摘要:

AbstractThe effect of the additive sorbitol on the thermal stabilization of human IgG was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and size exclusion chromatography. In the presence of 33% sorbitol, the temperature at which denaturation of IgG began (Ti) was increased from 52 to 65°C. Similarly, the temperature of the maximum heat capacity (Tmax) was increased from 69 to 76°C. Sorbitol also decreased dimer aggregation and the extent of oligomerization during heating compared with IgG dissolved in phosphate buffer. Sorbitol at 33% prevented massive protein denaturation but a 10–15% of oligomerization of high molecular weight aggregates with turbidity could not be avoided when heating for 10 h at 60°C. The use of sorbitol 33% to avoid heat denaturation of human IgG during viral inactivation did not prevent protein aggregation or the appearance of turbidity. Consequently, further processing will be required to achieve a product suitable for pharmaceutical

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02535.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA prospective, open and uncontrolled trial was performed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of a 5S intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) after single and multiple infusions. Twelve healthy volunteers received a 5S‐IVIG enriched in antibodies againstStaphylococcus areusα‐toxin (aSAT) either as a single infusion or as three infusions in daily intervals. The fate of the injected immunoglobulin was observed by serial measurements of the serum level of aSAT titres. The 5S‐IVIG had a half‐life with a median of 0.24 (distribution) and 2.0 (terminal) days, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters did not differ with dose groups or number of applications. The study medication was well t

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02536.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe PCR method was introduced to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA from 189 peripheral blood samples of volunteer donors. We adopted the nested double PCR method with primers specific for immediate early gene 1 followed by electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. This nested double PCR method was sensitive enough to detect approximately a single copy of CMV DNA. However, we failed to obtain positive amplification of CMV DNA from any of these donor samples. In contrast, CMV DNA could be detected in all 3 tested immunocompromised patients who had undergone bone marrow transplantation. These results support our previous report that the frequency of CMV DNA is of an order lower than 1 copy/105leucocytes in the peripheral blood of healthy seropositive individuals.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02537.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe sensitivity of ORTHO™ HCV 3.0 ELISA Test System (ELISA 3) for the detection of anti‐HCV was compared with the second‐generation ELISA, ORTHO HCV 2.0 ELISA Test System (ELISA 2). ELISA 3 differs from ELISA 2 in that it incorporates the HCV recombinant antigen NS5, in addition to recombinant antigens derived from the NS3, NS4 and core regions of the HCV genome. Specimens tested consisted of serial bleeds obtained from 21 individuals undergoing seroconversion following acquisition of post‐transfusion HCV infection. ELISA 3 demonstrated significantly greater sensitivity than ELISA 2, detecting seroconversion earlier in 24% (5/21) of cases. Although one of these cases appeared to represent early seroconversion to NS5, most of the improved sensitivity of ELISA 3 appeared to derive from increased detectability of an

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02538.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFalciparum malaria is the most hazardous form of malaria. Its high degree of parasitemia interferes with vital functions of most organs and is directly responsible for its high rate of mortality and morbidity. Quinine and other antimalarial drugs are relatively slow acting and not always effective due to the growing resistance developed byPlasmodiumtoward these drugs. Another emergency modality, which would remove the parasitic burden quickly and effectively, is thus much needed. We present a case of a 51‐year‐old sailor, who was admitted to the hospital because of complicated falciparum malaria. His situation deteriorated rapidly into a desparate stage, despite the various intensive treatments and quinine. He soon developed a systemic inflammatory response syndrome manifested as cerebral malaria, renal failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation. An emergency blood exchange reversed the situation dramatically, and the patient recovered completely. It is recommended that any doctor, both in endemic and in non endemic areas, dealing with blood transfusions or infectious diseases, should be acquainted with this life‐saving modality, regardless of the controversy still surrounding this su

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02539.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have modified previously described solid‐phase tests for erythrocyte antibody screening to develop a method, suitable for antiglobulin‐ and enzyme‐enhanced techniques (SPH‐IAT and SPH‐ENZ). In this study we compared the SPH tests with an autoanalyzer (AA) technique. The results were more specific with the SPH tests than with the AA. Of 4,234 unselected samples from pregnant women, screen‐positive samples were reduced from 96 (2.27%) by the AA, to 56 (1.32%) by the SPH tests. This difference was due to the reduced number of false‐positive reactions with the SPH tests, 0.47% compared to 1.44% with the AA. Antibodies detected by the AA and the SPH‐IAT and ‐ENZ were: 9 Rh prophylaxis, 2 anti‐c, 1 anti‐K and anti‐M, and 1 anti‐Jka. Antibodies detected only by the SPH tests were 1 anti‐K, 1 anti‐Lea(SPH‐IAT and ‐ENZ), 1 anti‐M (SPH‐IAT) and 4 anti‐Jka(SPH‐ENZ). One anti‐C, 2 anti‐D, 3 Rh prophylaxis and 1 anti‐E were detected by the AA and the SPH‐ENZ but failed to react by the SPH‐IAT. One anti‐Leaand 8 Rh prophylaxis antibodies were detected by AA only. All clinically important antibodies were detected by the SPH tests. We conclude that the SPH‐IAT and SPH‐ENZ are screening methods with high specificity that are readily adaptable to larger series of samples from pregnant women and suitable for automated han

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02540.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnti‐HPA‐1a platelet antibody levels in pregnant women with a history of fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FMAIT) were monitored longitudinally using the monoclonal antibody immobilisation of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay, in order to examine any variation in optical density (OD) readings obtained over the course of pregnancy and after delivery. Seven women were selected; 4 were studied retrospectively and 3 prospectively (the latter being treated with intravenous gammaglobulin; IVGG). Levels of anti‐HPA‐1a were measured at various intervals after delivery of the first affected infant, to post delivery of the following affected infant. A decrease in MAIPA OD was demonstrated in all patients during the course of these pregnancies. This assay is a useful tool for monitoring anti‐HPA‐1a in women with a history of infants affected with FMAIT. A maternal antibody ‘resting’ level prior to, or early in the first trimester, must be established

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02541.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmong 111 patients referred to our outpatient clinic for isolated thrombocytopenia during a 24‐month period, 17 (15.3%) cases of EDTA‐dependent pseudothrombocytopenia (EDTA‐PTCP) were identified. EDTA‐PTCP represented the second most frequent cause of thrombocytopenia in this population. The diagnosis was confirmed by the following findings: (a) normal platelet numbers immediately after blood withdrawal; (b) progressive fall of platelet counts and evident platelet clumping over time, only in EDTA‐anticoagulated blood. A simple, inexpensive and quick diagnostic method was devised, that consists in evaluating the platelet number in a blood sample anticoagulated with EDTA immediately after blood withdrawl and

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractK12 is a high‐prevalence antigen, with no known antithetical partner, that is associated with the Kell blood group system. We report studies on the 5th propositus (MS) with the K:‐12 phenotype and the second case to show that the K12 is inherited. The anti‐K12 in his serum did not destroy antigen‐positive incompatible red cells transfused on at least 3 occasions over 6 years. Red cell membranes from MS possessed the Kell protein that was indistinguishable from control membranes. K12 antigen was shown by immunoprecipitation to be on a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 93,000 and by monoclonal antibody immobilization of erythrocyte antigens (MAIEA) assay to be on the Kell protein in proximity to K/k and Jsa/Jsbantigens. These data remove the K:‐12 phenotype from its current Kell‐related (or para Kell) status and elevates the K12 antigen to a bona fide member of the Kell blood g

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe neutrophil‐specific antigen NC1 is defined by an antibody in the serum of a mother who gave birth to a child with alloimmune neonatal neutropenia. NC1 has been reported to be associated with the neutrophil‐specific antigen NA2, but the precise relation of NC1 and NA2 remained unclear. Therefore, we investigated the serum using the antigen capture assay MAIGA and the granulocyte (GIFT) and lymphocyte (LIFT) immunofluorescence tests. In GIFT, no NA association was observed. In LIFT, serum antibodies bound preferably to lymphocytes with the HLA antigens HLA‐B7 and cross‐reacting antigens. In MAIGA, an antibody specific for the NA2 variant of the granulocyte Fcγ‐receptor III was observed. The NA2 specificity was confirmed by testing granulocytes from 40 further different donors. This indicates that the NC1 and NA2 antigens are identical. A positive GIFT result but a negative one in LIFT using cells of an NA2‐negative typed individual suggest the presence of an additional, non‐NA2‐specific gran

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY