摘要:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used extensively to evaluate the central nervous and musculoskeletal systems. MRI provides excellent contrast between normal and pathologic tissues, identifies vascular structures without the need of intravenous contrast, and is able to image in multiple planes. Until recently, physiologic motion produced artifacts that markedly limited the use of MRI in the thorax. However, with the advent of cardiac gating and respiratory motion compensation, diagnostic images can now be readily acquired.The ability to distinguish between flowing blood and adjacent tissue allows for the detection of aortic aneurysms and dissections. Prominent vessels may be differentiated from hilar adenopathy without the use of contrast agents. Preliminary experience suggests MRI may be useful in assessing central pulmonary emboli and mediastinal venous obstruction. The ready identification of flow combined with the multiplanar capability of MRI provide a means of assessing congenital abnormalities and other anatomic information.Fast scan techniques provide a dynamic means of assessing cardiac function and are sensitive to valvular stenosis and insufficiency. Combined with spin-echo techniques, areas of myocardial infarction and focal wall motion abnormalities can be detected.Currently, MRI has little application in the assessment of pulmonary nodules, bronchogenic cancer, and diffuse parenchymal disease. Sagittal MR images may more clearly show tumor extension into the axilla, brachial plexus, and spinal canal in patients with superior sulcus neoplasms.Future applications may include faster imaging techniques, blood flow measurement, detection of thrombus using phase sensitive techniques, regional perfusion, and assessment of cellular energy metabolism.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of thoracic disease is emerging amidst much debate and study. Recent technical advances have led to new applications of this modality, and a reappraisal of previous conclusions seems warranted. This article reviews our 5 1/2 years' experience with thoracic MRI.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appears to provide at least as much diagnostic information as angiography in the evaluation of acquired and congenital forms of disease of the great arteries. Since it can also be used to assess the tissues adjacent to the great arteries, MRI often provides a distinct diagnostic advantage over angiography. In addition, the recently introduced dynamic MRI techniques may provide valuable information regarding hemodynamic abnormalities associated with diseases of the thoracic aorta and the pulmonary arterial system.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the newest and most promising imaging modality for evaluating the pediatric thorax. Its ability to distinguish between mediastinal fat, blood vessels, and adjacent soft tissues, without the use of intravenous contrast agents or radiation, makes MRI advantageous for infants and children. The thoracic applications include evaluations of cardiac anomalies, mediastinal masses, extra-cardiac vascular anomalies, airway obstruction, and chest-wall lesions. This article describes the current and possible future applications of MRI of the pediatric thorax.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ECG-gated acquisition displays the blood pool as a signal void and thereby provides high contrast differentiation between cardiovascular structures and soft-tissue masses. The role of MRI for the detection and definition of the extent of paracardiac and intracardiac masses is reviewed. The extension of mediastinal, lung, and upper abdominal tumors to the heart and pericardium is depicted favorably by MRI and this attribute is also demonstrated. It is anticipated that MRI will have an increasing role in the evaluation of primary and secondary masses of the heart and pericardium.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In general, computed tomography (CT) is superior to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an all-around tool for imaging the wide range of thoracic abnormalities that can be present in patients with lung cancer. However, CT and MRI should not necessarily be viewed as competitive imaging modalities in this clinical setting. If MRI is used selectively as a secondary imaging study to answer specific questions raised or unanswered by CT, its value can be optimized. It can be of particular value in demonstrating chest-wall invasion in the lung apex as well as elsewhere, in defining mediastinal masses, which are hard to distinguish from vessels on CT, in detecting hilar masses, in distinguishing causes of adrenal mass, and in distinguishing recurrent tumor from fibrosis in patients who have had prior radiation.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The anatomic, clinical, and radiologic findings of aberrant subclavian arteries (ASAs) are well known. Acquired diseases such as aneurysms, dissections, or stenosis can complicate these anomalies. We propose that these complications are a result of atherosclerosis caused by abnormal turbulence around the ASA. Comparisons of computed tomographic and angiographic measurements of subclavian arteries in adults with and without arch anomalies and angiographic measurements of ASAs in children show that ASAs dilate in older patients. We describe six patients with acquired diseases of ASAs or the aorta adjacent to the ASA. Aneurysms, aortic dissections, and stenosis were each found in two patients. Problems in the radiologic diagnosis and clinical management of these diseases are emphasized. Radiologists should be cognizant of the significance of ASAs in patients with aortic aneurysms and dissections.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We studied the chest radiographs of 30 patients (39 thoracotomies) after resection of pulmonary nodules with a neodymium-YAG laser. New “nodules” were often visible in the resected areas. These gradually evolved into linear scars with or without a small, nodular component or disappeared. In 11 of 39 thoracotomies, postresection cavities developed at the site of the lesion. Familiarity with the typical radiographic findings after laser resection and their normal evolution is necessary to avoid confusing these expected findings with residual or recurrent disease or with infection following surgery.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of chest-wall collapse following atelectasis of the lung is reported. The presumed mechanism is abnormal compliance of the chest wall.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two patients with cardiac sarcomas were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In both cases, MRI provided more information regarding the extent of the tumor than computed tomography, two-dimensional echocardiography, or angiography.

ISSN:0883-5993    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID