ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157272

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of involuntary smoking are reviewed in terms of lung cancer, chronic respiratory and ischaemic heart diseases in adults and respiratory disease and growth in children. The evidence for real effects is weak but sufficient to merit concern. Future research must include more accurate data on exposure and should investigate possible biochemical mechanisms by taking advantage of the natural experiment arising from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157273

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate was studied in 63 consecutive infants and children with suspected bacterial meningitis. Levels of CSF lactate above 3 mmol/l were present in 14 out of 16 children with culture-proven meningitis, 1 out of 9 infants with viral meningitis, and 2 out of 6 with partially treated meningitis. Thirty-three infants who had their CSF examined to exclude meningitis served as control. None had levels above 2.3 mmol/l. The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the test was 87.5, 97.6 and 94.8, respectively. We conclude that the test is useful, simple and reliable.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157274

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The endogenous phospholipid acceptor for Ca2+-dependent serine-phospholipid base-exchange reaction was explored in rabbit platelet membranes. When chasing experiments were carried out using prelabeled membranes, cold serine chased labeled serine and ethanolamine, but not labeled choline from corresponding phospholipids. This indicates that phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are at least utilized as phospholipid acceptors for serine base-exchange reaction, although it is not certain whether phosphatidylcholine (PC) is utilized. For the quantitative analysis, the amounts of endogenous bases released from the membranes during serine base-exchange reaction were measured. The serine-dependent release of ethanolamine and choline was only about 10 and 3 % of the amount of [3H]serine incorporated into PS, respectively. If Ca2+-dependent serine incorporation into PS occurs only through the so-called base-exchange reaction, these results suggest that the major phospholipid acceptor for serine incorporation is preexisting PS, but not PE or PC in rabbit platelet membranes.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157275

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Following injection with indium-Ill-oxine-labeled leukocytes and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, leukocyte sequestration was observed in the lungs, liver and kidneys in 6 sheep with a corresponding decrease in measured indium-Ill oxine leukocytes in the spleen and circulating blood, and a decrease in the leukocyte count in peripheral blood. In the lungs and kidneys, early leukocyte sequestration was followed by a decrease in activity in these organs, with a second phase of continuous leukocyte sequestration beginning 90 min after shock. A steady increase in leukocyte activity was observed in the lungs until the end of the experiment. Leucocyte sequestration may be the pathogenic factor for lung, liver and kidney injury in endotoxin-induced shock.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157276

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This prospective study was performed on 30 consecutive patients (21–75 years old) with acute biliary pancreatitis to evaluate routine cholecystectomy after clinical and biochemical improvement during the first admission to hospital. Three patients refused surgery during the first admission. One patient was not offered surgery because of severe cardiopulmonary disease. One was operated on urgently because of clinical deterioration. Of the remaining 25 patients, 6 had common bile duct exploration in addition to cholecystectomy. There were no deaths. Two patients had complications unrelated to the timing of surgery. Total mean hospitalization was 10 days. There was no recurrence during a 2-year follow-up. Routine early surgery during the first admission for patients with resolving biliary pancreatitis was safe, definitive, and cost-effectiv

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157277

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Seventy-nine patients (35 male, 44 female) under 40 years of age who had undergone arterial surgery or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), except for trauma and thromboembolism, were retrospectively analyzed for risk factors, types of intervention and outcome. Of those patients with renovascular disease (n = 45), fibromuscular dysplasia dominated (71%). Thirty-seven patients had primary reconstruction, 7 had percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) and 1 had a nephrectomy. There was no postoperative mortality within 30 days. One patient died, 3 had nephrectomies later, and 1 had a pole resection during follow-up. At the end of the follow-up, 38 (84%) patients, including 1 with primary nephrectomy, were cured or improved in regard to hypertension, and 7 (16%) did not improve. Of patients with peripheral vascular disease (n = 34), atherosclerosis dominated. There was 1 postoperative death and 1 amputation within 30 days. Because of progressive disease there were 2 late deaths, 3 amputations, 3 repeat procedures, 4 other vascular reconstructions and three cardiocerebrovascular events. With an active and aggressive approach in patients with renovascular disease, the outcome is good. Peripheral arterial surgery in patients under 40 years has a less favorable outcome, probably due to more generalized disease.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157278

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was undertaken to determine the etiology of surgical infections in Kuwait: the incidence, kinds of infections, types of microorganisms involved, and the pattern of mixed infections. Microorganisms were isolated in 320 infections; 180 single organisms, and 140 polymicrobial. Skin and biliary tract infections were caused largely by single organisms, while pelvic infections and intra-abdominal sepsis were predominantly polymicrobial. Aerobic bacteria were the major cause of infection in 162 (50.6%) patients, anaerobes in 57 (17.8%), and mixed in 101 (31.6%). Aerobic bacteria were predominant in skin and biliary tract infections, and infections following gynecological and miscellaneous surgery. Mixed infections were perianal, intra-abdominal sepsis, and infections following bowel surgery. The most common aerobes were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the most common anaerobes were the fragilis group of Bacteroides. The importance of identifying anaerobes in wound infections is stressed in order to choose those antimicrobial agents suitable for prophylaxis and treatment.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157279

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Urea clearance and disposition is studied in perfused human placenta in vitro using a novel perfusion technique of isolated placental lobules. The results on urea clearance compare well with published reports. The study shows the suitability of urea as a reference marker in placental perfusion studies. It is concluded that urea could serve as an effective reference marker in preference to antipyrine in clearance studies of molecules with membrane-limited transfer.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157280

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Both femoral and inguinal hernias may reach a considerable size and cause significant problems without being palpable. Herniography, an interventional radiographic imaging procedure, is little used in Kuwait. Thirteen hernias were found in 7 of the 12 patients who underwent herniography over a 9-month period (August 1986 to April 1987) at Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157281

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger