ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

It is generally recognized that conventional hemodynamic measures are not consistently altered by digitalis in patients with congestive heart failure. In normal subjects. digitalis has been found to abbreviate the systolic time intervals at a time when other hemodynamic changes are minimal. The present studies were designed to study the response in systolic time intervals among patients with heart failure and to test whether their determination may offer a more consistent measure of the response to digitalis than other hemodynamic parameters. Thirteen patients with clinically conspicuous congestive heart failure due to arteriosclerotic (5), hypertensive (5) and primary myocardial disease (3) were studied before and 55 to 65 minutes after cedilanid-D (1.2–1.6 mg iv). The responses in total electromechanical systole (QS2), the heart sounds interval (S1S2), and the pre-ejection period (PEP) proved to be a more constant and specific measure of the digitalis effect than other hemodynamic responses. Abbreviation in the left ventricular ejection time (LVET) was less consistent than that in the other systolic time intervals. The changes in PEP and LVET, after correction for heart rate, correlated significantly with each of the hemodynamic responses (cardiac output, cardiac work, stroke volume, stroke work, mean stroke power, mean rate of left ventricular ejection, mean arterial and pulse pressure). In contrast, the responses in QS2and S1S2did not correlate significantly with any hemodynamic measure. Serial observations of the systolic intervals permitted description of the sequential development of the digitalis response. Maximum abbreviation in all of systolic intervals occurred within 40 minutes of drug administration. The rate of onset of the response to cedilanid-D was the same in the patients as in normal individuals. The systolic time intervals offer a conveniently derived noninvasive measure of the cardiac response to digitalis in patients with congestive heart failure. The changes in the PEP and LVET are conditioned by the overall hemodynamic response and can be applied as a measure of the magnitude of change in the cardiac output and stroke parameters.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The prostaglandin, PGA1, was administered to five patients with mild essential vascular hypertension. It resulted in increased cardiac output and renal blood flow. The renal fraction of the cardiac output increased dramatically. All occurred at a reduced blood pressure so there was decreased peripheral resistance. Enhancement of free water clearance (CH2O) and decreased solute free water clearance (T'H2O) occurred in association with a sodium diuresis.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The secretion rate of desoxycorticosterone (DOC) and the excretion rate of tetrahydrodesoxycorticosterone (THDOC) and aldosterone were measured in 14 patients with moderate to severe edema. Six patients had Laennee's cirrhosis, one had portal vein thrombosis, three had congestive heart failure, two had idiopathic edema, and two had severe obesity associated with edema. The excretion rate of aldosterone was increased in all but five patients. The mean excretion rate of THDOC in the six patients with cirrhosis of the liver was significantly below the mean value of our normal control subjects (p < 0.001) and below that of the other patients with edema (p < 0.001). DOC secretion rate was increased in one patient with cirrhosis of the liver and in one with congestve heart failure, but was within normal limits in the remaining patients.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Intestinal absorption, mueosal enzyme activity and mucosal histology were studied in human subjects receiving colchicine orally. This agent produced widespread alteration of absorptive functions as demonstrated by increased fecal loss of sodium, potassium, fat, and nitrogen, by decreased absorption of d-xylose and vitamin B12, and by decreased serum cholesterol and carotene concentration. Comparison of the fecal excretory pattern with oral neomycin or magnesium sulfate revealed greater fecal loss of fat with the antibiotic than with colchicine, but magnesium sulfate yielded only slightly increased fecal fat excretion. Reduction of sucrase, maltase, and lactase enzyme activity of varying degree was found in mucosal tissue during colchicine administration. Histologic changes were variable, usually mild and appeared to be unrelated to the dose. All absorptive changes were reversible upon withdrawal of the colchicine. These studies indicate that colchicine produces a reversible malabsorptive syndrome in the human which is related to a disruption of intestinal mucosal function.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The activity of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) was markedly increased in six of 14 patients who received a single injection of chlorpromazine intramuscularly. No increases in CPK activity occur in patients receiving phenothiazines orally. Markedly increased serum CPK activity was noted in some patients receiving single or multiple intramuscular injections of other types of drugs. No changes in the activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase or lactate dehydrogenase were noted following the intramuscular injections, whereas serum aldolase activity occasionally increased. Chlorpromazine had no effect in vivo and/or in vitro on the CPK activity of human or rat muscle and brain homogenates, or purified rabbit CPK. Chlorpromazine given intramuscularly, but not intraperitoneally, increased rat plasma CPK activity. The increased activity of CPK following the intramuscular injection of chlorpromazine is probably the result of local muscle trauma rather than the result of a physiological effect of phenothiazines on cell membrane permeability. Intramuscular injections of most drugs, but particularly phenothiazines, should be avoided or proven to be noncontributory in all studies of serum CPK activity in man.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Administration of Carbrital® (a combination of carbromal and pentobarbital sodium) was accompanied by the development of a positive direct antihuman globulin reaction in three of 143 patients. The finding appeared related to the development of antibodies to carbromal, which were able to agglutinate and to sensitize to antihuman globulin red cells coated with carbromal, but not red cells coated with pentobarbital sodium, penicillin or chlorpromazine. Studies of inhibition by 2-mercaptoethanol and behavior in the ultracentrifuge of the patients' sera and of eluates from coated erythrocytes demonstrated antibodies of the 7S and 19S type, the former responsible for the sensilization of the drug-coated red cells and the latter responsible for the direct agglutination of normal cells coated with carbromal by the patients' sera. Mechanism of activity of the antibody seemed similar to that observed with antipenicillin antibodies, the antibodies being directed against the drug and the positivity of the Coombs' test being related to the reaction of the antibody with the drug on the surface of the red cell. As opposed to the findings with penicillin sensitivity, however, no overt nor occult hemolytic anemia was noted in the three patients studied. Relatively low titer of antibodies might account for this discrepancy.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

High altitude pulmonary edema occurs in men acutely exposed to elevations above 10,000 feet, especially in association with physical exertion. These patients have the physiological characteristic of a high central blood volume but normal total blood volume. This suggests that blood has shifted from the peripheral veins to the central circulation. The present studies were designed to measure the acute effects of high altitude and of exercise on the peripheral veins of man. A water plethysmograph was used to measure the distensibility of forearm viens with the subject at rest and during mild leg exercises. Normal subjects were studied in this way at sea level and again on days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 10 of exposure to an altitude of 11,800 feet. It was also possible to study six patients with high altitude pulmonary edema. The peripheral veins constricted significantly at high altitude, becoming progressively more intense during the first three days. There was an increased venomotor response to exercise that also became progressively more intense in these first three days. The venoconstriction of high altitude was relieved when the subject breathed 1007 oxygen. Patients with high altitude pulmonary edema had more intense venoconstriction than normal subjects at the same altitude.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID