ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The worldwide epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases fuels the global spread of HIV. The implications of this are that sexually transmitted diseases, many of which can be readily diagnosed and treated, contribute significantly to the transmission of a fatal infection, cumulative cases of which are projected to reach 30 million by the year 2000. Successful control of sexually transmitted diseases could significantly alter the future course of the HIV pandemic.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The geographic variation in herpes simplex virus type 2 prevalence and behavioural risk factors continues to be defined. Diagnostic techniques for genital herpes are also improving. Acyclovir remains the treatment of choice for genital herpes, but of concern is the description of a case of acyclovir-resistant recurrent genital herpes in a patient with normal immune function. The apparent success of a therapeutic vaccine for recurrent genital herpes with a 25% reduction in recurrences is exciting news with possible implications for the management of other chronic viral infections. Prospective studies have helped clarify the psychological morbidity associated with genital herpes. The epidemiology of human papillomavirus is becoming clearer with the use of highly sensitive detection methods and as a result of studies elucidating sexual behaviour and other risk factors. However, the diagnostic criteria for clinical and subclinical human papillomavirus infection and genital dysplasia remain unclear.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fifteen mycoplasmas and possibly one other are recorded as being of human origin. Of these, seven are considered to be 'genital', in that they are found more often in the genitourinary tract than the respiratory tract or elsewhere. There has been debate as to where the primary site of colonization ofMycoplasma genitaliummight be as a consequence of its detection, together withMycoplasma pneumoniaein the respiratory tract. However, studies since the development of the polymerase chain reaction reveal it to be more associated with the genitourinary tract and a likely cause of nongonococcal urethritis in men. In contrast,Mycoplasma fermentanswas thought to have a urogenital niche, but studies using the polymerase chain reaction show it to be more closely associated with the respiratory tract. The notion that it is involved in the pathogenesis of AIDS remains contentious, but this issue has been somewhat overshadowed by reports that the newly discovered mycoplasmaMycoplasma penetransis strongly associated with HIV positivity and also with Kaposi's sarcoma. These aspects and some others pertaining to the genital mycoplasmas are the subject of this review.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although a frequent urogenital pathogen, both clinical and basic research involving Trichomonasvaginalishas remained sparse. Greater interest inT. vaginalismay, however, arise with its implication as a risk factor in HIV transmission and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Given the emergence of resistant strains and the limitations of parasite detection, treatment and diagnosis have dominated clinical research. Studies of pathogenesis have mainly involved parasite adhesin proteins and extracellular virulence factors, although parasite stress factors, animal models andT. vaginalisviruses are also being investigated.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The rates of decline of genital gonococcal and chlamydial infections worldwide are encouraging. Recent developments in laboratory diagnostic and screening methods, oral single-dose therapy and new knowledge of the immunobiology of these pathogens offer the promise of a vaccine and opportunities to design innovative strategies for their control and ultimate eradication.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The current epidemic of syphilis is the focus of renewed attention. Although developed countries have achieved some measure of control, high rates of syphilis in less developed countries have resulted in a resurgence of complicated infections such as congenital disease and neurosyphilis. Coinfection with syphilis and HIV is a continuing enigma. Some progress has been made in our understanding of the negative outcomes of pregnancy and the effect that HIV has on the clinical presentation and serologic response after treatment.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The pathogenesis of Sexually transmitted Diseases and urinary tract infections involves the ascent of bacteria into the urinary tract, establishment of significant bacteriuria and the induction of a host response. This review summarizes studies that have been published over the past year on aspects of bacterial adherence, hemolysin, invasion, induction of cytokine responses, mechanisms of neutrophil recruitment and the treatment of Sexually transmitted Diseases and urinary tract infections.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Over the past year, publications on clinical Sexually transmitted Diseases and urinary tract infections have formed two broad categories. The first comprises syntheses of our understanding of management of common problems such as uncomplicated Sexually transmitted Diseases and urinary tract infections in young women and asymptomatic bacteriuria in aged women. The second comprises explorations that expand knowledge in other patient populations: pregnant women, symptomatic aged women, men, spinal injured people, and patients requiring assistance with urinary drainage.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID