摘要:

In the summer and early autumn of 1960, 1961 and 1962, noctule bats flying low, taking house crickets as these flew from a municipal rubbish tip, were captured in mist nets, ringed, released and in many cases recaptured a number of times. The flying bats showed no fear of human beings or predatory birds and did not learn to avoid the net. In June and July of each year the majority of bats caught were adult females, the flying young of the year first appearing in August though some did not fly until September and October. Young males did not reach sexual maturity in the year of their birth, though five out of fourteen females recaptured at a year old did. There was a considerable movement of adult males in the late summer, adult bats being captured in approximately equal numbers of both sexes during August and September. In October the females seemed to disappear, the majority of the bats caught during that month being males: by November the crickets had ceased to fly and no more bats could be captured though a few wero still flying on warm nights. There was a marked difference in feeding behaviour over these three years, the bats concentrating more on crickets in 1960 than in 1961 and 1962. Though the differences are not statistically significant there were indications of an increase in body weight between July and October in the years when less cricket feeding was occurring. About 50 per cent of the females captured in each of the years 1960 and 1961 were recaptured feeding on the same site in the following year: the recovery rate of males was about 30 per cent in 1961, 60 per cent in 1962.

ISSN:0370-2774    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05163.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Observation on the shore show that the density of the population of the prosobranchHydrobia ulvaeand of the bivalveMacoma balthicaat Whitstable varies considerably With the grade of deposit, dense populations being found in fine deposits and sparse populations in coarse deposits. From laboratory experiments it seems probable that these animals feed by abstracting proteins, which can be assessed as nitrogen, from the bodies of microorganisms in the deposits and that the micro‐organisms are more abundant in fine deposits than in coarse ones.As a result of these conclusions it is suggested that the rapid increase in population density ofHydrobia ulvaeandMacoma balthica, and by inference of other deposit‐feeders, towards regions of fine‐grained deposits is attributable to the increase in density of the micro‐organism population. this, in turn, is related to the surface area of the deposits rather than to the abundance of organic debris.Finally, the nature of detritus is discussed and it is recommended that this term is replaced by “organi

ISSN:0370-2774    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two species and one subspecies of the family Solpugidae are described as new, viz.Zeriassa luxeniandSolpuga strepsiceros nocturnusfrom the Kruger National Park, E. Transvaal,Solpugema broadleyifrom Southern Rhodesia.Three new species of the family Daesiidae are also described, two,Broomiella browniandHemiblossia termitophila, from South West Africa, one,Blossiola singularis, from the Kruger National Park.A supplementary description is given of the two sexes ofSolpuga celeripesHirst, described in 1911 from Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia.

ISSN:0370-2774    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and thirty‐seven mammals of eleven different species, collected during late December and early January of 1961‐62 and 1962‐63 in northern Saudi Arabia, are reported. Collections were made during an ectoparasite survey conducted for the Trans‐Arabian Pipeline Company. Behavioural and bionomic information is included when available. The species of fleas taken from each host species are also

ISSN:0370-2774    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The eyes of prosobranch molluscs lack adequate description but it is usually supposed that they are incapable of forming sharp retinal images. The eye ofLittorina littorea(L.) is re‐described and consideration of its structure and optical properties suggest that it is adequate for form vision and that there is a method of accommodatio

ISSN:0370-2774    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The development of the jugular and cerebral veins and adjacent lymphatic vessels inHepsetus, Salmo, Amia, Acipenser, Neoceratodus, ScylliumandSqualushas been studied on a large embryological material. The reconstruction method has been applied. There has been much confusion in the literature on head veins. This is partly due to the rather schematic investigations of e.g. van Gelderen, and partly to the publications of de Beer and Holmgren, paying no regard to the lymphatic vessels. The currently new features on the v. capitis medialis are that in adult fishes a larger part of the vein remains than was earlier believed. It usually consists of three portions. No secondary vein takes part in the constitution of the jugular vein, as was supposed by de Beer, Holmgren and others. In actinopterygians the secondary vein is in reality represented by the anterior portion of the v. cardinalis anterior as well as of all the v. capitis lateralis, and in elasmobranchs it is only represented by the former portion. The elasmobranchian (exceptSqualus) jugular vein is instead formed from the v. capitis lateralis, and in teleostomes andSqualusit is developed from two veins, viz. the anterior portion of the v. capitis medialis and all the v. capitis lateralis. The latter vein is formed from two (teleostomes) or three (elasmobranchs) loops. The v. cardinalis anterior becomes completely atrophied inSqualus, and partly atrophied inAcipenser, AmiaandNeoceratodus.The development of the three main cerebral veins is described. van Gelderen's classification of the v. cerebralis media is criticized. And so also is his hypothesis for the evolution of the head veins in fishes. It is suggested that theHepsetustype is primitive and that theAcipenserandAmiatypes have evolved from it or from a similar type.NeoceratodusandSqualushave rather specialised types, which seem to have evolved separately right from the base of the system.

ISSN:0370-2774    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0370-2774    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY