摘要:

localized juvenile periodontitis is a diseaseof the adolescent periodontium characterized by rapid alveolar destruction around molar and incisor teeth of the permanent dentition. Early treatment methods were variable and often empirical due to lack of knowledge concerning etiology. Elucidation of factors associated with the disease has led to different therapeutic approaches. A comprehensive review of these modalities is presented.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.1

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the purpose of the study was two‐fold: to determine the nature of stainable deposits on periodontally diseased root surfaces subsequent toin vivoscaling and root planing procedures, and to quantify the distribution of residual plaque on instrumented root surfaces. Thirty molar and 30 nonmolar teeth which were condemned for periodontal or prosthetic reasons and had proximal probing depths of 4 to 7 mm were treated. Half of these were instrumented with I.U. curettes and the other half with an ultrasonic scaling device. Instrumentation was continued until the root surface felt hard and smooth to an explorer tip. The location of the gingival margin was recorded by notching the treated proximal surface with a No. 1/2 round bur. Twenty control teeth, 10 molar and 10 nonmolar, were extracted without instrumentation. Control and experimental teeth were irrigated with saline and stored in a 2.5% glutaraldehyde fixative solution until the time of assessment.All teeth were stained with a 0.5% solution of toluidine blue, and the amount of residual stained material and calculus was assessed under the stereomicroscope using an eyepiece fitted with a 10 × 10 optical grid. Stained deposits were marked by placing small V‐shaped notches in the adjacent root surface as an aid to identification after the specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination. The nature of stained deposits on selected teeth was then characterized using the SEM. Treated root surfaces were also surveyed in detail to assess the quantity and extent of residual plaque deposits.The findings showed that although a large percentage of the treated proximal root surface may possess stainable deposits, these surfaces were often unexpectedly free of microbial organisms. In this study, the majority of stained deposits were composed of adherent fibrin and instrumentation debris. When bacterial plaque was present, it was usually found in small „mini‐colonies” smaller than 0.5 mm across. Such findings cast doubt on the validity of using histologic and disclosing stains as an indicator for the presence of bacterial plaqueimmediately after instrumentation. Although only partially effective in removing subgingival calculus, both methods of instrumentation in this study appeared to be remarkably effective in bacterial debridement of subgingival root surfaces.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.9

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the effects on dentin permeabilityof burnishing NaF, kaolin, or glycerin, alone and in various combinations, were determined using anin vitrosystem. The results indicate that the important variable was not any of the constituents of the paste but the burnishing process itself. Burnishing dentin creates a partial smear layer on the dentin surface, thereby occluding the orifices of dentinal tubules sufficiently to reduce fluid movement across dentin 50 to 80%.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.19

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the present study was undertakento examine the long‐term periodontal status of teeth orthodontically moved into extraction sites. Patients were examined 14 to 34 years after active orthodontic treatment involving extraction of four first premolars. Three groups were established: one with closed tooth contacts and parallel adjacent teeth, one with closed tooth contacts and tipped adjacent teeth, and one with open contacts between adjacent teeth. Within each group accumulation of plaque, gingival health status, probing pocket depth, and probing attachment level of interproximal tooth surfaces, facing extraction sites and adjacent control sites between canine and lateral incisor were compared. Significantly more probing attachment loss was found in extraction sites with open tooth contacts (P<0.01) and with parallel adjacent teeth and closed tooth contacts (P<0.05) than in control sites. However, the mean differences were less than 0.5 mm, which may not be considered clinically significant. Tipping of teeth into the extraction sites had no long‐term detrimental effect on the probing attachment level. No differences in accumulation of plaque and in gingival health status were observed.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.24

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

this study evaluated the effect of2% sodium desoxycholate combined with whole plasma from a single donor on gingival fibroblast attachment to diseased root surfaces. Twenty extracted periodontally involved teeth were cut into halves buccolingually and sterilized by moist heat under high pressure. The diseased root surface of each control half was rubbed with a sterile cotton pellet saturated with Dulbecco's phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS). The diseased root surface of each experimental half was rubbed with a sterile cotton pellet saturated with 2% sodium desoxycholate and then rubbed with a pellet soaked in human plasma. The control and experimental halves were placed in separate petri dishes, and a fibroblast cell suspension was added to each dish. The mean number of attached cells per half tooth was calculated for each group. Tooth surfaces treated with PBS (controls) showed a mean of 307 ±63 attached cells for 17 tooth halves; the experimental treated surfaces exhibited a mean of 650 ± 130 attached cells for 16 halves. The difference between these numbers was statistically significant (P<0.01). These findings suggest that the desoxycholate/plasma combination enhancedin vitrofibroblast attachment to diseased root surfaces.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.30

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

a case of infantile agranulocytosiswith survival into adolescence is presented. The polymorphonuclear leukocyte is considered an important source of lysosomal enzymes in gingival crevicular fluid, and evaluation of connective tissue‐degrading enzymes in the fluid was performed. The activity of β‐glucuronidase, a ground substance‐degrading enzyme that may serve as a marker for polymorphonuclear leukocytes, was markedly reduced in the fluid compared to samples from systemically healthy adults with periodontitis. The activities of the ground substance‐degrading enzyme arylsulfatase, and collagenase, were in the lownormal range. The plaque microbiology, as characterized by dark‐field microscopy and selective culturing, was consistent with advanced periodontitis. A review of the medical history revealed a series of bacterial infections since infancy. Improvement in the systemic health of the patient occurred at about the age of 15, and the intake of antibiotics to control infections was correspondingly reduced after this time. An exacerbation of the patient's periodontal disease, as evaluated by loss of alveolar bone on radiographs, occurred 1 to 2 years later. The progression of periodontal disease observed in this patient was apparently associated with the withdrawal of antibiotics administered for control of systemic (nonoral) infections.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.34

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

an electron microscopic surveywas carried out on the human periodontal ligament (PDL), including a part of the gingival connective tissue attached to extracted tooth roots (11 functioning premolars and 6 nonfunctioning third molars) in order to examine the characteristics of microfilaments (6 nm) in cementoblasts and PDL fibroblasts. Microfilaments which were grouped in bundles with semiperiodic dense nodes or in meshworks just beneath the cell membrane were seen predominantly in the cells characterized by their ultrastructurally immature appearance. These microfilaments were more commonly observed in third molar PDL than in premolar PDL and, in general, more conspicuous in cementoblasts than in fibroblasts. The significance of microfilaments in human PDL is discussed, particularly in relation to cell differentiation and morphogenesis.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.40

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

it has been shown that the ionicconcentration of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) rises with increases in the inflammation of the surrounding tissue. Because measurement of this increase might be useful for clinical assessment of periodontal status and because the sampling of this fluid is difficult in the typical clinical environment, attempts were made to measure the conductivity of GCFin vivousing a fabricated conductivity probe. Preliminary results suggest that statistically significant correlations may exist between certain clinical indices and GCF conductivity. A correlation could be shown when comparing the Gingival Index and the measured conductivity of GCF, but the correlation may be too low to be of biologic relevance, possibly due to the use of pooled samples. The use of an ion‐specific probe and the study of site‐specific periodontal lesions are suggested to develop more definitive data than this pilot study provided.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.46

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

neutropenic ulceration is a distinctiveclinical entity observed in severely myelosuppressed patients, such as those with acute leukemia. This case report demonstrates that evidence of its initial resolution may indicate the earliest stages of bone marrow recovery before this is reflected in the peripheral circulation through the return of functioning neutrophils. The possible influences of leukemic infiltration and bacterial superinfection in its initiation and progression are discussed.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.1.51

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY