摘要:

SUMMARYA series of 121 patients who have undergone uretero‐pelvic plastic procedures of various types have been reviewed.We performed the Anderson‐Hynes operation, the Foley Y‐plasty, the intubated ureterotomy of Davis, the unintubated ureterotomy of Casey and other procedures.In our practice the results in the first three procedures mentioned have been superior to all the others.Good and improved results were obtained in 81.9 per cent. of the cases, failures accounted for 18.1 per cent., nephrectomy was found necessary in 4.1 per cent. of the

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIn this survey 504 cases of tumour of the urinary bladder have been classified into 365 of papilloma and 139 of early carcinoma, based in the main on the pathologists' diagnosis but also taking into account the surgeons' clinical assessment.1 In both groups, that is papillomata and early carcinomata which are confined to the epithelium of the bladder, about 70per cent, recur after the first treatment, the recurrences behaving often over many years as benign non‐invasive tumours.2 In 6 per cent.of cases the original diagnosis of papilloma may have been erroneous, because within two years a frank carcinoma had developed.3 In nearly 7 per cent.of cases of papilloma an invasive cancer supervened after an interval of many years.4 The death rate from invasive cancer of all casesoriginally diagnosedas papilloma is 6 per cent. Death occurred at not less than five years and up to sixteen years following the initial diagnosis of papilloma.5 The death rate from invasive cancer of all casesoriginally diagnosedas early carcinoma is 7–9 per cent., death frequently occurring under three years.6 Death from invasive cancer occurs earlier in the early carcinoma group than in the papilloma group although in other respects the two groups are similar.7 Once a bladder has produced papillary tumours its subsequent behaviour is unpredictable, in that no further tumours may occur or tumours may arise at irregular intervals. The later tumours may be single or multiple, situated in any area and arising at any time. They may be benign or malignant.8 Nevertheless all these bladders must be recognised as having the potentiality to produce ultimately a tumour which will become invasive. Until the factors which produce this irregular and unpredictable pattern of tumour activity are discovered, this potentiality should never be under‐estimated.9 Vigilance by regular follow‐up cystoscopy and the effective treatment of recurrences undoubtedly helpS to control tumour growth, even though it cannot prevent

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1 4‐Ethylsulphonylnaphthalene‐1‐sulphonamide has been shown to be carcinogenic to the epithelium of the bladder of the mouse. The female mouse is more susceptible than the male.2 The prior administration of a potent carcinogen, 9: 10‐dimethyl‐1: 2‐benzanthracene, did not significantly affect the yield of tumours induced by the chemical.3 The hyperplastic activity of the agent has been shown to be apparent as early as two days after the start of treatment and to be induced by 0–0025 per cent, of the chemical in the diet of the C57 X IF mouse. There is a considerable variation in the sensitivity of different strains of mouse to its action.4 A number of chemicals of a structure similar to the hyperplastic agent have been tested for hyperplastic activity to the bladder epithelium. Some slight modifications of the structure did not abolish the activity but most of the analogues

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09476.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA review of the literature of torsion suggests that 90 per cent, of cases of torsion lose the testis, 80 per cent, by orchidectomy, 10 per cent, by subsequent ischemic atrophy.Thirty‐eight patients with torsion of the testis treated in Leeds from 1950 to 1962 have been reviewed with the object of improving our diagnosis and assessing the treatment.The condition is not as rare as suggested, and probably three to four patients per year are treated in any busy general hospital.It is primarily a disease of adolescence and any boy below the age of 18 years with an acute painful swelling of the testis and normal urine is probably suffering from torsion and not epididymitis.The predisposing factor in torsion, that is the developmental anomaly, is bilateral.Treatment should be immediate exploration and fixation of the testis, even if the symptoms have subsided and resolution occurred. Fixation should also be carried out in recurrent torsion.The opposite testis should always be explored and fixed at the time of the original operatio

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09477.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA new compound, Negram (nalidixic acid), was used by thirty‐three general practitioners who treated 114 patients suffering from urinary infections. The dose was 4 g. per day for either five, seven, or ten days. The results of treatment were controlled bacteriologically by the examination of the urine.Negram was effectivein vivoandin vitroagainst Gram‐negative organisms, but had no effect upon Gram‐positive infections.Patients tolerated the drug well and only minor side effects are reported.We would like to thank the general practitioners who took part in the trial. Thanks are also due to Dr A. L. Miller, Chemical Pathologist, Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, who investigated the identity of the reducing substance; to Mr B. G. Beesley who carried out the technical work and to Mr P. J. ODonnell who organised the

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09478.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA particularly large kidney stone removed at operation is described and illustrated. The differential diagnosis is discussed. The stone is now in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.I would like to thank Professor George Cunningham and Dr Proger for the interest that they have taken in this case and for accepting the specimen for the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, and Professor Pyrah of Leeds for his advice and help in the production of this paper. I would also like to thank Mr Wade of the Royal Society of Medicine for the help he has given me in obtaining the references of large kidney stones from the literature.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09479.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYOur experience of lower urinary tract tumours in children is summarised. The most common has been the rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder and this has been satisfactorily treated by total cystectomy. Sarcoma of the prostate, with the same histology, has been universally fatal. Hamartomata, particularly neurofibromata, may be responsible for urinary obstruction in infancy and require radical treatment.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09480.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA case of polycythemia associated with metastases from a renal carcinoma removed eighteen years previously is described.Assay of erythropoietic activity in plasma, liver, spleen, bone marrow, and metastases in lung and brain showed increased activity, whilst the remaining normal kidney tissue was within the normal range.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1964.tb09481.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY