摘要:

Cutaneous changes induced by aging can be quantified and monitored noninvasively by means of bioengineering tools. Skin elasticity, hydration, skin blood flow and skin surface pattern show age-related changes reflecting the damage of cutaneous structures involved. Impairment and degeneration of elastic and collagen networks are responsible for the progressive decrease in skin elasticity recorded during aging. Reduction in blood flow and water supply with probably defective stratum corneum binding result in reduced stratum corneum water content and transepidermal water loss. Morphological changes such as increased skin roughness pigmentation and alteration of skin surface pattern appearing from the age of 30 years onwards may be investigated at a subclinical level allowing the detection of early signs of aging.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247727

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The hyper-IgE syndrome is characterized clinically by recurrent staphylococcal abscesses of the skin, lungs and other sites from infancy. Affected patients also have a pruritic dermatitis that differs in character and distribution from lesions of atopic dermatitis. Most lack other signs of atopic disease, develop persistent pneumatoceles and have osteopenia. Laboratory abnormalities include the consistent presence of marked hyperimmunoglobulinemia E and eosinophilia of blood, sputum and tissues. They may have other inconsistent abnormalities of humoral and cellular immune responses and sometimes of phagocytic cell chemotactic responsiveness. Other clinical problems reported in such patients have included lymphomas, cryptococcal meningitis and cutaneous fungal disease. An 18-year-old male patient with a variant of the hyper-IgE syndrome which he had acquired after a measles attack at the age of 5 years suffered from recurrent ulcerative dermatitis and lymph node abscesses. Immunological investigation revealed an excessively elevated total serum IgE level (46,850 IU/ml), the presence of specific IgE to staphylococci, and quantitative and functional deficiency of IgG2. Skin and serological (radioallergosorbent) tests to inhalant and nutritive allergens were negative. Differentiation from atopic dermatitis should be made, because a long-term antistaphylococcal regime not only improves skin lesions but hinders the occurrence of lung abscesses and pneumatoceles.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247728

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

During 1988, the Gruppo Italiano Studi Epidemiologici in Dermatologia (GISED) coordinated a pilot study aimed at evaluating the feasibility of a system for spontaneous monitoring of adverse drug reactions in dermatological practice in Italy. Approximately 400 dermatologists were asked to collaborate, and 141 agreed to the study. Procedures similar to those well established in other surveillance programs (including the use of standard forms and standardized assessment procedure) were adopted. In a 2-month period 775 reports were collected, of which 711 were maintained after careful evaluation. The general profile of the adverse reactions reported was in accordance with the experience derived by other spontaneous surveillance programs. The main purpose of spontaneous reporting systems is the identification of new reactions, and a model analysis was proposed, in our study, with reference to skin reactions to bamifylline. The demonstration of the feasibility of a drug-monitoring program in Italy where little tradition exists in the area, is the most important result of our study.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247729

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Biopsies taken from vulvar lesions in 12 women affected by vulvar lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) have been processed for immunohistological study. Activated (HLA-Dr+) T cells, associated with CD1a+ accessory cells, were found in the dermis in all cases, with architectural patterns varying in relation to the histological phase (early, well developed, old) of the lesion. Interestingly, the number of epidermal CD1a+ Langerhans cells (LCs) was increased in all cases, without any correlation with the amount of the dermal infiltrate and with the histological phase of the lesions. In fact, also in old lesions the number of epidermal CD1a+ LCs was increased, and the sparse dermal lymphoid cells showed a persistent HLA-Dr antigen expression. These data, indicating the persistent activation of epidermal antigen-presenting cells and lymphoid cells in all the evolutive phases of vulvar LSA, suggest a possible involvement of the skin immune system in the pathogenesis of LSA.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247730

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In both, 6 hyperthyroid and 6 hypothyroid patients as well as 10 healthy volunteers, cell cycle kinetics of dissected anagen scalp hair bulbs were determined by means of DNA flow cytometry (DNA-FCM). Compared with the healthy control group in patients with thyroid disorders striking differences of cell kinetic data were evaluated. In hyperthyroidism a significant increase (30%) and in hypothyroidism a significant decrease (15%) of S and G2 + M phase cell percentages was found. The proliferation index (S + G2 + M%) calculated revealed similar results. A correlation between the height of S phase percentages and plasma T3 levels was recognizable but could not be proved statistically. By means of DNA-FCM the study demonstrates for the first time the influence of thyroid hormones on in vivo cell cycle kinetics of human scalp hair bulbs.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247731

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of this paper is to evaluate invasive and non-invasive indices of iron store and compare the effectiveness of different ferrodepletive protocols in 150 patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). Iron removal was performed either by intensive phlebotomy (22 cases) or slow subcutaneous and high intravenous doses of desferrioxamine (18 and 5 cases, respectively), and several laboratory parameters were studied; among these, oligo-elements and urinary porphyrins (detected by HPLC) were taken into account before and after the treatments. Serum iron, transferrin saturation, ferritin (RIA) and nuclear magnetic resonance results were compared with invasive findings in order to detect the metal deposition in liver tissue (atomic absorption concentration, optic or electron-microscopic detection). Liver iron overload was observed in 95% of cases. Full normalization of the disease took place by all the treatments, even if it required slightly more time in the phlebotomy group. We may conclude that ferrodepletive treatments are highly effective in PCT and, considering the fact that siderosis and liver damage always accompany the disease, these treatments are proposed as first choice in such cases.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247732

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

According to an opinion shared by many, human axillary and inguinal odour is related to short-chain fatty acids produced by gram-positive bacteria. Especially coryneform bacteria are said to produce these odiferous substances. After sampling 22 different strains of coryneform bacteria we cultured them for 48 h in a rich medium. Short-chain fatty acids were extracted afterwards by shaking the liquid medium with ether. Gas chromatography was used for detection. Only one of the tested bacteria produced propionic acid. Acetic acid, (iso)butyric acid or (iso)valeric acid could never be detected. The production of substances of the short-chain fatty acid type might, however, be a consequence of the particular substrate found under physiologic conditions by these organisms in human apocrine sweat. The theory that the metabolism of these skin bacteria necessarily produces short-chain fatty acids could not be supported. Another explanation might be that unspecific secreted enzymes of the bacteria are responsible for the production of short-chain fatty acids by a cleavage of skin surface lipids.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247733

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Three patients with solar urticaria were treated with plasmapheresis. By intradermal injection of in vitro irradiated serum the existence of a circulating photoallergen was demonstrated in cases 1 and 2 but not in case 3. Plasmapheresis induced complete remission of solar urticaria in case 1 and transient improvement in case 2. In case 3, however, no beneficial effect was observed. It is suggested that some patients with solar urticaria, probably those with a circulating photoallergen, may benefit from plasmapheresis.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247734

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Extravasation is a frequent complication associated with intravenous infusions. Two case histories are reported in which blister formation is one of the most striking features after the accident. The infusion fluids are no vesicants but commonly used intravenous infusion fluids. The factors on which the eventual extent of tissue damage depends are discussed, as are the mechanisms by which these factors cause damage on a cellular level. Experienced personnel selecting the right location for the infusion flexible catheters and frequent inspection of the infusion are important factors to prevent extravasation. If extravasation is suspected the infusion should be stopped aspiration should be performed, the extremity involved should be elevated, wet compresses should be applied and exact documentation of the accident is required.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247735

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Sweet’s syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) occurred in a 29-year-old woman with acne. Although Sweet’s syndrome initially seemed to be triggered by an acute acne flare, minocycline could later be identified as the causal agent. Because this could be confirmed in an oral provocation test, this seems to be the first case of a true connection between Sweet’s syndrome and its induction by a drug, namely minocy

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247736

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger