ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Quantification of coronary artery calcium by computed tomography is used to detect coronary atherosclerosis in both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. It correlates with the extent of atherosclerosis in individuals with obstructive and nonobstructive coronary artery disease. It is unique among the various noninvasive techniques available to assess coronary artery disease, which typically depend on the presence of flow-limiting lesions. It appears to be a better predictor of risk of future events than conventional risk factors because it is anatomical evidence of subclinical disease. To best use this technology, an understanding of the pathologic principles underlying coronary artery calcification and new concepts in the theory of atherosclerosis progression are necessary. These concepts are true whether helical or electron beam computed tomography is used to quantitate coronary artery calcium.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Coronary arterial calcification has unequivocally been shown to be a marker of atherosclerosis. To date, much research interest has been generated regarding the quantification of coronary calcification by electron beam computed tomography, and how best to use such measurements to identify and predict those at greatest risk for an adverse cardiac event. This article represents an attempt to provide an objective review of the literature regarding the potential role electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) has as an accurate and cost effective screening modality for coronary arterial disease, as well as a predictor for coronary heart disease.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article provides the rationale for using helical (aka spiral, conventional, and mechanical) computed tomography (CT) systems from measuring coronary calcium. The current state and active research concerning measuring coronary calcium with single-and multi-slice systems is reviewed. The components of image quality, which are important to cardiac imaging with CT, are discussed. Companion articles will review electron beam CT (EBCT) for measuring coronary calcium and perhaps most importantly the scientific data relating coronary calcium to coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The noninvasive imaging of normal and diseased coronary arteries by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has undergone numerous technical improvements since its introduction in 1993 but remains a work in progress. This paper will review the current status of coronary MRA with a focus on the history of coronary MRA and current limitations of the technique. The technical challenges that need to be addressed if this technique is to achieve widespread use for coronary artery evaluation will be discussed.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There are numerous approaches to the diagnosis of aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection. Echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have enthusiastic proponents promoting each technique, which to some extent obscures the real value of each technique. This review examines the role of these techniques in the diagnosis of aortic disease, with special reference to the most recent published literature and an emphasis on the use of CT and MRI. For most patients with chronic aortic disease, MRI is the most appropriate investigation. In acute situations, CT scanning is usually the most useful technique, with echocardiography added for those with ascending aortic disease or cardiac complications.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are modalities well suited for imaging of the pericardium and pericardial disease. Both offer excellent resolution with a wide field of view. Both have advantages and disadvantages when compared with each other and with echocardiography. Establishing the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis is a common indication for CT or MRI of the pericardium. Pericarditis, neoplasms, effusions, and congenital anomalies are additional conditions involving the pericardium that can be diagnosed with CT and MRI.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryPathology developing within the confines of the superior mediastinum mayproduce changes that appear quite subtle on conventional radiographs. The zone of contact of lung with the left superior mediastinum is represented radiographically as a series of interrelated pleural reflections. These reflections may be altered by mediastinal disease, and an understanding of this anatomy can facilitate detection of abnormalities.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This consensus statement by the Society of Thoracic Radiology is a summary of the current understanding of low dose computed tomography (CT) for screening for lung cancer. Lung cancer is the most common fatal malignancy in the industrialized world. Unlike the next three most common cancers, screening for lung cancer is not currently recommended by cancer organizations. Improvements in CT technology make lung screening feasible. Early prevalence data indicate that about two-thirds of lung cancers that are detected by CT screening are at an early stage. Other data support the postulate that patients with lung cancers detected at this early stage have better rates of survival. Whether this will translate into an improved disease specific mortality is yet to be demonstrated. The suggested technical protocols, selection criteria, and method of handling the numerous benign nodules that are detected are discussed. It is the consensus of this committee that mass screening for lung cancer with CT is not currently advocated. Suitable subjects who wish to participate should be encouraged to do so in controlled trials, so that the value of CT screening can be ascertained as soon as possible.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID