ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157350

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157351

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common degenerative connective tissue disorder with a strong genetic basis potentiated by cigarette smoking and hypertension and affecting predominantly old men. The disease is usually asymptomatic until it causes death by rupture, so most patients remain undiagnosed. A strong case can be made for screening all men aged 65 years, and the first-degree male relatives of known patients should be offered ultrasound screening every 5 years from the age of 50. Both the quantity and quality of surgical care currently provided in the United Kingdom and elsewhere vary enormously, and there are good grounds for encouraging the referral of all patients with aortic aneurysms to specialist vascular surgical units. Elective surgical resection of aneurysms over 4.0 cm in diameter offers most patients the best chance of survival for more than a year provided the operative mortality rate is under 5 %. For patients with smaller aneurysms there is the prospect that specific drug therapy may soon be available to reduce the growth rate of their aneurysms and perhaps the need for surgery in the future.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157437

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The circadian rhythms of running-wheel activity and body temperature in a strain of spontaneously hypertensive rats (Aoki) and a strain of normotensive rats (Wistar Kyoto) were analysed. When the rats were exposed to continuous light, the free-running rhythm of activity persisted for more than 30 days in the hypertensive rats, but for only 16–17 days at most in the normotensive ones. The rigidity of the circadian rhythm of activity, judged by comparison with the cycle of light and dark of the initial conditions, was greater in the hypertensive rats and the activity time was longer. Body temperatures were measured rectally at 4-hour intervals in both strains of rats and under both types of lighting conditions. The circadian rhythm of body temperature under continuous illumination was shorter in the hypertensive rats, but its amplitude was larger. Thus the nature of the circadian oscillating system differs in these two strain

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157352

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twenty-seven patients with postcricoid carcinoma treated by resection and visceral transposition of the stomach (24), colon (2) or jejunum (1) were studied at Kuwait Cancer Control Centre. Their age and sex distribution, TNM classification, postoperative complications and recurrence rate during the 4- to 8-year follow-up period was analysed. Adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy was given to 22 patients, while 1 patient had pre-operative radiotherapy. The overall 5-year survival rate was 26%. This rate was higher in patients in which the cervical lymph nodes were not involved (44%), compared to those in which they were (17%). The reconstructive procedure using gastric transposition was well tolerated with low operative mortality and low morbidity, provided that proper mediastinal drainage and preservation of the parathyroid glands was achieved. Greater attention to local nodal dissection and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy may lower the recurrence rate.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157353

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The first clinical experience in Kuwait of the use of extradural fibre-optic sensors and Ladd equipment to monitor intracranial pressure (ICP) in head injury cases is described. Twenty patients with severe or moderately severe injuries were selected for monitoring from the head injury cases admitted to the Intensive-Care Unit of Al-Adan Hospital. The extradural device proved safe, simple, reliable and effective in assessing ICP responses to hyperventilation, dehydration regime and head elevation which were used to reduce the high ICP accompanying brain oedema in such injuries.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157354

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A review of 505 percutaneous nephrostomies performed on 485 patients over 5 years is presented. Percutaneous nephrostomy was used for the relief of supravesical obstruction in 110 patients, drainage of pyonephrosis in 48, antegrade access to the upper urinary tract in 259, assessment of functional recovery in 61 and urinary diversion in 7 patients. Angiographic catheters were used with the combination of sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance. The procedure was found to be simple, safe and effective with a high success rate and low morbidity.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157358

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The diagnosis of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodules (STN) is difficult. This paper reviews 91 cases of STN that underwent surgery after fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) at the Kuwait Cancer Control Centre. In discriminating between benign and malignant lesions, patient histories and clinical examinations were of some value and thyroid scans were of limited value, but FNAC was the most useful tool and correlated best with the histopathological assessment. Using FNAC alone, there were no false-positive diagnoses and only 1 false negative (1.9%). We suggest that FNAC is the most reliable of the various diagnostic tests and recommend its routine clinical use in solitary thyroid nodules.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157359

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The value of intra-uterine insemination (IUI) coupled with superovulation was studied in two groups of couples infertile because of male subfertility. IUI was carried out on 38 women during 78 treatment cycles after stimulation of ovulation with Clomid and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and on 29 women during 79 treatment cycles without stimulation. The pregnancy rate per patient (28.9%) and per treatment cycle (14.1%) was significantly higher in the stimulated group (p = 0.05 and p = 0.01, respectively). This could be attributed to a significantly higher number of follicles recruited (p < 0.001), since there was homogeneity between the two groups for other confounding factors. It is concluded that superovulation improves the pregnancy rate in couples with male subfertility treated with IUI.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157360

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The possible side effects of particles of polytef paste, a sterile mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene, glycerin, and polysorbate on rapidly growing fetal tissue, were investigated as the first part of a three-stage study designed to investigate the effects on the renal cortex of the periureteric injection of polytef, as used in the treatment of severe vesico-ureteric reflux. Eighteen New Zealandar fetal rabbits were injected with polytef and 8 were injected with normal saline as a control. The group injected with polytef had a 20% maternal death rate, 100% fetal loss and a high rate of fetal growth failure. Postmortem examination of two rabbits that died before delivery, did not reveal any fetal tissue in the uterus, nor did examination of the uterus from 1 surviving rabbit that did not deliver. However, all the fetal rabbits injected with saline had normal birth weights; there was no fetal loss or prematurity. Surgeons using polytef paste should be aware of its effects on rapidly growing fetuses.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157361

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger