ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00532.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00533.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSerological and genetic analyses of H‐2 antigens indicate that each K or D region allele controls two highly polymorphic antigenic sites, the alpha site corresponding to the private specificity and the gamma site corresponding to the long public specificities. Studies of cell surface distribution and biochemical characteristics of the alpha type specificity H‐2.4 and gamma type specificity H‐2.28 in the product of a D region allele, Dd, demonstrate that these specificities are carried on two different polypeptide chains. Accordingly, two distinct and polymorphic genes are postulated to code for the product controlled by the D region o

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00534.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is well known that the major histocompatibility system (MHS) has unique properties pertaining to antigenic strength (Démant, 1973). In the 1973 and 1975 Workshops we investigated alloimmune interactions to try to find out which MHS genes are involved and how they confer antigenic strength. We found that in several models therearespecial antigenic strength conferring and/or controlling genes, that there are probably several such genes unique for each model, situated throughout the mouse MHS (H‐2 complex). For example, the cell mediated lympholysis (CML) controlling genes, the Effector Cell Stimulating (ECS) genes, conferring strength against K and D region antigens are in the I region but separate from the I‐A Lad genes (Festensteinet al., 1974) while the allograft controlling genes, for various rejection models, are in the D region as well as the I region (Festensteinet al., 1975). This is an attempt to bring together the data from these various models to formulate a functional concept of antigenic strength, in relation to its genetic b

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00535.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00536.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYGraft‐versus‐host reaction, after injection of parental thymus cells into F1hybrid recipients, was measured by popliteal lymph node assay in combinations of congenic strains which involve incompatibilities at various regions of the H‐2 gene complex. The results indicate that incompatibility at genes in the I‐A, I‐B regions or their vicinity results in the strongest graft‐versus‐host reaction. Incompatibility at genes associated with the I‐E region also was effective, while no graft‐versus‐host reaction was seen in combinations with I‐C, S, and D r

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00537.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwenty‐six combinations of C57BL/10 congenic mice involving incompatibilities in the I region and the H‐2K or H‐2D regions of the major histocompatibility complex were studied in a cell‐mediated lympholysis assay (CML). All combinations were positive; however, six were unidirectional. Three of these were consistent with the mapping of an effector cell stimulating locus (ECS) between the IB and IC sub‐regions. Possible reasons are given for the negativity of CML in I/H‐2K or H‐2D region incompatible combinations. A statistical method used to analyse the data

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00538.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe influence of M‐locus dependent T cell proliferation on the induction of anti H‐2 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) was tested in anin vitromurine cytotoxic allograft model. BALB/c (or CBA/H) derived responder cells (H‐2dor H‐2k) were cultured together with either C57BL derived fibroblasts or C57BL derived (H‐2b), U.V. light irradiated, splenic lymphocytes. These stimulator cells lack functionally active lymphocyte activating determinants (LADs), but display serologically defined (SD) H‐2 antigenic specificities. The cytotoxic anti SD‐activity obtained was weak. Under certain experimental conditions, the addition of stimulator cells which are H‐2 identical to the responder cells but differ at the M‐locus (either DBA/2 or AKR strain derived) gave an enhanced cytotoxic anti SD H‐2 specificity directed activity (three cell experiments)—findings in keeping with the ‘two signal’ hypothesis for the production of CTL duringin vitroalloimmune interaction: they also suggest that LADs encoded by the M‐locus can, under these circumstances, substitute for MHC I region incompatibility. However, in some experiments, in which M‐locus different third party cells were added to normal one way mixed lymphocyte cultures, a suppressive effect could be observed upon the generation of CTL. Furthermore, 2‐mercaptoethanol together with M‐locus incompatible cells regularly suppressed, rather than amplified, the production of CTL. The addition of mercaptoethanol alone without M‐locus incompatible cells had an amplifying effect on the production of CTL when fibroblast stimulators were used. The roles of M‐locus LADs and mercaptoethanol are clearly compl

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00539.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThirty‐one combinations of congenic and recombinant mouse strains were tested for heart and skin allograft survival times with and without ALS and the results compared with those obtained for MLR and CML. Although the genes for Lads, Ir and Ia specificities are all in the K end, on the average no greater strength of K end incompatibilities than D end were found. Some of the shortest survivals were D region only incompatible.We specifically wanted to find out if there were any special genes concerned with the control of antigenic strength within the H‐2 complex and if so, did they correlate with those already described for CML—the effector cell stimulating or ECS genes. We found no evidence that the ECS genes in themselves were concerned with allograft strength but instead found evidence for certain genes in the I region and others outside the I region which could be acting as allograft potentiating genes. In some combinations there was an association with the ECS genes and the allograft potentiating genes, and we concluded that in these combinations the two types were closely linked but separate.We wanted to know if there was a specific lymphocyte subpopulation concerned with antigenic strength that was sensitive to ALS; the results of our experiments were consistent with this hypothesis but did not pro

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00540.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPassive enhancement of H‐2 incompatible skin allografts was studied in systems where the enhancing serum covered only a restricted number of Ia specificities involved in the incompatibility. Sera reacting with products of the I‐A region were effective at prolonging survival, probably to the same extent as a serum covering all the specificities of the incompatibility. Such sera also inhibited MLR in the same strain combinations. Interpretation of these and other data suggests that products of the I‐B, I‐E and I‐C regions play a subordinate role as target antigens for enhancement. It is concluded that either Ia antigens of different regions have different biological activities or enhancement is a function only of antibodies directed against antigens that stimula

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00541.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY