ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00595.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00596.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a retrospective comparison between countermigration immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) and reverse passive haemagglutination (RPHA) for screening 260,500 blood donations, the latter's 10‐fold increase in sensitivity resulted in 36% more HBsAg detections. In a prospective comparison between RPHA and radioimmunoassay (RIA) the latter's 40‐fold increase in sensitivity over RPHA resulted in 11% more detections than RPHA in 27,094 new donors. One in 500 new donors was HBsAg‐positive by RPHA, compared with 1 in 11,000 established donors who had donated and been tested previously. Acute hepatitis B infections, though uncommon, accounted for a greater proportion of the HBsAg‐positives found in ‘established’ rather than new donors. Reported post‐transfusion hepatitis cases have declined following the introduction of screening tests in 1971. The feasibility of RIA testing at a transfusion centre supplied simply with the two basic RIA reagents has been

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Interest in immunogenetics originated from two streams: (a) histocompatibility in mouse and man, and (b) inheritance of specific immune responses in the guinea pig and mouse. In the mouse, there are genes associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which (i) code for antigens determining allograft responses and mixed lymphocyte reactions, (ii) control responses to certain antigens (Ir genes), and (iii) code for cell‐surface antigens which elicit specific antisera (anti‐Ia).In man, there is genetic control, in part X‐linked, over levels of immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin classes. Evidence for MHC‐linked genetic control is derived from immune responses to (i) micro‐organisms, (ii) pollen antigens, (iii) food antigens, (iv) vaccines, (v) innocuous test antigens, and (vi) autoantigens. Some evidence exists for allotype‐linked genetic control. Practical aspects concern influences of the MHC on susceptibility to disease, within individuals and

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00598.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The published specifications of the acceptable limits of the maximum plasma volume to be ‘harvested’ by plasmapheresis from one individual per year vary from 10–15 liters in Europe to 50–60 liters in the United States. To answer the question which of these widely diverging precepts is appropriate, the effects of plasmapheresis on serum protein levels and their relationship to albumin metabolism, the accepted safeguards for the donation of whole blood, and the disease known as the nephrotic syndrome are considered. A living person who consents to his bodily integrity being violated for the benefit of others must be protected not only against the generation of manifest illness by such violation, but also against any prolonged deviation from the normal state of his body. It is concluded that plasmapheresis donors should not deliver more than 10 to 15 liters of plasma per year, as now recommended by European authorities. Not more than 500 ml of plasma should be withdrawn per session, and the interval between two such sessions should not be less than

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00599.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Following an attack of infectious mononucleosis, the red cells of HLA B7 patients may show a greatly increased reactivity with anti‐Bgaantibodies. This occurs from about the 3rd week of the disease, the reactivity then slowly decreasing over a period of months or years. Both specific and nonspecific reactions to other HLA antisera may also occur. Five patients were followed in detail and the reason for the increase in antigen strength was investigated without a conclusive resul

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00600.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The red cell Bgaantigen and the presence of EB virus antibody were determined in a group of children of mixed ages. Evidence of previous infection with EB virus does not correlate with the degree of expression of the Bgaantigen on red cells.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00601.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The main haemostasis changes observed in a screening study performed in 40 patients who underwent an open heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) are: a significant drop in platelet count from the onset of the ECC to the third postoperative day, a decrease of platelet retention and aggregation during ECC with an 8‐day persistently increased heparin‐neutralizing activity in plasma but not in serum, a moderate decrease of plasma factors I, II, VII‐X, X and XIII and a more important drop in factor V which disappears 24 h after ECC, a transitory increase of fibrinolysis during ECC and the lack of FDP elevation in the serum. These disorders require a very good neutralization of the heparin used during ECC. The ratio protamine/heparin can be established by a titration clotting time test. Protamine chloride seems to be more efficacious and to act more quickly than protamine sulfate for the neutralization. An overload in protamine can enhance the hemostatic, biological and clinical disorders. The preventive administration of platelet concentrate immediately after the heparin neutralization contributes to reduce the bleeding disorders related to the quantitative and qualitative platelet de

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Bf phenotype distribution andBfallele frequencies in samples of the Norwegian population and the Lappish minority of Norway are presented.BfSin Norwegians was found to be 0.817, while it was 0.888 in Lapps. The difference is statistically significant. Possible explanations of this difference are discussed. It is noted thatBfallele frequencies of Norwegians are similar to those of Germans, while differing from frequencies found in US whites.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Two individuals with the blood group Pkfound in the Japanese population are reported, as well as the results of family studies. A second Pksibling was found in the second family. Red cells from four members of the first family, who presumably were heterozygous for the gene responsible for Pk, showed no evidence of having a weaker P antigen. One of the two propositi gave birth to a baby, whose red cells gave a doubtful reaction in the direct antiglobulin test, but who showed neither clinical nor hematological signs of hemolytic disease of the newborn.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00604.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY