摘要:

AbstractC57BL/6JKt female mice mated to A/JKt males were each injected im with 50 mg/kg triamcinolone 13 days post‐VP, and the roles of a number of nongenetic factors underlying variability in the frequency of cleft palate (CP) induced in the fetuses were analyzed. Litter size and number of young per uterine horn, overall, were not significantly related to the CP rate. But nearly one‐quarter of litters (almost all larger‐sized ones) contained CP rates deviating from — mostly less than — expected on a random basis. Analysis of litters with deviant CP distribution, as well as of all suitable litters, indicated that only maternal treatment‐day weight was significantly associated, inversely, with CP frequency — in spite of the treatment dosage having been weight‐based. There was no clear relation between the CP and resorption rates; but litters with deviant CP distribution had a significantly greater resorption rate than the others. Fetal weight was inversely related to CP rate even in litters of uniform size. Fetuses occupying uterine positions immediately caudal to those with CP had a significantly higher CP rate than those next to normals, and conceptuses caudal to resorptuses a significantly higher resorption rate than those next to surviving fetuses; but the reverse was not true: CP and resorption rates were not greater in those next to resorptuses and surviving fetuse

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPregnant golden hamsters were injected ip with 2.5–20 mg/kg ochratoxin A on one of gestation days 7–10. The largest dosages when given on day 7, 8, or 9 increased prenatal mortality and on day 9 diminished fetal growth. Malformations, such as micrognathia, hydrocephalus, short tail, oligodactyly, syndactyly, cleft lip, micromelia, and heart defects occurred, but no skeletal malformations were noted. These results add to the prenatal effects of ochratoxin A previously reported in mouse, rat, and chicken embr

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChromosome studies of a therapeutically aborted male fetus, after amniocentesis of a 41‐year‐old woman, showed an abnormal karyotype of 47,XY, + 18. The fetus had many of the external anomalies described in newborns with trisomy 18; macrodissection revealed many internal anomalies consistent with this syndrome. The external and internal findings are descri

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA spontaneously aborted human male fetus of 94 mm crown‐rump length had multiple malformations including atresia of the esophagus with tracheoesophageal fistula, anorectal agenesis, anomalies of the heart and great vessels, kidneys, bladder, and left testis, and a single umbilical artery. This association of defects has not previously been described in a fetus at this immature stage of developmen

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfants born in New England with congenital heart defects were examined for association with time of year or population density. Moderate seasonal peaks in births were noted for complex ventricular septal defect, malposition defects, and transposition of the great arteries. Positive associations with population density were found for pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, ventricular septal defect with secondary anomalies, and tricuspid atresia.

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFollowing administration of single oral doses of [14C] ethylenethiourea (ETU) to pregnant rats maternal blood maintained peak radioactivity for 2 h, and the radioactivity was dispersed uniformly between the red blood cells and plasma. The level of radioactivity was distributed equally among several maternal tissues but was present in lower amounts in embryos. Twenty‐four hours after treatment all tissues examined, except blood, were relatively clear of radioactivity and 72.8% of the total radioactivity given had been excreted in the urine. Elution patterns of metabolites from Sephadex separation suggested that ethylenethiourea was degraded very little. The teratological mechanism is discusse

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe amino acids γ‐aminobutyric acid, taurocholate, guanidine, glycine, and β‐alanine, known to have putative functions as neurotransmitters, when given as supplement to carbachol or decamethonium, greatly reduced the incidence of malformations produced in chicken embryos by these depolarizing cholinomimetic teratogens. In combination with the nondepolarizing teratogens neostigmine and pyridostigmine similarly beneficial effects occurred only by supplementation with γ‐aminobuty

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 4319 infants examined at birth who were without major birth defects those with a “remarkable” pregnancy outcome, i.e., low birth weight (<2500 g). long gestation ( ≥ 43 weeks), stillborn, or twin status, were more likely to have a minor birth defect than the remainder. With regard to the 2 most frequent defects, simian crease and folded helix, the increase in the former was of about the same order (1.6–2.1‐fold) in those with remarkable outcome of all types, but the increase in the latter was particularly great in twins (∼︁ 3.1‐fold) compared with the other remarkable outcomes (∼︁ 1.3‐fold). With regard to variants, which were defined as those features scored that occurred in 4% or more of the newborn population, some (flat and small hemangioma on face and scalp, Brushfield spots, flat nasal bridge, hyperflexed thumbs, hydrocele, and mild calcaneovalgus) exhibited a trend towards negative association with low birth weight and a trend to positive association (with exception of hemangioma and calcaneovalgus) with long gestation, suggesting they may simply be indirect markers of gestational age. There was a trend to a slight decrease in the frequency of minor defects with increasing maternal age, similar to the tr

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe chromosome complement and anatomical development of 10–16‐gday rabbit embryos were studied following delayed fertilization. Preimplantation loss was 40% in the experimental group compared with 17% in control animals. Also, a greater number of embryos retarded in growth or with structural anomalies was seen in the delayed‐mated group. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a trisomy for a small metacentric chromosome in 104 control embryos. Only 1 triploid embryo was found in 84 implantation sites from rabbits that had been delayed mated. The incidence of triploidy postimplantation was much less than the 13% found previously in 6‐day blastocysts. Increased embryonic loss at the time of or shortly after implantation may be responsible for the disc

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPretreatment of pregnant BALB/c mice with several low doses of tolbutamidc protected against the fetolethal effects of a high dose. Pregnant mice were given single ip injections of 400 mg/kg in saline on day 13; 100 mg/kg/day on clays 10, 11, 12, and 13; or 100 mg/kg/day on days 10, 11, and 12 and 400 mg/kg on day 13. On day 16 the single‐treatment group had a significantly higher resorption rate than any other group. Fetolethality was not related to hypoglycemia. The protective effect of pretreatment may have been due to induction of maternal microsomal enzyme

ISSN:0040-3709    

DOI:10.1002/tera.1420130111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY