摘要:

Four new methods are outlined for the synthesis of polyethylene glycols.Ethylene glycol heated to 190 °C. with 0.3% of its weight of iodine as a catalyst loses water to form diethylene- and other polyethylene glycols. The reaction is progressive and reversible. The yield of polyethylene glycols is about 25%.The other three methods consist of modifications of a general method in which one mole of the dichloro derivative of a polyethylene glycol (the chlorine atoms forming the terminal groups) reacts with two moles of the monosodium salt of a polyethylene glycol. For this reaction the monosodium salt is obtained by one of the following methods: (a) direct solution of metallic sodium in the glycol; (b) reaction of metallic sodium with a methanol solution of the glycol in presence of anhydrous ether; (c) evaporation of a solution of the glycol and concentrated sodium hydroxide under diminished pressure.Proof of the structure of these compounds is afforded by their analyses, their refractive indices, and their conversion into the corresponding dichloride by the action of thionyl chloride in pyridine solution.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr36b-011

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1936

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Further experiments have been made on the kinetics of the decomposition of nitrous oxide on the surface of platinum. Observations on the effect of foreign gases confirm the previous conclusion that inert gases may exert a surprisingly large retarding effect by hindering the diffusion of the reactant to the more remote parts of a porous catalyst.Adsorption measurements have also been made, and their bearing on the mechanism of the reaction is discussed.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr36b-012

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1936

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The values of the so-called polarization of methyl ether (liquid and saturated vapor) and propylene (liquid and saturated vapor), from room temperature to the critical temperature, are given. In both liquids this polarization is independent of the temperature to within a few degrees of the critical temperature. Calculations show that the polarizations of a liquid and its saturated vapor may be equal above the critical temperature, even though the dielectric constants of the liquid and its saturated vapor, as well as their densities, are different.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr36b-013

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1936

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

A modification of the dilatometer method for measuring the density of liquids which can be applied over a large temperature range and up to the region of the critical temperature is described. The densities of methyl ether and propylene have been measured over the temperature range 7°–120 °C. and 20°–88 °C. respectively, with an accuracy of 1 part in 2000. A comparison is made with the data of other investigators. Application of the data to the law of corresponding states shows that the law holds to within the accuracy attained up to temperatures at least 0.96 of the critical.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr36b-014

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1936

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Iodine is taken up by polyvinyl alcohol from aqueous solution according to the adsorption isotherm. From aqueous methyl and ethyl alcohol solutions, the sorption obeys Henry's law. One electrolyte measured was absorbed by the colloid. The relation of Kroeker between weight of adsorbent and sorption of adsorbate, keeping total adsorbate constant, holds only at higher concentrations of adsorbent. Pre-absorption of an electrolyte does not materially affect adsorption of iodine by polyvinyl alcohol. The nature of the blue polyvinyl alcohol-iodine complex is discussed.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr36b-015

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1936

数据来源: NRC