摘要:

AbstractA therapeutic highly purified von Willebrand factor (vWF) concentrate has been prepared from cryoprecipitate by a three‐step chromatographic procedure. After solvent/detergent treatment to inactivate viruses, the cryoprecipitate solution was chromatographed on DEAE‐fractogel TSK 650 M to separate vWF from most cryoprecipitate proteins, including factor VIII (FVIII) and fibrinogen. A second DEAE‐fractogel TSK 650 M was then performed to further purify vWF and to allow concentrating it to over 100 U ristocetin cofactor activity/ml. The last step on immobilized gelatin removed fibronectin and increased the purity of vWF. vWF was recovered with about 18 and 40% yield in antigen and collagen‐binding (CB) activity, respectively, from cryoprecipitate. vWF was obtained in an essentially pure state corresponding to a purification factor of over 10,000‐fold from plasma. Immunonephelometric and SDS‐PAGE analyses of the concentrate did not reveal any detectable cryoprotein contaminants, especially fibrinogen, fibronectin, immunoglobulins and albumin. The content in intermediate‐ and high‐molecular‐weight multimers in the concentrate was similar or higher than that of plasma, as the ion‐exchanger selectively favored the binding and concentration of the larger multimeric forms while reducing the amount of the smaller forms with abnormal structure and low activity. Other characteristics of the concentrate included a CB activity to antigen ratio of 1.69 and a high capacity (86%) to correct platelet adhesion in a perfusion system. Clinical use of this standardized vWF concentrate has been shown to be efficacious in the treatm

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01159.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn ultra‐short‐time heating system was used to process blood plasma spiked with various viruses (HIV, vesicular stomatitis virus, encephalomyocarditis virus). Virus reduction and recovery of plasma proteins were measured at various temperatures from 65 to 85 °C. Processing at 77 °C and 0.006 s resulted in a high level of virus kill, including ≥ 4.4 log10HIV, while maintaining protein structure and activity essentially

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01160.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSerial serum samples from 35 patients with posttransfusion non‐A, non‐B hepatitis in a prospective study were tested for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) by a multiple recombinant antigen based immunoassay [anti‐HCV (2nd); Abbott], Of them, 23 were positive for anti‐C100, and 27 were positive for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. By anti‐HCV (2nd), 28 patients were positive, and all except 1 of the 28 patients were positive for HCV RNA. A total of 24 patients, who became HCV RNA positive at the acute stage and who were negative for both anti‐C100 and anti‐HCV (2nd) before transfusion, were considered to have posttransfusion hepatitis C. The mean time to seroconversion for anti‐HCV (2nd) was 7.5 or 12.1 weeks after the onset of hepatitis or the date of transfusion, respectively, and was generally 6 weeks earlier than that detected by anti‐C100. However, seroconversion was delayed in 2 hepatitis B surface antigen carriers as compared with anti‐C100. The anti‐C100 assay detected 20 (83%) and the anti‐HCV (2nd) all 24 patients with documented posttransfusion hepatitis C. The second‐generation test is, therefore, better than conventional anti‐C100 for the early

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01161.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study is based upon interviews with 74 individuals found to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐seropositive through the screening of blood donations between January 1988 and December 1990. The donation history and the risk factor of HIV infection were established. Questions about the use of blood donation as a diagnostic test and on the notion of a predonation medical interview evoking the risk factor were asked. The majority of the individuals had a risk factor of HIV infection and had given their blood for serological testing. This data can help to adapt the predonation medical interview to the present epidemiological context of HIV infection. The improvement of this interview will contribute to the decrease of the residual transfusional risk of HIV infectio

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01162.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSoluble HLA class I antigens in human plasma preparations possibly play a role in HLA sensitization and modulation of the immune response. We therefore have determined their concentration in albumin and immunoglobulin preparations from several commercial sources and compared these values to the concentration in normal human sera. For this purpose we used a newly developed solid‐phase enzyme immunoassay employing rabbit anti‐mouse antibody, monomorphic HLA class I monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal enzyme‐linked β2‐microglobulin‐specific antiserum. Soluble HLA antigen concentration in 14 albumin batches from 6 manufacturers and in 16 immunoglobulin batches from 11 manufacturers ranged from 0 to 9.6 and from 0 to 20.9 ng/ml. The concentration in normal human sera 1,328 ± 954 ng/ml (n = 54). We conclude that the concentration of soluble HLA concentration in albumin and immunoglobulin preparations is more than 50 times lower than in normal human serum, but considerable differences exist between products of various ma

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01163.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStimulation of the phagocytic activity of leukocytes by two glycoproteins, the macromolecular activators of phagocytosis 1‐MAPP and s‐MAPP, involved in platelet release products (PRPr), was not observed when platelet concentrate (PC), stored longer than 48 h, was used as a platelet source. The supernatant of the PC (Sup) acquired this activity during storage. Salting out with ammonium sulfate (AS) revealed that the phagocytosis‐enhancing activity was recovered in the supernatant of Sup from PC with 60% saturated AS, and the reverse activity, phagocytosis suppression, was observed in the precipitate with 30% AS. Suppressing activity was observed in PRPr prepared from both fresh and 48‐h‐old PC. The phagocytosis‐enhancing activity observed in the Sup from the 48‐hour PC was characterized by Sephadex G200 gel filtration and consisted of two peaks (300 and 150 kD), matching these of 1‐MAPP and s‐MAPP in the PRPr prepared from fresh platelets. These results indicate that 1‐MAPP and s‐MAPP escape from platelets into the plasma during storage, whereas the suppressing activity is retained in platel

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe studied 684 sera obtained from 20 hemophilia patients with AIDS/AIDS‐related complex (ARC), 89 asymptomatic HIV+, 76 HIV‐ hemophilia patients and 151 healthy controls for antibodies against recombinant CD4 (rCD4). Twenty‐two percent of AIDS/ARC patients, 10% of asymptomatic HIV+ patients, 17% of HIV‐ patients, and 1% of healthy controls had anti‐rCD4 antibodies. Purified anti‐rCD4 antibodies did not react with human CD4+lymphocytes. This may explain why formation of anti‐rCD4 antibodies correlated neither with the occurrence of autoantibodies against CD4+lymphocytes nor with a decrease in CD4+cell counts. Antibodies that were eluted from CD4+lymphocytes after sequential adsorption and elution with separated CD8+and CD4+cells reacted with CD4+lymphocytes of only some healthy individuals, suggesting diversity of C

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA murine monoclonal antibody (NaM19–3C4, IgG1, Kappa) was produced from splenocytes of mice immunized with red blood cells. The antibody agglutinated untreated Ge:2,3,4 and Ge:‐2,3,4 erythrocytes in indirect antiglobulin test but failed to agglutinate trypsin‐treated cells. Gerbich‐negative erythrocyte of the Leach‐ (Ge:‐2,‐3,‐4) and of the Gerbich‐ (Ge:‐2,‐3,4) types were not recognized by the antibody. Immunoblotting experiments showed that the antibody bound to glycophorins C and D from control erythrocytes and to the abnormal glycophorin C identified in the Gerbich‐negative cells of the Yussef type (Ge:‐2,3,4). No binding to the altered glycophorin C from Ge:‐2,‐3,4 erythrocytes was observed, indicating that the antibody specifically recognized the Ge:3 epitope localized within re

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Lutheran blood group system consists of several genes of whichLuaandLubare the best characterized. Over 98% of the Western population is Lu (b+), and consequently antibody formation against Lubis rare. Cases reported in the literature suggest that the expression of Lutheran antigens on red cells of the newborn is weak, and Lutheran antibodies are not known to have caused severe haemolytic disease of the newborn. We describe a case of anti‐Lubimmunization during pregnancy. Despite increasing anti‐Lubantibody titre and antibody‐dependent, cell‐mediated cytotoxic activity of the anti‐Lub, two parameters associated with haemolytic disease of the newborn, the baby did not suffer from erythro

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY