ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractSera from 378 patients were assayed for antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens (ENA), ribonucleoprotein (RNP) and nonnucleoprotein (Sm). Anti-ENA antibodies were not found in control subjects, patients with rheumatic diseases and negative fluorescent antinuclear antibodies (FANA), or in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, drug-induced lupus, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), or hemolytic anemia with positive FANA. Anti-Sm antibodies were found in 32 per cent of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and were not found in any other condition. There were no significant clinical or serological differences between patients with and without anti-Sm antibodies. Anti-RNP antibodies occurred in 15 per cent of SLE patients, 9 per cent of scleroderma patients, and in 100 per cent of patients with mixed connective tissue disease. SLE patients with anti-RNP antibodies had a significantly lower anti-DNA antibody titer and a significantly lower incidence of nephritis and impaired renal function. Anti-Sm and anti-RNP titers did not vary with changes in clinical status. Awareness of the presence of anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibodies is diagnostically useful. Anti-RNP antibodies have a prognostic value as well.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractOxidative phosphorylation and respiratory enzyme concentrations of liver mitochondria and glucose tolerance were studied in 12 cirrhotic patients and CCl4-induced cirrhotic rats. The cirrhotic patients with normal or higher concentrations of cytochrome a(+a3) showed parabolic glucose tolerance test (GTT) patterns having return of blood glucose level somewhat toward normal within two hours and tolerated major operations well, while three patients with cytochrome a(+a3) concentrations less than 60 per cent of normal (0.81±0.02 (mean±SEM) × 10-10moles/mg protein) could not tolerate even minor operations. In CCl4-induced cirrhotic rats, cytochrome a(+a3) concentrations varied from 1.5 to 3.0 × 10-10moles/mg protein as compared with 1.8±0.1 of controls. In mitochondria with normal or higher concentrations of cytochrome a(+a3), the oxidative and phosphorylative activities per unit of cytochrome a(+a3) were negatively correlated with cytochrome a(+a3) concentrations. These rats tolerated partial hepatectomy well. However, in cirrhotic rats with subnormal cytochrome a(+a3) concentrations there was a high mortality following hepatectomy. The former showed parabolic GTT patterns, while the latter showed non-parabolic GTT patterns.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractWe evaluated gastrointestinal absorption in six consecutive patients with metastatic serotonin-secreting carcinoid tumors. One patient had a consistent defect in fat absorption and two other patients malabsorbed fat during spontaneous or dopamine-induced exacerbation of the carcinoid syndrome. The steatorrhea of the patient with the persistent defect in fat absorption was reduced when tumor serotonin production was reduced by the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine. The six patients had normal hemoglobin levels and the serum concentration of the following urinary constituents was normal in most of the patients: albumin, carotene, 25-hydroxycalciferol, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, calcium, phosphorous, osteogenous alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, and serum lipoproteins. The excretion of the following urinary constituents was also normal in most of the patients: creatinine clearance, tubular reabsorption of phosphorous, calcium, D-xylose, cyclic 3'5‘ monophosphate and hydroxyproline. We conclude that patients with the carcinoid syndrome may have steatorrhea, and that their hyperserotoninemia plays a role in this process.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractLeft ventricular echocardiograms and phasic instantaneous Doppler aortic blood velocities were simultaneously recorded during short paroxysms of rapid right ventricular pacing in 20 conscious subjects. Right ventricular pacing at rates of 100, 120, 140, 160 and 180/min produced stepwise reductions of mean estimates for diastolic (D) and systolic (S) left ventricular internal dimensions (LVID) along with a diminution of aortic blood velocity. Mean (&OV0398; ± 1 standard deviation) per cent decline of LVID-D, LVID-S and peak aortic blood velocities for the study group ranged from 8.9 ± 6.1, 8.5 ± 5.7 and 13.7 ± 7.7 at 100 beats/min to 29.3 ± 10.6, 25.2 ± 10.5 and 55.2 ± 13.1 at 180 beats/min, respectively. When LVID-D, LVID-S, and aortic blood velocity x % reductions were plotted for all heart rates there was a high degree of positive correlation (r = 0.99). Two types of abnormal septal motion were observed during rapid pacing: Type I—paradoxical septal motion at all pacing rates (n = 7, 6/7 with left coronary artery disease); Type II—hypokinetic septal motion at lower pacing rates with flat or paradoxical motion at rates > 140/min (n = 13, 10/13 with normal coronary arteries). It is concluded that short episodes of rapid right ventricular pacing result in reduced LVID and abnormal septal motion with the latter possibly related to septal ischemia. Such study provides insight into the untoward influence of rapid ventricular rhythms on cardiac performance.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the functional changes which may occur in the human hypertensive heart following treatment with beta-blocking agents. In 54 primary hypertensive men investigated in the control state and after three weeks of treatment with propranolol (320 mg/day) it was seen that: (a) beta-adrenergic blockade depresses the pre-ejection, and probably the ejection left ventricular function; (b) the former effect is unrelated to changes in peripheral circulation, while the latter result may be either potentiated or overcome, depending on the direction to which treatment shifts the vascular resistance; (c) variations of impedance, rather than of blood pressure, influence the ejection left ventricular function; and (d) withdrawal of the adrenergic support to the heart, due to beta-blockade, is probably the primary factor responsible for the abnormal ventricular adaptation to an augmented impedance.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe possible mechanisms underlying the suppression of erythropoiesis in hyperoxic animals were studied. Male Long-Evans rats were injected with cobaltous chloride hexahydrate, a known erythropoietic stimulant. One group was exposed to a hyperoxic environment for ten hours. Both serum levels of erythropoietin (Ep) and renal levels of erythrogenin were significantly lower (p< 0.005) in the hyperoxic animals compared to those left at room air. In addition, inhibitors to Ep or erythrogenin could not be detected in either the serum or renal tissue of the hyperoxic rats. These results indicate that the primary factor responsible for the erythropoietic suppression observed in a hyperoxic environment is a decreased production of erythrogenin which results in turn, in a lowered level of circulating Ep.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of an educational program on the use of antibiotics was studied in a university-affiliated Veterans Administration Hospital. Following an initial survey of antibiotic usage, educational presentations of the collected data were made to the hospital staff which included specific prescribing errors and alternative recommendations. Then, another survey was conducted. Measurable changes following the educational presentations were limited to decreasing costs of unjustified antibiotic use. An effect was noted in decreasing unjustified use of antibiotics in prophylactic situations, but this remained the most common misuse. Thus, an educational program directed at specific prescribing errors produced little noticeable effect on the use of antibiotics in a university-affiliated hospital. The study indicates that more direct measures, such as control of use of particular antibiotics, may be required to produce a meaningful change in prescribing practices.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractLittle is known of the effect of chronic hemodialysis on lung function. In six patients with chronic uremia, we performed pulmonary function tests, sampled arterial blood, and measured the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide inhalation before and after routine hemodialysis. Patients were in the seated position throughout the study period. Routine pulmonary function was normal in all but one patient; a restrictive ventilatory defect was seen in a patient with prior pleuropericarditis and this was independent of fluid status. All patients showed improvement after dialysis in maximum flow rate at 25 per cent vital capacity corrected for changes in vital capacity (V max25%VC/VC) supporting reversible obstruction of small airways. Hypoxemia was not precipitated by dialysis and all patients showed a small improvement in alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient. Although resting hyperventilation was documented in these patients, the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide inhalation was not consistently enhanced before or after hemodialysis.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractA patient with Down's syndrome (DS) with multiple autoimmune phenomena is described. She suffered from hypothyroidism, a celiac-like enteropathy and hemolytic anemia, and displayed cellular immunity directed against peripheral nerve antigen and basic myeloprotein and serum autoantibodies to many other tissue antigens. Her mother did not suffer from any overt autoimmune disease, but similar autoantibodies were found in her serum. It is suggested that DS resembles other autoimmune diseases, especially that which occurs in the NZB mice. The resemblance is based on the assumption that in both cases genetic and/or viral factors cause T-cell dysfunction which leads on the one hand to increased susceptibility to infections and leukemias, to autoimmune phenomena and to depressed cellular immunity, and on the other hand to increased B-cell reactivity.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID