摘要:

The haemolysis of horse erythrocytes by saponin or by lysolecithin,in vitro, is powerfully accelerated in the presence of phenothiazone, thiazine S-methyl sulphonium perchlorate, and especially the urinary conjugate, potassium leucophenothiazone sulphate. Bile salt haemolysis is only slightly affected.Sheep cells are more resistant to haemolysis and to its acceleration by these derivatives.Phenothiazone does not produce photodynamic haemolysis.This acceleration of haemolysis is suggested as an explanation of the haemolytic anaemia frequently observed in some species after treatment with phenothiazine.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr42d-023

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1942

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The method devised to measure surface contamination on shell eggs was to wash eggs with water in a "Waring blendor" and make bacteriological and mould counts on the wash water. To determine the degree of internal contamination, a small electric hand drill was used to cut holes in the shell in order to remove the egg contents under sterile conditions. The egg meats were mixed in the blendor before plating.External mould growth, after storage for six weeks, under adverse conditions of both temperature and humidity, did not bear any close relation to the amount of mould contamination initially present on the shell. Both oil dipping and handling stimulated the growth of external moulds.Internal spoilage, as determined by candling at the end of the storage period, was greatest for eggs having a high initial shell count and least for those with a low initial count. Oiling, or disinfecting with hydrogen peroxide followed by an oil dip, did not reduce spoilage. Storage life was increased by strict observance of recognized sanitary practices.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr42d-024

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1942

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Three replicate lots of eggs, each divided into half-case (15 doz.) sets on the treatments used, were stored at 70° F. and 90% relative humidity for 35 days. Different sets of eggs were conditioned at 32°, 40°, 60°, and 70° F. before being placed in the humidity chamber, but no resulting effect of initial condensate on the eggs and packaging material was demonstrated.Under the conditions of this experiment, oil treatment by the best commercially applicable method, followed by packaging in sealed egg-case liner bags, was found to retard greatly the development of internal defects and severe external mould. Oil treatment alone was definitely beneficial, but the use of egg-case liner bags on untreated eggs was detrimental. While these experiments show that the method of oil treatment combined with bagging was efficacious in these laboratory scale tests, the results obtained from three small test shipments to Great Britain were not in agreement, and indicated that somewhat different storage conditions may be encountered in the export of shell eggs in non-refrigerated holds. The length of time of storage may also be expected to influence directly the degree of spoilage.Differential spoilage of eggs located in the central and top and bottom trays within the case, and at the periphery and in the interior of individual trays, was also noted under certain conditions. This is considered to indicate the importance of humidity gradients within the case.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr42d-025

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1942

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Untreated eggs and eggs oiled and sealed in egg-case liner bags were stored for six weeks in standard export cases (a) at 70° F. and 90% relative humidity continuously, (b) at 65° F. and 95% relative humidity alternating with 75° and 70% every two days, the dew point consequently always remaining below 65° F., and (c) at 60° F. alternating with 80° every three days, both at 90% relative humidity, but the dew point varying from 57° to 77° F. respectively. Spoilage was least under the second set of conditions and greatest under the third. The indications were that within rather wide limits, microbiological development was dependent primarily upon storage conditions rather than upon the quantity of inoculum on the surface of the eggs at the beginning of storage. The bags used had little effect on intracase temperatures.Under conditions (a) and (c) oiling and bagging reduced internal mould and rot but did not significantly affect the development of external mould; under conditions (b) internal spoilage was uniformly low in both treated and control eggs. All oiled and bagged eggs were in better physical condition after storage than were the untreated, having smaller air cells, freer yolks, and less distinct yolk shadows. Variations in the incidence of spoilage within cases occurred and are attributed to intracase temperature and humidity differentials.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr42d-026

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1942

数据来源: NRC