ISSN:0368-2927    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1965.tb00049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-2927    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1965.tb00050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-2927    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1965.tb00051.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe rhizome of 12 species ofBolbitisand 7 species ofEgenolfiastudied is creeping, more or less flattened dorsiventrally, often tenaciously attached to the substratum by wiry roots, and brittle. Basally attached, auricled paleae, bearing terminal and marginal glandular hairs clothe the rhizome. The ground tissue of the rhizome is parenchymatous: slender sclerenchyma strands are scattered in the ground tissue (except inB. preslianaandE. helferiana).The vascular cylinder is solenostelic with a broad, intact, often gutter‐shaped, root‐bearing, ventral region, and the dorsal region highly dissected by 2 (3 or 4 in some spp.) longitudinal rows of large leaf gaps. The leaf traces are multiple strands: associated with each leaf trace is a solitary branch trace, generally bearing one root trace and originating either independently from the abaxial end of the leaf gap or along with the abaxial bundle of the leaf trace. In some species, either the branch‐ or the root‐trace, or both, is vestigial. Leaves are restricted to the dorsal surface of the rhizome and are usually in 2 but may be in as many as 4 rows. They are once‐pinnate, and dimorphic. The stipe and rachis possess a pair of longitudinal grooves on the adaxial surface. Many vascular bundles ascend the rachis: the 2 adaxial bundles are larger than the others. In the rachis the adaxial ones fuse together to form a median dorsal bundle and the others fuse together to form a median ventral bundle: toward the apex of the leaf both merge together. The pinna traces are paired strands originating from the adaxial bundle and the bundle next to it. Venation is free inEgenolfia(except the tendency for areole formation inE. bipinnatifida), and goniopteroid with variation according to species inBolbitis.The terminal pinna is prolonged in many species. A sub‐apieal vegetative bud is found laterally on the dorsal surface of the midrib on the terminal pinna; in some species similar buds are borne also on the lateral pinnae. The fertile leaves are seasonal and lamina of the fertile pinnae is highly reduced. Sporangia are acrostichoid in distribution, and uniseriate hairs occur, mixed with them. The sporangial stalk is 3 cells thick near the capsule, the 3rd row being short and formed secondarily as a protrusion from the proximal end of the capsule wall, below

ISSN:0368-2927    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1965.tb00052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYAn account of the spore‐morphology, development and structure of the prothalli and morphology of the juvenile sporophytes of 19 spp. (12 ofBolhitisand 7 ofEgenolfia)is given. The spores are monolete, with a smooth exine and enveloped by a granulose (rarely smooth) or reticulate perine which is characteristically folded. The average spore‐size is 22–34 32–40 22–34 μ.inBolbitis, and 28–36 36–49 26–37μ inEgenolfia.On spore germination, a 3–6‐cells long filament is formed and develops into a prothallial plate by longitudinal divisions in the anterior cells. Generally an obconical apical meristematic cell is developed from one of the anterior marginal cells, either soon after plate formation or a little later. The anterior region of the thallus expands, later becoming cordate, and a multicellular meristem replaces the apical cell in the usual way. An apical cell stage is sometimes omitted, more frequently inEgenolfiathan inBolbitis.A midrib is developed when the thalli are about 2 months old. Prothalli reach maturity in 6–8 months in most species (3–4 months inB. presliana).The mature prothallus is of the cordate type, with a tendency, in most species, to elongate slightly with age: the midrib is 6–8 cells thick and the wings are spread out. Collenchyma‐like thickenings of wing cells are found in some species ofBolbitis.The prothalli, in most species, are naked: towards maturity, sparse, marginal hairs are developed inB. heteroclitaandB. presliana, and club‐shaped, marginal, multicellular hairs inB. semicordata, B. subcrenataandE. sinensis.The early juvenile leaves are simple with a lobed lamina and supplied by a solitary, vascular strand forked 2 or 3 times. A midrib is found from the 5th‐7th leaf onwards: the lamina is pinnately dissected and the venation is free and pinnate. As the size of the successive juvenile leaves increases, the lamina becomes bipinnate with small ultimate lobes. The protostelic vascular cylinder of the juvenile rhizome becomes dorsally grooved and later gutter‐like, with the leaves supplied by paired leaf traces originating from either margin of the gutter. Soon the vascular cylinder becomes siphonostelic by the margins of the gutter coming together, and later, the leaves are borne in 2 alternating rows as in the adult plants. The leaves on the siphonostelic rhizome are markedly larger and simply pinnate as in the adult plants, the transition being rather sudden. Branching associated with leaf insertions occurs only after the simply pinnate condition is attained. Unicellular papillate hairs are found on the lamina of all the juvenile leaves. Uniseriate club‐like hairs are found towards the bases of the earlier leaves, and later, spread over the main veins. Large acicular hairs are found on the lamina from the 3rd or 4th juvenile leaf onwards, and persist till the adult simply pinnate form is attained.BolbitisandEgenolfiaare closely related genera, allied toElaphoglossumon the one hand andLomariopsisandTeratophyllumon the other: the group appears to be more or less an isolated one, but may be remotely related to theRumohra‐Polystichu

ISSN:0368-2927    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1965.tb00053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-2927    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1965.tb00054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe vegetative morphology and anatomy ofAphyllanthesis described in some detail. Notable features include the reduction of leaves to colourless, non‐assimilating scales, the development of the scape with xeromorphic features as the sole assimilating organ and the production of appreciable amounts of secondary tissues in the underground rhizome. Anatomical evidence does not support the proposal of Takhtajan thatAphyllanthesshould be included within the same order as Eriocaulaceae, but does suggest some affinity with Xanthorrhoeaceae. Other groups with whichAphyllanthesmay have affinity have not yet, however, been examined anatomicall

ISSN:0368-2927    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1965.tb00055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY