摘要:

SUMMARYImmunological responses to heterotopic (L BN)F1cardiac allografts placed in untreated L rats were compared with those grafts enhanced by different treatment regimens. Host pretreatment by antigen and antibody (Ag-Ab) 11 and 10 days before transplantation, respectively, was the most effective treatment regimen for prolongation of graft function; active or passive immunization alone increased survival only modestly. A late dose of antiserum administered to Ag-Ab-pretreated animals significantly shortened graft survival. Patterns of cellular responsiveness were measured serially by lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity; humoral immunity by Ab-lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, capillary hemagglutination, and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Allograft rejection in animals of all groups was heralded in vitro by increasing immunological activity. All cellular and humoral responses were depressed consistently in Ag-Ab-pretreated recipients. Cellular but not humoral responses were decreased in Ag-pretreated hosts, while humoral but not cellular responses were decreased in Ab-treated animals. The results suggest that the in vitro determinants of immunological activity used in this study generally followed clinical patterns of rejection or enhancement of cardiac allografts in the rat. Recipient pretreatment with Ag and Ab is more effective in graft prolongation than treatment with Ag or Ab alone, and in vitro data suggest an additive effect of these two regimens.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYWe have looked at the effect of in vivo cortisone acetate treatment on effector cells for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in mice and rats, using both chicken erythrocytes and the mouse lymphoma cell line AKR.A as target cells, since the AKR.A cell line is susceptible to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity killing only by the lymphoid effector cell, whereas a wide variety of effector cells will lyse chicken erythrocytes in the presence of antibody. The lymphoid K cell, detectable in rat spleen and blood, was unaffected by steroid treatment sufficient to cause lymphopenia, whereas splenic anti-chicken erythrocyte cytotoxicity of whole spleen and of phagocyte-free spleen was depressed in mice and rats. The greatest suppression was seen with non-phagocytic mouse spleen, and may have been in part attributable to steroid-induced redistribution of the effector cell(s), since the cytotoxic capacity of nonphagocytic bone marrow cells was increased by 70% at a time when the activity in spleen was 25% of normal.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYFive inbred strains of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were examined for the presence of disparity at a genetic region similar to the major histocompatibility complex in other species. Vigorous reciprocal alloreactions developed in several strain combinations, which resulted in acute skin graft rejection, strong mixed lymphocyte reactions, and potent graft-versus-host reactions. In addition, we found evidence for an immune response gene which controls the antibody response to bovine serum albumin. Patterns of alloreactivity observed for skin graft rejection, graft-versus-host reactivity, and mixed lymphocyte reactivity are compatible with the hypothesis that hamsters possess a major histocompatibility complex, but the absence of discernable disparity at a serologically defined locus makes a definitive statement premature.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe genetic control of the histocompatibility antigens that induce strong alloreactions in Syrian hamsters was examined. Genetic studies revealed that the alloantigens involved in skin graft rejection, graft-versus-host reactions, and mixed lymphocyte reactions are under dominant single gene control and that these genetic loci are closely linked. These data suggest that this strong histocompatibility locus (i) may represent the major histocompatibility complex equivalent in this species, and this locus or group of loci has been called Hm-1. In addition, studies concerning the genetic control of the immune response to bovine serum albumin suggest that the high response is under dominant, single gene control; however, this gene is not linked to Hm-1.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effects of allogeneic stimulations on the hemopoietic system were investigated. Spleen cells of mice activated in vivo with alloantigens were able to produce highly active colony-stimulating factor in the culture medium without any stimulation. But spleen cells of these mice could not release colony-stimulating factor after treatment in vitro with anti-Θ serum and complement. The number of granulopoietic progenitor cells (colony-forming unit-culture) in both bone marrow and spleen cells of mice treated with such procedures was significantly greater than that of the control, and the number of pluripotent stem cells (colony-forming unit-spleen) of these mice was markedly increased compared with that of the control, especially in spleen cells. These experiments suggest that T lymphocytes activated in vivo with alloantigens may release active substances in the differentiation and proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYSpecific suppressor cells were demonstrated in rats that had carried tolerated skin allografts for long periods of time after being rendered tolerant at birth. These suppressor cells were able to transfer tolerance to sublethally irradiated syngeneic recipients and to inhibit cytotoxic antibody production in normal syngeneic recipients. Suppressive activity of these cells was shown to be radiosensitive. The presence of suppressor cells in tolerant animals was attributable to neonatal tolerance induction and not to skin grafting of neonatally treated animals. In some cases spleen cells from tolerant animals transferred adoptively or induced permanent tolerance to skin grafts, which suggests a long-lasting active mechanism of tolerance.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYAutolymphocytotoxic antibodies are found commonly in dialysis patients and these autoantibodies may be directed against T and B lymphocytes or just B lymphocytes. However, these autoantibodies react with a low frequency or not at all against chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, and are not absorbed by autologous erythrocytes. Thus, a number of positive crossmatches between donor and recipient may be attributable to autoantibodies. Six renal transplants have been carried out in the presence of such a positive crossmatch against donor B lymphocytes, including one against donor T lymphocytes, with a successful graft outcome. Thus, the indications for renal transplantation in the presence of a positive cross-match between donor and recipient are becoming better defined.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID