摘要:

SUMMARYThe ACI or BDIV rats responded with decreased or increased neutrophil levels in blood after the N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea (MNU) administration. The F1 hybrids had decreased neutrophil counts, and the BDIV × (BDIV × AC1)Fl backcross offspring showed two phenotypes. The sex of the rats and the neutrophil response to MNU assorted independently. The results indicated that the neutrophil response to MNU was regulated by autosomal geneNrm‐1with two alleles. TheNrm‐Idregulates the decrease and theNrm‐1iregulates the increase of neutrophils in blood after the MNU administration. The results were confirmed by the SKUMIX computer program.We found that theNrm‐1gene was linked to the agouti locus (chi‐square = 10–3,P<0.001). The map distance between two genes was 33 ± 5 cM. TheNrm‐1gene thus resides on the linka

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00854.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPrevious results obtained in our laboratory showed thatnovel class I antigens, closely related to HLA‐A (TM antigen related to HLA‐A9 and GO antigen related to HLA‐A24), were expressed onactivatedHLA‐A9 or HLA‐A24 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), whatever activation factor was used [mitogenic stimulation (PHA, PWM, Con A), EBV transformation or alloactivation], but not on resting T and B lymphocytes. These antigens were also expressed on HLA‐A9 or HLA‐A24 common acute lymphoblastic leukaemias (CALL) and some ‘immature’ chronic lymphocytic leukaemias (B‐CLL), but not in hairy cell leukaemias (HCL), most of the B‐CLL, acute myeloblastic leukaemias (AML) and acute myelomonoblastic leukaemias (AMoL). In order to investigate the regulation mechanisms of these novel class I antigens, PBL and different leukaemic cell types were treatedin vitrowith recombinant IL‐2 (rIL‐2) and α and γ‐interferon (rIFN). Our results showed that without previous activation, but after culture with rIL‐2, TM and GO antigens could be induced in HLA‐A9 or HLA‐A24 PBL and enhanced in HLA‐A9 or HLA‐A24 B‐CLL cases, whereas no expression was found in HLA‐A9 or HLA‐A24 HCL, T‐ALL, AML or AMoL. After culture with rINFs, the expression of TM and GO antigens could be induced on HLA‐A9 PBL andallHLA‐A9 leukaemic cell varieties. Our results support the hypothesis that the expression of class I anti

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00855.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA comparison of lymphocyte antigens showed that 32 of the 33BoLAantigens defined at the third internationalBoLAworkshop (Bullet al., 1989) corresponded to previously defined local antigens (Stearet al., 1988). The third workshop antigen w18 had no locally defined equivalent. All 32 antigens were shown in family studies to be expressed by autosomal co‐dominant genes, and all 32 workshop antigens were shown to be products of theBoLAsystem. After excluding the supertypic antigens, nearly all animals tested possessed only one or two antigens and there were no observed recombinants in family studies. These results do not exclude the possibility that the 32 workshop antigens are the products of one locus (BoLA

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00856.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo new forms of Mta, the maternally transmitted antigen of the mouse, were defined by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. One is found in laboratory mice carrying the β allele of the maternally transmitted factor,Mtf, which were previously thought to be Mta‐negative. The other is associated with a new allele,Mtfγ, and is found in wild mice from Toulouse. Like the common form of Mta, determined by the extrachromosomalMrfα, the new forms are also dependent on the α allele ofHmt, a chromosomal gene linked toH‐2. and are associated with β2‐microglobulin. Killers could be raised in all six combinations of a, β, and γ mice, showing that each form ofMtfdetermines a distinct (set of) epitope(s). We propose that the product of theHmtgene, a class I MHC antigen, presents a peptide derived from a mitochondrial gene product on the cell surface and thereby creates the target

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYImmunoisoelectrofocusing (IIEF) reveals a microheterogeneity of human serum IgA controlled by an autosomal polymorphic gene, termedS. The microheterogeneity disappears when sialic acid is removed from serum glycoproteins by neuraminidase treatment. It can be postulated, therefore, thatSencodes a sialyltransferase which attaches sialic acid at the outer prosthetic chains of IgA.

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00858.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe CCGG and GCGC sites of the human HLA‐DRα gene are hypermethylated in human tissues (including B‐lymphocytes, T‐lymphocytes, muscle, brain, sperm, skin, kidney, suprarenal and mammary glands) and three B‐lymphoid cell lines. Therefore, the HLA‐DRα gene can be transcribed even though extensively methylated. The only exception to the hypermethylated state of the HLA‐DRα gene is represented by one or both of the two HhaI sites (H1 and H2) localized in the 5’portion of the gene. Analysis of the computer‐generated secondary structure of the HLA‐DRα mRNA suggests that the H1 and H2 sites belong to a region (5′‐GAGCGCCCA‐3′/5′‐UGAGCGCUC‐3′) exhibiting extensive base pairing. Therefore, unmethylation of these CG sites can contribute in preventingmCG→TG/CA changes in this region, which would lead to extensive alterations of the secondary structure of the 5’portion of the HLA‐DRα MRNA.On the other hand, the selective pressure to maintain unaltered the methylated CG dinucleotides in the coding regions of the HLA‐DRα gene could be due to codon restrictions, since the majority of the methylation‐related CG→TG or CG→CA variations would generate aminoacid changes.Accordingly, the analysis of different HLA‐DRα genomic sequences indicates that variations of the CpG dinucleotides o

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00859.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYRearrangements of immunoglobulin genes are mediated by highly conserved heptamer and nonamer recombinational signal sequence. Using a protein‐blotting procedure, a heptamer and nonamer recombinational signal sequence‐specific DNA‐binding protein(s) was examined in the nuclear extracts from lymphoid and nonlymphoid cell lines. Nuclear extracts were subjected to SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and transferred by electroblotting to nitrocellulose filters. Then the filters were hybridized to *P‐labelled synthetic double‐stranded heptamer‐23bp‐nonamer or nonamer‐ l2bp‐heptamer recombinational signal sequence probes. A relatively large amount of a DNA‐binding protein(s) ofM, 115,000 for both probes was detected in the nuclear extracts from immature B and immature T cell lines. No DNA‐binding proteins were detected in a myeloma cell line. Interestingly, this DNA‐binding protein(s) might be able to recognize both heptamer and nonamer. Recombinational signal sequence‐specific DNA‐binding activity of the protein(s) and the presence of the protein(s) in a stage‐specific manner strongly suggest that the protein(s) of M, 115,000 detected here may play an important role in the re

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00860.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYAlloimmunization of BALB/c (H‐2d) female mice with allogeneic spleen cells from C57BL/6 (H‐2b) or CBA/H (H‐2k) mice protects BALB/c offspring from graft‐versus‐host disease (GVH‐D) following neonatal intraperitoneal inoculation of high doses of spleen cells respectively of C57BL/6 or CBA/H strains of mice.The mice survived GVH‐D over one year after the allogeneic inoculum 24–48 h after birth and they did not show any signs of GVH reaction nor splenomegaly. We show that this phenomenon is antibody mediated and affects the developing immune system of the foetus.Repeated immunization of virgin female BALB/c with allti‐H‐2bor anti‐H‐2kantisera (Abl) can equally abrogate GVH‐D in their newborn offspring challenged at 24–48 h after birth with allogeneic spleen cells of H‐2bor H‐2kphenotype.Our results demonstrate that protection from GVH‐D is not specific to the immunizing strain and occurs when the neonatal mice are challenged with C57BL/6 or CBA/H spleen cells. There is thus crossreactivity of tolerance against H‐2 specificities. In this study we also report on thein vitrocellular immune responses of the surviving GVH‐resistant mice and demonstrate that these responses against both the challenge and

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00861.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSubcutaneous inoculation ofLeishmania mexicanaamastigotes into the shaven rumps of DBA/2 mice results in a unique ‘no lesion growth’ phenotype not observed in other mouse strains. Statistical analysis (Kolmogorov‐Smirnov and log likelihood tests) of lesion diameters in F1, F2 and backcross progeny from (C57BL/6 × DBA/2) matings indicate that segregation between lesion growth and no lesion growth phenotypes comes under single gene control. The gene has been designatedScl‐2for susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis locus 2. Preliminary mapping studies using 12 of the 26 BXD recombinant inbred mouse strains suggest a location forScl‐2nearXmmv‐8on a region of mouse chromosome 4 showing homology with human 9p. The identification and mapping of this murine resistance gene could provide an important tool for genetic analysis of susceptibility and resistance to cutaneous leishman

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00862.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSeveral reports have shown that HLA‐B8,DR3 positive subjects may display some changes in immune parameters when compared with HLA‐B8,DR3 negative ones and are prone to develop several immunological diseases. In the present study we have analysed the proliferative response to phytohaemagglutin (PHA) in HLA‐typed healthy subjects. A twin method was also employed to assess the role of genetic and environmental factors in the regulation of the response to the mitogen. It was not possible to demonstrate any difference in proliferative response to optimal doses of PHA between groups of subjects carrying or not carrying the HLA‐B8,DR3 phenotype. When suboptimal responses were studied, however, the results showed that ly‐mphocyte responses were significantly decreased in HLA‐B8,DR3 positive subjects compared with the negative ones. Moreover, the experiments performed with twins demonstrated that environmental factors were more important than genetic factors in the proliferative response to mitogen. The fact that the HLA‐B8,DR3 phenotype affects the suboptimal response to PHA although environmental factors are more important than genetic factors in the response to the mitogen seems of some interest. However, these results could be consistent with the high incidence of autoimmune disorders among HLA‐B8,DR3 posit

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1990.tb00863.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY