摘要:

We reviewed retrospectively 20 cases of optociliary vein over the past 5 years. Fifteen of the 20 cases (75%) were over 40 years of age. There was no sex differences (9 males and 11 females). Causative ocular diseases were: central retinal vein occlusion (14 cases, 70%); optic disc drusen (2 cases, 10%); and optic nerve sheath meningioma, high myopia, glaucoma, congenital anomaly (1 case each, total 20%). The number of patients with an optociliary vein was high in central retinal vein occlusion (14/190 cases, 7.4%). We concluded that occurrence of optociliary vein is not restricted to cases with optic nerve sheath meningioma and this shunt vessel may occur under other conditions in which central retinal venous return is seriously disturbed. The most common cause of optociliary vein is central retinal vein occlusion.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case is presented in which an adult man with painless progressive loss of vision subsequently was found to have a primary suprasellar/perichiasmal germinoma (ectopic pinealoma). A review of the literature revealed 93 similar cases of germinoma occurring in the perichiasmal region and these are tabulated. The diagnosis and management of this lesion are discussed, including the recognition of the characteristic neuroendocrinologic triad of diabetes insipidus, visual changes, and hypopituitarism. Of 64 cases from the literature wherein presenting symptoms were reported, 56 (87.5%) had diabetes insipidus, 53 (82.8%) visual changes, and 36 (56%) hypopituitarism. A review of the literature suggests that diabetes insipidus is usually the initial symptom in suprasellar germinoma. However, we wish to emphasize the ophthalmologic presentation of this entity, because patients in the age group most affected (adolescents) will often not recognize symptoms of diabetes insipidus, but will first seek medical attention for painless progressive loss of vision suggestive of chiasmal compression. The radiosensitivity of this lesion is also discussed. Of 61 patients receiving irradiation therapy, 42 (68%) were surviving at the time of their individual case report. No patient in the review survived without irradiation therapy.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Primary carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus is a rare tumor that may present with dramatic neuro-ophthalmological-symptoms and signs of which spheno-cavernous syndrome is the best known clinical entity. The most frequently encountered histological types of the sphenoid carcinomas are squamous cell carcinoma and papillary carcinoma, in decreasing order of frequency. In this article, a papillary carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus associated with sphenoid sinus abscess is presented. We are not aware of previously reported papillary carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus associated with sphenoid sinus abscess presenting as a cavernous sinus syndrome.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We used electrooculography to study the saccadic velocities, smooth pursuit, and vestibular ocular reflex in a patient with an acute thalamic hemorrhage. Our findings confirmed what others have shown in that there were hypometric saccades contralateral to the lesion, impaired smooth pursuit ipsilaterally, and a preserved vestibular ocular reflex. In addition, we demonstrated an asymmetry with the contralateral eye being more affected. It is also shown that the “convergence” movements seen on attempted upgaze are typical of saccades and not vergence movements. A discussion of possible pathophysiologic mechanisms with review of other studies is presented.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Upbeating nystagmus has been described in lesions of the posterior fossa. We report a case of upbeating nystagmus accompanying a focal hemorrhagic lesion of the left brachium conjunctivum, the anterior vermis, and the anterior superior left cerebellar hemisphere. The nystagmus was suppressed by a contralateral head tilt. We postulate that in this instance, acquired central nystagmus was inhibited by the otolith-ocular reflex.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A left-sided double elevator palsy in identical twins born prematurely is presented, the first such report in twins. The aetiology of this condition is considered, and given the preservation of Bell's phenomenon and the absence of hypotropia in the primary position, the possibility that this may represent a supranuclear defect is discussed.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We present a case of bilateral superior oblique palsies after a spontaneous brainstem hematoma. A computerized tomographic scan of the brain revealed a highdensity mass lesion consistent with bleeding in the area caudal to the inferior colliculi, where the trochlear nerves decussate and exit the dorsal brainstem. Subsequent studies showed resolution of the density and persistent failure to enhance. Bilateral trochlear nerve palsies due to the nontraumatic brainstem bleeding are extremely rare.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Dissociated vertical deviation is a not uncommon strabismic syndrome characterized by upward deviation of an eye when occluded, with downward movement of the eye when occlusion is removed. Associated findings include latent nystagmus and horizontal strabismus. Duane's retraction syndrome is the clinical declaration of anomalous cranial nerve innervation characterized by a marked limitation or absence of abduction, variable limitation of adduction, narrowing of the palpebral fissure, and apparent globe retraction on attempted adduction. We report a patient with both dissociated vertical deviation and bilateral Duane's retraction syndrome, demonstrating that dissociated vertical deviation can occur with the anomalous neuroanatomic substrate present in Duane's retraction syndrome.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Primary malignant melanoma of the central nervous system (CNS) is exceedingly rare. The earliest description by Virchow in 1859 has been followed by 50 autopsyproven cases reported in the literature. These rumors are considered to arise from leptomeningeal melanocytes whose embryonic origin is neural crest tissue. Given the rarity of primary CNS melanoma, the diagnosis requires a thorough search to exclude a dermatologic, ocular, or visceral site of tumor origin. We report an unusual case of primary CNS melanoma in a patient with painful, progressive cranial polyneuropathy that eluded antemortem diagnosis despite extensive clinical, radiographical, and laboratory investigations.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A relative afferent pupillary defect usually occurs in an eye with unilateral or asymmetric optic nerve or extensive retinal disease. In general, the eye with poorer visual acuity has the afferent pupillary defect. Twenty-five patients are reported, however, in whom an afferent pupillary defect occurred in the eye withbettervisual acuity. These eyes had optic nerve or retinal dysfunction. The eyes with worse visual acuity but no afferent pupillary defect had an abnormality of the ocular media (corneal opacity, hyphema, anterior segment membrane, cataract, or vitreous opacity), amblyopia, refractive error, age-related macular degeneration, or cystoid macular edema. An afferent pupillary defect does not necessarily occur in the eye with poorer visual acuity.

ISSN:0272-846X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID