摘要:

Abstract:The influence of dietary fat on myocardial vulnerability to arrhythmia was examined using coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in the anesthetised rat as a whole animal model of ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Animals were fed a reference (REF) diet alone or supplemented 12% by weight with tuna fish oil (TFO) (rich in n‐3 fatty acids), sunflower seed oil (SSO) (rich in n‐6 fatty acids) or sheep perirenal fat (SF) (rich in saturated fatty acids). Feeding periods of 6, 12, and 18 months and a total of 108 rats were used. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation in occlusion was reduced from 46% of REF animals to 6% and 21% in TFO and SSO groups respectively and increased to 68% in the SF‐fed rats. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia was also reduced by TFO and SSO. The incidence of fibrillation on reperfusion of acutely ischemic myocardium (15 minutes occlusion) was significantly reduced by TFO only (12%, REF = 50%, SSO = 30%, SF = 70%). Severity of arrhythmias increased with age as did the extent of dietary influence. Mortality from fibrillation which only occurred in rats aged 12 months or older (REF = 13%) was increased by SF (43%) mainly in reperfusion (38%) but did not occur in TFO or SSO. These results indicate the potential benefit of dietary modification to include a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fat especially fish oil in reducing risk of sudden cardiac death. It is suggested that, in addition to their effects on atherosclerosis or thrombosis, dietary fats can directly influence myocardial vulnerability to arrhythmic stimuli through incorporation into myocardial membranes. (Aust NZ J Med 1989; 19:

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01662.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

CARDIOMYOPATHY. Edited by: Thomas D. Giles. Gary E. Sander.

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01663.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:To search for a genetic marker in patients with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP), we studied the erythrocyte sodium‐potassium pump activity in 13 patients with TPP; 30 thyrotoxic patients with no history of paralysis (T) and 69 euthyroid controls. In thyrotoxic patients (TPP and T), erythrocyte ouabain sensitive sodium efflux rate constant were decreased while erythrocyte sodium content as increased. All these changes reverted to normal when the patients became euthyroid. Maximal ouabain binding capacity correlated positively with ouabain sensitive sodium efflux rate constant (r = 0.542; p<0.001; n = 155) and negatively with serum thyroxine concentration (r = ‐0.571; p<0.001; n = 60) and erythrocyte sodium content (r = ‐0.521; p<0.001; n = 155). In the thyrotoxic state, maximal ouabian binding capacity was just significantly higher in TPP when compared with T (0.268 ± 0.014 and 0.234 ± 0.009 pmol/109cells respectively; p<0.05). This difference could not be demonstrated when the patients became euthyroid. Our findings suggest that patients with TPP respond to thyrotoxicosis with a smaller decrement in erythrocyte sodium‐potassium ATPase activity than patients without a history of paralysis. However, the difference is too small to represent a useful genetic marker for this disease entity. (Aust NZ J Med 1989;

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The utility of transesophageal electrocardiography using a bipolar ‘pill electrode’ was assessed in 17 consecutive patients with tachycardia presenting to our casualty department. Standard 12‐lead electrocardiography showed regular narrow QRS tachycardia in 12 patients, and five patients had wide QRS tachycardia. Esophageal atrial electrogram recordings were obtained in 14 patients (82%), and these were helpful in determining the mechanism of tachycardia in 11 patients (78%). Of these 11, seven patients fulfilled criteria for atrioventricular junctional (AVJ) tachycardia based on measurement of the minimum interval between the onset of ventricular depolarisation and earliest atrial (esophageal) activity. One of these patients had presented with a wide QRS tachycardia. The other four patients were diagnosed as having ventricular tachycardia (VT) following diagnosis of AV dissociation. Atrial overdrive pacing, via the pill electrode, successfully reverted four of the nine patients (44%) with narrow QRS tachycardia but no patient with VT. Esophageal recording during tachycardia is a simple, relatively non‐invasive technique which is helpful in suggesting the mechanism of tachycardia both in patients with narrow and wide QRS tachycardia, and may have a therapeutic role in patients with AVJ tachycardia. (Aust NZ J Med 1989; 19:

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Twelve of 30 Africans with heart block gave a history of chronic chloroquine abuse. Eleven of these had evidence of chloroquine retinopathy whereas four of the 18 nonabusers had abnormal ophthalmologic findings, thought to be senile changes. The chronic chloroquine abusers were all male and were younger (mean age 51.6 years) than the non‐abusers (mean age 61.2), nine of whom were female. Serum chloroquine levels were not helpful diagnostically.In the absence of other etiological factors, chronic chloroquine toxicity is important in the causation of heart block in Africans. (Aust NZ J Med 1989; 19: 17–

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

TO FOLLOW KNO WLEDGE. Edited by Josephine C. Wiseman. Royal Australasian College of Physicians,

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The case of a 53‐year‐old man with familial hypoparathyroidism in the presence of circulating immunoreactive PTH is discussed. The patient responded to exogenous PTH by an increase in urinary cAMP excretion and by several post cyclase parameters including an increase in serum calcium and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D, an increase in urinary phosphate excretion and a decrease in urinary calcium. Immunoreactive PTH was detected in this patient's serum by three separate anti‐PTH antisera. This immunoreactive PTH behaved aberrantly with these antisera. Nonparallelism to the standard curve was seen in two radioimmunoassays and the material was detected by an antiserum which preferentially binds bovine PTH. No circulating PTH binding activity was detectable. Family studies confirmed the genetic nature of the abnormality. HPLC studies revealed the presence of an abnormally hydrophobic fraction containing immunoreactive PTH. We believe these findings constitute strong evidence for the presence of an abnormal PTH molecule with reduced biological activity resulting in hypoparathyroidism. (Aust NZ J Med 1989; 19:

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

BLADDER CONTROL ‐ A SIMPLE SELF‐HELP GUIDE. Richard J. Mill

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01669.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Fecal flora of 12 children undergoing bone‐marrow transplantation was monitored prospectively using comprehensive microbiological techniques. Diarrhea developed at least once in ten of the 12 children (83%), and a total of 24 episodes were recorded. Recognised gut pathogens were isolated from 11/21 (52%) diarrheal episodes where fecal specimens were obtained. Enteric pathogens identified included viral pathogens in 19% (rotaviruses, ‘enteric’ adenoviruses), parasites in 19% (cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia) and cytotoxicC. difficile(14%). Excretion of clostridial species (including cytotoxin negativeC. difficile, C. innocuum) occurred in 90% of diarrheal episodes when no enteric pathogen was identified. These results suggest that infection is often responsible for diarrhea associated with bone‐marrow transplantation. Prophylaxis against enteric infection might reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with severe diarrhea in bone‐marrow transplanted children. (Aust NZ J Med 1989; 1

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01670.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A COLOUR ATLAS OF THE TONGUE IN CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS. D.W. Beaven, S.E. Brooks.

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1989.tb01671.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY