摘要:

Summary—The treatment of idiopathic hypercalciuric stone formers with the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors flurbiprofen and indomethacin has been studied in two phases. Ten patients were studied in a metabolic unit for 14 days that included a control period of 7 days on a controlled intake of dietary calcium, followed by treatment with flurbiprofen 50 mg tds. Three patients were studied along similar lines and were treated with indomethacin 25 mg tds.A significant reduction in urinary calcium excretion was noted during the 7‐day control period during which dietary calcium intake was reduced to 700 mg daily. No further significant reduction in urinary calcium excretion was observed during the treatment with either flurbiprofen or indomethacin.Thirteen patients then continued to take flurbiprofen 50 mg tds for between 1 and 12 months. A small but not statistically significant reduction in urinary calcium excretion was noted by the third month of treatment, but this was not sustained.This study confirms the benefit of dietary restriction of calcium as the primary approach to the treatment of idiopathic hypercalciuria. Neither flurbiprofen nor indomethacin reduced urinary calcium excretion to significant levels. Their routine use for the treatment of idiopathic hypercalciuria cannot be recommended from the evidence of this st

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07153.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Patients with chronic retention of urine associated with dilated upper tracts have been investigated by means of combined lower tract urodynamics and upper tract renography. It has been shown that minor alterations in bladder volume lead to marked changes in isotope washout from the upper tracts. It is concluded that the practice of slow decompression of the bladder in these patients is clinically impractical, and attention should be directed to the management of the post‐obstructive diuretic state.Further observations have suggested that upper tract drainage in such patients may be dependent upon postural factors, and the practical implication of this finding is discus

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07154.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Fifty patients suffering from the late effects of urinary bilharziasis were studied. A preliminary idea about the incidence of bilharzial cancer in the endemic area of Jeezan is presented. The role of ileal loop ureteric replacement in extensive ureteropathy is emphasised.A scheme is proposed for the categorisation of bilharzial patients on the basis of their symptoms in order to detect complicated cases at the primary medical care leve

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07155.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The clinicopathological features of 49 neoplasms in the retroperitoneum, but not arising directly from a major retroperitoneal organ, are described. Abdominal pain and a mass, urinary tract symptoms and evidence of pressure on venous channels or nerves were common modes of presentation. In 6 cases the neoplasms were found incidentally and in 4 patients removal of the retroperitoneal mass was an elective procedure during the treatment of metastatic testicular germ cell tumour. Histopathological diagnosis revealed 4 major tumour types: germ cell neoplasms, non‐germ cell metastatic carcinoma, soft tissue sarcoma and lymphoma. The differential diagnoses are discussed. A knowledge of the neoplasms to be expected in this site may indicate which pre‐operative investigations should be under

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07156.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The morphology of the rat bladder was studied following 8 weeks of streptozotocin‐induced diabetes, at which stage distension of the bladder had occurred. Evidence is presented for hypertrophy of the smooth muscle of the bladder wall in experimental diabetes. It is suggested that the morphological changes found in the diabetic rat bladder are associated with polyuria. The results are discussed in relation to clinical studies of bladder dysfunction in diabetes melli

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07157.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—In 6 patients with diabetes mellitus and 6 non‐diabetic “controls” referred for urological assessment, sacral electromyelography (SER) and electrical stimulation of the anal reflex were compared with pressure/flow videocystourethrography (VCU) for the detection of sacral neuropathy, whilst electrocardiography (ECG) was used to screen for generalised autonomic neuropathy.Five diabetics had evidence of a neuropathic bladder on VCU and on electrical stimulation all 5 had an absent anal reflex, which may thus prove to be a simple, reliable, non‐invasive screening test for sacral n

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07158.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The “Beehive” sign in a cystogram indicates a primary colonic disease that involves the bladder and results in lower urinary tract sym

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07159.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The morphological response of the bladder surface to acute and chronic urinary tract infection (UTI) was investigated using both scanning and transmission electron microscopy of bladder biopsies taken during routine cystoscopy. Acute bacterial infection only minimally altered bladder epithelium, whereas in chronic infections the surface layers showed gross changes which included loss of the outer layers of epithelial cells and alteration of the bladder contour. In addition, more erythrocytes and polymorphonucleocytes were present in chronic infection. In both acute and chronic urinary infection, bacteria were confined to a limited number of sites on the bladder surface and appeared to be arranged in microcolonies, but more bacteria were attached to bladder surfaces in chronic than in acute UTI. These findings were confirmed by studying epithelial cells shed from patients with proven urinary infections.A few patients who had been treated with antibiotics before cystoscopy and biopsy were also studied. These antibiotics included cephalosporins which had been previously shown to produce bacterial morphological variationsin vitro.Some of these changes were subsequently observed in the biopsies and the results suggest mechanisms whereby bacteria involved in urinary tract infection can survive exposure to antibiotic

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07160.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Radiological, cystoscopic and histological observations were made on 41 cases of urinary stones in a hospital in Zambia. The results of biochemical analysis of 31 of these stones are presented. The possible role ofSchistosoma haematobiumin the causation of urinary stones has been analysed; associated schistosomiasis was diagnosed in 17 cases (41.4%). It is concluded that there is no significant causal association between the two disorders and urolithiasis is an uncommon disease in Zambian

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07161.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The urine of 104 patients with bladder cancer was examined by exfoliative cytology. Three staining methods (Giemsa, Papanicolaou and Oil Red O) were used and the results compared with the histological diagnosis. Giemsa was found to be superior to the other two methods but the highest sensitivity (which was statistically significant) was obtained by a combination of the three method

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1984.tb07162.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY