ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A series of 120 patients with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), all in acute recurrence at the start of the trial, were treated for 3 months under double‐blind conditions with 1 capsule daily of either the immunobiotherapeutic product Uro‐Vaxom (UV) or a placebo. They were then observed for 3 months without treatment. During the 6 months of the trial a significant decrease was noted in the UV group compared with the placebo group with respect to the number of recurrences of UTI, total consumption of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents, bacteriuria and dysuria. By the sixth month the UV patients were receiving no antibiotics. The final assessment was that UV was significantly more effective than the placebo. UV was well tolerated, with possible mild side effects in only 4 patients. During a further observation period of 5 months, patients who had received UV during the first period had fewer recurrences of UTI than those who had received placebo, confirming the long‐term protective actio

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Despite the many advantages provided by the ureteric stent, it produces a foreign body reaction and increases the risk of infection. We undertook a study on the rate of infection in a group of paediatric patients with ureteric stents; 40 ureteric stents, 6 to 9 F, were used in 36 children undergoing the following procedures: 18 pyeloplasties, 20 antireflux ureteric reimplantations and 2 uretero‐rectal anastomoses. Only patients with sterile urine pre‐operatively were included in the study. All received antibiotic cover in the post‐operative period.Positive urine cultures were found in only 3 patients (7.5%). In spite of this low incidence, the urine specimens collected from all children 1 month after removal of the stent showed a much higher incidence of infection. It was concluded that ureteric stenting is a safe procedure with a low rate of infection provided that antibiotic cover i

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Three patients with inverted papilloma of the ureter are described. A range of histological features was seen, including one showing malignant change. This condition, which is probably more common than previously thought, can be successfully treated by conservative surgery and close follow

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Forty females with urinary stress incontinence (mean age 52 ± 10 years) and 20 age‐matched controls (mean age 49 ± 15 years) underwent complete urodynamic evaluation. In the former group, all patients complained of irritative bladder symptoms (frequency, nocturia, urgency) and 20 of them (Group B) showed detrusor instability (DI); in the other 20 (Group A) a final urodynamic diagnosis of genuine stress incontinence (GSI) was made. Instability was not apparent in Group B at standard filling cystometry, but had to be elicited through aggressively stressing the bladder by provocation tests.In all women the acceleration of flow rate (±, in ml/s2) was calculated from free flow uroflowmetry as the ratio of peak flow divided by the time to peak flow. This parameter did not differ significantly in GSI patients when compared with controls but proved higher in the DI group than in either the controls or the GSI patients.It was concluded that measuring the acceleration of flow rate is a simple and reliable test which improves the accuracy of diagnosis of detrusor instability in stress incontinent

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—We report the results of clean intermittent self‐catheterisation (CISC) in 172 adults (68 male, 104 female). Seven patients were unable or unwilling to master the technique and 145 still remain on CISC, representing a total experience of 6981 patient‐months. Ten patients required readmission: 5 for retraining and 5 for complications (average hospital stay 2.4 days); 123/163 patients catheterised themselves every 3 to 4 h and 92 were continent on CISC; of the 107 patients incontinent prior to starting CISC, 101 were improved; 70 patients had no infections whilst on CISC, the mean infection rate being 1 per 14 patient‐months; 29% of patients experienced persistent urethral bleeding; 156/163 patients were satisfied or very satisfied with CISC and 140 found the technique easy or very easy; 76 patients had never visited their GP for a urinary problem whilst using ClSC and the mean rate was 1 visit per 8 patient‐months. ClSC is an easily learnt technique that is safe and acceptable to patients, and one which places few extra burdens on hospital or community

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The study group consisted of 15 patients with solitary stage T2 bladder tumours treated with transurethral resection (TUR) and subsequent neodymium‐YAG laser irradiation.Ten patients are alive without evidence of cancer 56 to 78 months (mean 67) after treatment; 1 died of cardiovascular disease 2 years after treatment and autopsy revealed no cancer. In 4 patients the treatment failed and cystectomy or external beam radiation was carried out.The long‐term results indicate the combination of TUR and laser irradiation to be beneficial in the management of T2 tumours in selected

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14654.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A group of 8 patients with invasive bladder cancer received fractionated intra‐arterial infusions of the thymidine analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), 150 mg, every 6 to 10 h for 3 days before endoscopic cold cup biopsy to label tumour cells in the proliferative pool (growth fraction). The tumour specimens were fixed and stained by an indirect immunoperoxidase method using anti‐BrdU monoclonal antibody. There was an area which could not be stained with anti‐BrdU monoclonal antibody surrounding the stained area where diffusion effects could be excluded. This indicates a growth fraction<1 and implies that a proportion of the tumour cells in bladder tumours are cycling and contributing to growth. The BrdU labelling index (growth fraction) was determined by counting the number of BrdU labelled cells in the well labelled tissue sections. The average growth fraction of invasive bladder cancer was 38.4 ± 7.7% (range 26.9–48.1%). Grade 3 tumours averaged 42.8 ± 5.4% labelling versus 31.0 ± 4.4% in grade 2. The higher growth fraction may indicate greater biological malignancy. These results indicate that immunohistochemical studies of cell kinetics using BrdU monoclonal antibodies may provide information about the biological characteristics of bladder tu

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14655.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The records of 111 patients with multiple superficial grade 1–2 transitional cell tumours of the bladder treated with intravesical Epodyl and followed up for a mean period of 6.4 years were retrospectively analysed. The study showed that 65% of patients responded completely after 12 weekly instillations and 46% of these remained continuously free of disease for 5 years. An initial complete response to therapy and lower pathological grade seemed to indicate a long‐term successful response to treatment. In patients who failed to respond by 1 year, further therapy was of no benefit. Clearance of bladder disease by 1 year carried a 14% risk of subsequent tumour invasion by 5 years. This risk increased to 75% in those who failed to respond by 1

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14656.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A group of 139 patients with symptoms of bladder outflow obstruction due to benign prostatic hypertrophy were entered into a double‐blind, parallel group, multicentre study of 2 doses of indoramin versus placebo. There were 18 withdrawals or exclusions, leaving 121 patients for anaIysis.After 8 weeks, mean peak flow rates increased more in patients treated with indoramin 20 mgbdthan in those with placebo. The difference between indoramin 20 mgnocteand placebo was not significant. The change in mean peak flow rate for the higher dose of indoramin represented an increase of 50%. Both patients and investigators reported that the patients' symptoms had improved significantly on both indoramin 20 mgbdand 20 mgnocte; 9 patients were withdrawn because of adverse events, 5 taking placebo and 2 in each of the treatment groups.It was concluded that indoramin 20 mgbdwas both effective and well tolerated in the management of symptomatic benign prostatic hypertro

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14657.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY