摘要:

Although carefully selected and adjusted therapy consisting of acne "surgery," dietary restrictions, antibiotics, estrogens, and vitamin A given orally, x-ray therapy, local therapy, and general hygienic advice is ordinarily sufficient to control acne vulgaris, our offices are crowded with teenagers who suffer from the disease. Rarely do we cure acne in one consultation. The majority of patients return week after week, or month after month, and in recalcitrant cases treatment may continue for years.I practically never give x-ray therapy these days because of the general fear of radiation, which I somewhat share. Also I seldom use estrogens in the treatment of acne because the results are rarely good. The use of estrogens in adolescent males is seldom effective, and certainly is a type of space medicine where the doctor enters a field about which he is almost completely ignorant. The use of estrogens in adolescent females is less objectionable

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170005001

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

Urocanic acid is one of the compounds which undergoes structural alteration upon exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light. It is the purpose of this paper to characterize these changes and comment upon their significance.At the Third International Congress of Biochemistry at Brussels in 1955, a group of Czechoslovakian investigators demonstrated prevalence of urocanic (imidazolearylic) acid in human sweat in contrast to other body fluids and speculated that this compound might play a role in the protection against 300 mμradiation.1They found that the concentration of urocanic acid in normal skins averaged 40-110 per ml.2and that a significant amount of exhibited 300 mμirradiation was absorbed by it.3In 1957 Tabachnick showed that urocanic acid was the major ultraviolet light absorber in white guinea pig skin, constituting 0.7% of total dry weight of epidermis.4We have shown5the erythema protection conferred

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170011002

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

Marine animals1-6have long been known to produce acute dermatitis on contact with the human skin. The eruption described herewith, however, is the first (to our knowledge) to be due to contact with a marine plant, a seaweed. This dermatitis has been proven experimentally by one of us (Col. Grauer) by patch testing to be produced by contact with a marine blue-green alga7,8which has tentatively been identified as Lyngbya majuscula Gomont9(Fig. 1).During July and August, 1958, an acute dermatitis, previously not reported in Hawaii, occurred in swimmers frequenting windward beaches on the island of Oahu. During this period more than 125 cases received treatment for this disorder and hundreds of mild, unreported cases were suspected. Cases occurred at beaches from Laie and Kaaawa to Lanikai and possibly Waimanalo, with no instances of occurrence in Kaneohe Bay (Fig. 2). In the experience of one of

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170014003

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

A persistent interdigital dermatosis of the feet is occasionally observed, characterized by white hyperkeratotic thickening between the toes and over the adjoining area of the soles, which defies efforts to demonstrate fungous organisms and resists topical treatment almost absolutely. Regarding the condition as a distinctive entity, Castellani1applied to it the name "pseudotinea interdigitalis pedum." The opportunity to study a number of cases of this intertriginous eruption has yielded the data presented in this paper. Examination of the morphologic aspects of the lesions, including their histopathologic structure, and search for concomitant involvement of other areas of the body have sustained my impression that the disease is an atypical form of psoriasis. Because the outstanding feature (and the one least likely to suggest psoriasis) is its white, sodden appearance, I have adopted the name "white psoriasis" as appropriately descriptive of the condition clinically. An alternative name, "hyperkeratotic psoriasis," indicates the

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170027004

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

Crocker1wrote in 1893:A very rare variety [of lichen planus] of which I have seen 2 instances, is where the lesions are of a deep crimson tint, very soft to the touch instead of firm, and look more like an erythema than L. planus, as they can be temporarily obliterated on pressure, and the epidermis is evidently not involved. One case was a gentleman past middle age. The eruption had existed for a year, and was in closely aggregated, small papules, limited to the groins and large areas on the trunk. The other was not under my care, and the disease had been present for over 2 years, and was very extensive. There was also much telangiectasis of the face and mouth.It does not appear from this note, which is reprinted in its entirety, that Crocker ever justified the diagnosis of lichen planus in these cases by

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170035005

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

It has long been recognized that there is an association between certain skin diseases and the differing seasons of the year, but in most cases precise relationships are not well known. Temperature, humidity, air movement, atmospheric pressure, sunlight, electrostatic charges, and cosmic radiation may all affect the skin from without or by such endogenous means as an influence on the general circulation or the basal metabolic rate. The influence may be exerted more indirectly through changes induced in micro-organisms, disease vectors, flora and fauna, work activities (fig harvesting, cotton picking), clothing habits, and the heating and ventilation of houses. Seasonally recurring cultural and religious customs (holiday hikes, sunbathing, feasts and fasts) also merit consideration. Although seasonal factors may sometimes be the primary causative agents of a disease they usually only serve to precipitate its onset or modify its development, intrinsic or "host" factors being of greater importance in most cases.

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170044006

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

Amyloidosis of the skin is classified into the following 4 main groups: (1) primary systemic amyloidosis, systematized amyloidosis1; (2) secondary systemic amyloidosis, generalized amyloidosis; (3) primary localized amyloidosis, lichen amyloidosis, or amyloidosis localis cutis nodularis et disseminata,2-4and (4) secondary localized amyloidosis ("seniles Amyloid," Freudenthal5).In primary systemic amyloidosis, the parenchyma of the organs is largely spared; blood vessels, connective tissues, and muscles are the main site of involvement. This type of amyloidosis is often accompanied with multiple myeloma, Bence Jones proteinuria, and plasmocytoma.Secondary systemic amyloidosis occurs in chronic diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, malaria, syphilis, osteomyelitis, and so on. Amyloid deposits are found in the parenchymatous organs, especially in the liver, kidney, spleen, and adrenals. In secondary localized amyloidosis, amyloid deposits are found in senile and pigmented verrucae, keratomas, epitheliomas, and cylindromas.Primary localized amyloidosis has also been called lichen amyloidosis. It is a very

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170053007

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

IntroductionWhite lesions of the oral mucosa, clinically resembling leukoplakia, have been encountered in a variety of conditions. Among these diseases are 4 rare hereditary dyskeratoses: Darier-White's disease,1,2hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis,3white sponge nevus of Cannon,4and pachyonychia congenita of Jadassohn and Lewandowsky.5In contrast to leukoplakia, which is characterized by premalignant dyskeratosis, these latter conditions run a chronic but benign course. Leukoplakia is usually localized to one site, while all 4 of the hereditary diseases may show involvement of other structures. A comparative study of tissue sections and exfoliative cytology of the oral lesions of these conditions was undertaken to investigate the cellular abnormalities revealed by this technique. To our knowledge only the exfoliative cytology pattern of hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis has been reported previously.3Methods and MaterialsPatient material was obtained from families studied by the Genetics Section of the National Institute

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170056008

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

The relationships between hair loss, hair growth, and vascular supply in the human scalp have not been precisely delineated. Alopecias from severe inflammatory processes which destroy the follicular unit have been fully documented. The combination of genetic susceptibility and androgenic inhibition of follicular growth in male and female patterned baldness is well recognized, but the role played by the vascular system is unknown. Little is understood concerning the pathogenesis of the mildly inflammatory alopecias, exemplified by alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, and pseudopelade of Brocq. Chronic diffuse thinning of the hair in women in the absence of known hereditary factors, while apparently becoming increasingly common, has not been satisfactorily explained. In a recent study, Kligman1has shown that temporary thinning of scalp hair following severe fevers, infections, pregnancy, and heparin administration is due to accelerated production of normal telogen hairs. The causative mechanisms in this group likewise remain obscure.This

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170066009

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA

摘要:

In a previous unreported experiment*the antifungal effect of 10% Lysol (disinfectant with orthophenylphenol as principal germicidal ingredient) was compared with several dilutions of two different soaps, the common domestic "Offenbach" and the antiseptic "Nobater" (Laboratories Chantereau, Arcueil, Seine). Using a technique described by Frey et al.,1Lysol showed fungicidal effect in vitro against Trichophyton violaceum, T. tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes, T. schoenleinii, T. megninii, and Microsporum canis. Dilutions of both soaps at 1/1,000, 1/100, and 1/10 did not inhibit growth of the same dermatophytes.As pointed out recently2there are very few references reporting the effect of ethyl alcohol on the normal growth of dermatophytes. In 1933, Emmons3reported that T. gypseum was not inhibited after 30 minutes' immersion in 50% alcohol but did not develop after 30 minutes in 85% alcohol. Loewenthal4has just studied the effect of 70% ethyl alcohol on hairs infected by

ISSN:0003-987X    

DOI:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580170084010

年代:1961

数据来源: JAMA