ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gastric reduction surgery for treatment of morbid obesity has evolved because of the refractory nature of this hazardous disorder. Vertical banded gastroplasty limits food intake by partitioning of the stomach. Guidelines are given here to ensure an adequate nutritional intake and safe weight loss. The rationale, patient selection and biochemical complications are reviewed along with the long‐term management and some of the problems encountere

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was initiated to investigate the dietary practices and to determine adherence to dietary prescription of patients with chronic renal failure treated by haemodialysis at home. Current dietary prescription is reviewed and actual intakes compared with prescribed intakes. Fifty patients were studied (34 men, 16 women) and dietary details obtained using the seven‐day weighed method and dietary history. The most significant finding is the poor intake of dietary fibre, particularly amongst women. Aspects of this finding and other dietary observations are discusse

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to evaluate the effects of food policy implementation, a study was made of food chosen and eaten by male patients on a medium‐stay psychiatric ward at Horton Hospital, Epsom, Surrey. Data was collected for five consecutive days at the same point in the menu cycle inn August of 1985 and 1986. The educational component of the District Food Policy was initiated at this hospital in January 1985.There appeared to be a trend towards a healthier dietary balance in 1986, as significant changes in the proportion of calories derived from fat and carbohydrate were found. Indeed, the distribution of energy in 1986 resembled short‐term NACNE targets (NACNE, 1983). This was observed together with a higher average consumption of dietary fibre, but salt intake appeared to increase as well. These differences are explained in terms of more varied food choices, together with recipe development and changes in catering practice. As expected, long‐term NACNE recommendations (NACNE, 1983) were not fully met at any stage in the study and therefore more awareness and action is required on the part of catering, paramedical and medical staff to achieve dietary goals set out in the district food policy doc

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐five students and staff at Robert Gordon's Institute of Technology completed a food frequency questionnaire and then weighed their food for one week. Several methods of calculating nutrient intakes from the questionnaire are compared to results from the weighed inventory. Intakes of energy and several nutrients calculated using estimated typical portion weights were less than those derived from the weighed inventory. Food groups contributing to the apparent under‐estimation have been identified. A further method of calculation involved derivation of a factor for each food group such that the frequency estimated from the questionnaire multiplied by the factor equalled the average weight of the foods in that group that had been eaten. Using these factors instead of the typical portion weights resulted in closer agreement to the weighed inventory method, but the difference ranged from positive for some groups to negative for others. Use of separate factors for each group of subjects reduced the range of differences to the weighed inventory met

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A short questionnaire to test understanding of the principles of nutrition was designed and administered to 128 patients in a general medical ward.The questionnaire was based on three components: familiarity with nutrition terms, knowledge of the principles of current recommendations, and understanding of the practical application of these recommendations. Although scores for each of the three components of nutrition knowledge correlated strongly with the overall understanding of individuals, there was rather poor correlation between the components, the lowest correlation being between knowledge of theoretical principles and understanding of the practical measures needed to implement current recommendations.Compared with the remainder of the sample, significantly better total scores were recorded by subjects in the age group 20–39 and significantly worse in the age group 60–79. Significantly better scores were also found in subjects who had received dietary advice from a dietit

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The variability of nutrient intake within individuals has been examined using data from a 7‐d weighed inventory record from a population sample of 164 middle‐aged men. Four main aspects of within‐person variation were examined: variation according to day of the week, daily variation as a proportion of individual mean values, daily variation in relation to betweenperson variation, and long‐term variation, in mean daily intake.The intake of some nutrients showed a significant day of the week variation, but apart from alcohol and energy, most of these variations were small. The within‐person coefficient of variation generally showed wide ranges for most nutrients.To assess the individual intake of 90% of the men, to within a s.e. of 10% a weighed record of seven days was sufficient for the calculation of the percentage of energy derived from protein, fat and carbohydrate, but not for nutrients such as linoleic acid and fibre. Seven days was adequate to classify 80% of these men into their appropriate third of true rank order of intake for all dietary constituents studied, except for amounts of linoleic acid and cholesterol.Considerable long‐term stability in mean nutrient intake was shown in the 30 men who completed a 7‐d weighed record after a period of two years but evidence of long term changes in dietary habit w

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A system of data collection and analysis based on patient visits was evaluated over a four‐week period in five districts and a six‐month period in one district by twenty‐five dietitians. Each patient visit was analysed by diagnosis (the problem), by diet (the treatment) and by nutritional care level (the action). The system was seen to encourage self analysis by dietitians and proved a useful educational tool in addition to providing dietetic managers with data on clinical dietetic activity. It was considered successful and well accepted in four of the six dist

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00264.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The development and use of the ‘Work Matrix’ is discussed. This technique is based on and assists in the establishment of an optimum staffing level for a dietetic department, and can be directly related to the development of Job Specifications and Organizational Structures. Whilst the Work Matrix is discussed in terms of hospital dietetic departments, its applicability is not restricted to this sett

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1988.tb00265.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY