ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247587

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

There has been concern that individuals with nonfamilial melanoma and dysplastic melanocytic nevi (DMN) are not directly comparable to patients with hereditary melanoma and DMN. Because we have conducted a comprehensive study of nonfamilial melanoma over the past several years, we have addressed the above issue by directly comparing the characteristics of 145 nonfamilial patients, 6 patients with familial melanoma and the information available for familial melanoma in the literature. All 6 patients with familial melanoma had at least one first-degree blood relative with cutaneous melanoma. A large number of clinical and histologic variables were compared for both groups. Some pertinent variables included mean age at melanoma diagnosis 46.7 versus 52.3 years, mean Breslow thickness 2.11 versus 1.54 mm, mean total body nevi per patient 20.6 versus 18.3, mean total clinically atypical nevi per patient 2.0 versus 1.7 and total histologically confirmed DMN per group 22 (18.3%) versus 2 (33%), for patients with nonfamilial versus familial melanoma, respectively. No substantial differences were observed between the two groups. A review of the medical literature failed to reveal any quantitative data for melanocytic nevi, either clinical or histologic, at present that would allow distinction of patients with sporadic versus familial melanoma. We conclude that studies concerning the clinical characteristics of patients with DMN and nonfamilial melanoma are relevant to other persons with DMN including familial melanoma.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247489

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Amorolfine is an antifungal showing activity against fungi pathogenic to plants, animals and humans. Amorolfine possesses a broad antifungal spectrum including dermatophytes, yeasts, dimorphic fungi and moulds and is not only fungistatic but fungicidal against most species. Amorolfine interferes with ergosterol biosynthesis at two steps: the Δ14 reduction and the Δ7–8 isomerisation. As a consequence of this inhibition the Δ14 sterol ignosterol is accumulated in the cell membrane and ergosterol is depleted. The cell wall thickness is significantly increased and chitin deposits are included inside and outside. In experimental models of systemic mycosis amorolfine shows no significant activity. This lack of systemic activity may be due to strong protein binding and/or rapid metabolism. In models of superficial fungal infection-trichophytosis and vaginal candidosis-amorolfine has a high activity. On a concentration basis amorolfine is more effective in trichophytosis than naftifine and all azoles tested. Amorolfine clears mycotic foci of trichophytosis in the guinea pig in 10 days, while none of the azoles is able to cure these animals. Tolciclate and terbinafine are the only other substances with a curative effect in these experiments. Amorolfine has a long retention time in the horny layer of the skin. In vaginal candidosis 0.1% amorolfine clears the vagina of viable Candida cells in

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247588

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Amorolfine applied in concentrations of 0.1–100 μg/ml causes considerable damage to the ultrastructure of Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes: electron-lucent areas appear in the cytoplasm. Extracytoplasmic membrane vesicles are formed and deposited in the cell wall. Starved fungal cells, with normal ultrastructure, can be found. Lysed, dead cells demonstrate the process of severe ultrastructural damage. T. mentagrophytes cell walls especially increase in thickness. The feature of the damage caused by amorolfine is comparable to that produced by azole antifunga

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247589

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The interference of penicillamine with collagen and elastin cross-linking can lead to wrinkling and anetoderma-like lesions in flexural areas as well as fragility and hemorrhagic blisters in pressure areas. These changes are seen primarily in patients with Wilson’s disease or cystinuria who are on long-term therapy. This is a report of a patient with cystinuria on long-term, high-dose penicillamine who developed pseudoxanthoma-elasticum-like lesions. Coalescent yellow papules with a ‘plucked-chicken skin’ appearance were seen in the axillae and on the neck while redundant skin folds were noted in the anterior axillary line and lower buttocks. By light and electron microscopy, involved and uninvolved skin demonstrated ‘lumpy-bumpy’ dermal elastic fibers with no calcium deposition. These histologic changes are similar to those previously described in patients with penicillamine-induced ski

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247491

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The percutaneous absorption of a new antifungal agent, amorolfine, has been measured through both skin and nail using an in vitro technique. Application of a 5% concentration in either an ethanol or methylene chloride lacquer resulted in permeation rates through nail in the range of 20-100 ng/cm2/h and somewhat higher through skin. Absorption was greater from the methylene chloride lacquer than the ethanol lacquer.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247611

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The clinical presentation of molluscum contagiosum is described in detail in 16 HIV-infected patients. Atypical facial lesions with either multiple small papules or giant nodular tumors prevailed in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. A theoretical basis for the atypical localization of the disease is lacking.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247492

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

456 patients with onychomycosis were treated once or twice weekly for up to 6 months with amorolfine 5% nail lacquer in an open, randomized study. The patients were examined at monthly intervals during treatment and followed-up 1 and 3 months after completion of treatment. Slightly better cure rates were achieved with twice weekly use than with once weekly use (overall cure rates 54.2 vs. 46.0% p = 0.4). An overall cure or improvement was achieved in 74 and 68% of patients receiving twice- and once-weekly treatment, respectively. The mycological cure rate was 76.1% for twice-weekly treatment and 70.6% for once-weekly treatment. The nail lacquer was extremely well tolerated; 4 out of 456 patients reported mild local irritation. Plasma levels of amorolfine were determined in 19 patients and found to be below the detection limit of 0.5 ng/ml in all cases.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247612

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Verruga peruana and bacillary angiomatosis are two cutaneous diseases characterized by angiomatous growths linked to the presence of rickettsia-like organisms. These lesions are currently considered to be endothelial hyperplasias and to share many features. By immunohistochemistry and computerized image analysis, we studied the presence of factor-XIIIa-positive dendrocytes in these lesions and compared our data with similar research in capillary angiomas and normal skin. Other cell lines were studied by Ulex europaeus and by antibodies to the L1 antigen and to the von Willebrand factor. Dendrocytes were identified in the three types of angiomatous growth. They were numerous and appeared plump, but no more dendritic than in normal skin. Verruga peruana and bacillary angiomatosis should therefore be viewed as combined growths of endothelial cells and dendrocytes. The biological link between these two types of cells is emphasized.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247493

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a double-blind randomized comparative study, 75 patients were treated with amorolfine cream 0.125, 0.25 or 0.5%. At the end of treatment clinical cure rates of 80, 76 and 84% respectively, and mycological cures of 72, 64 and 76% were obtained. At 2 months posttherapy follow-up relapse rates were 0, 12 and 12% respectively. There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of clinical and mycological response, duration of treatment or tolerance. In a double-blind parallel study, 40 patients were treated topically with either 0.5% amorolfine cream or 1% bifonazole cream. The percentages of combined clinical and mycological cures were 83.3 and 78.95%, respectively. There was no significant difference in terms of tolerance and clinical and mycological cure rates. All treatments were applied once daily. Posttreatment MIC values did not indicate development of resistance to either amorolfine or bifonazole.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247613

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger