摘要:

AbstractAn earlier version of the following paper was presented at a conference on Quantitative Modelling in theManagement of Health Care, organised by the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, and held at Salford University on 19th September 1994.

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study contributes to the understanding of the demand for cigarettes by taking into account the interdependence of smoking and other behavioural risk factors. Information on smoking and other behavioural risk factors including drinking, alcohol use, and obesity were obtained from the California Behavioural Risk Factor Survey for the period 1985–91. A monthly cigarette price index for California was constructed based on data obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A two‐part model was used to examine separately the effect of price on the decision to be a smoker, and on the amount of cigarettes smoked by smokers. The overall price elasticity of cigarettes was estimated at −0.46, with a price elasticity of −0.33 for smoking participation and of −0.22 for the amount of cigarettes consumed by smokers. The inclusion of other behavioural risk factors reduced the estimated price elasticity for smoking participation substantially, but had no effect on the conditional price elasticity for the quantity of cigarett

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper uses an econometric specification based on the health production function approach to examine the importance of lifestyles for adult health. The approach treats health practices such as eating breakfast, smoking, and exercise as inputs into the production of good health; several output measures are explored. The econometric models estimated with data from the 1985 Health Interview Survey show broad agreement with conventional wisdom about the importance of healthy lifestyles. This paper also investigates the role schooling plays in the production of good health. Schooling is found to be related to good health even after controlling for differences in observable health inputs. However, lack of support for a plausible specification of the productive efficiency hypothesis casts some doubt on the interpretation that schooling increases the efficiency of the household production of health.

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs detailed costing may be a time‐consuming and expensive exercise within an evaluation, economists will be conscious of the possibilities of taking short‐cuts. To explore the viability of such approaches in the context of acute care (the surgical treatment for colorectal cancer), we compare the results of a detailed costing study with reduced list costing and econometric estimation. We conclude, first, that use of a reduced list is likely to generate substantial research economies only at the expense of inaccuracy. Second, crude costing, based upon average costs of the specialty, is acceptable when the frame of reference is the aggregate. Such crude costing, however, is vulnerable to bias when specific sub‐samples of patients are to be considered. Finally, total costs are predictable from a restricted list of cost and event variables, and with a high degree of accuracy, althoughex antespecification of the functional form is proble

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper develops an economic model of the market for treatment of waiting list conditions, in which complainants choose between private treatment, NHS treatment and no hospital treatment. This choice depends on a number of clinical and non‐clinical factors, which enter the demand functions for private and NHS treatment. Among the key influences are the price of private treatment and the expected duration of wait for NHS treatment, both of which are endogenous variables in the model. Given a pair of private sector and NHS supply functions, expressions are obtained for the price and expected wait at which demand and supply are simultaneously equated in both the private sector and the NHS. The paper concludes by exploring the responsiveness of the equilibrium to various demand side and supply side shock

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe large industry which has grown up around the estimation of nursing requirements for a ward or for a hospital takes little account of variations in nursing skill; meanwhile nursing researchers tend to concentrate on the appropriate organisation of the nursing process to deliver best quality care. This paper, drawing on a Department of Health funded study, analyses the relation between skill mix of a group of nurses and the quality of care provided.Detailed data was collected on 15 wards at 7 sites on both the quality and outcome of care delivered by nurses of different grades, which allowed for analysis at several levels from a specific nurse‐patient interaction to the shift sessions. The analysis shows a strong grade effect at the lowest level which is 'diluted' at each succeeding level of aggregation; there is also a strong ward effect at each of the lower levels of aggregation. The conclusion is simple; you pay for quality car

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9230    

DOI:10.1002/hec.4730040110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY