摘要:

AbstractFrom 170 pregnant women, cervico‐vaginal secretion, serum and amnion fluid were collected to determine concentrations of herpes simplex virus (HSV) IgA in different risk groups. We found a higher concentration of HSV IgA in cervicovaginal secretions in women with positive cultures, compared with women with negative cultures. Women with a prior history of genital HSV infections also had higher levels of HSV‐IgA in cervico‐vaginal secretions, compared with those with no HSV history, but the differences were not statistically significant. The concentrations of HSV IgA in cervico‐vaginal secretions were not correlated to any other risk group defined in the study. An asymptomatic mother with no previous history of genital HSV infection, but belonging to the risk groups gave birth to an infant who developed neonatal herpes on the 4th day of life. Women at risk for viral shedding during gestation and at the time of delivery cannot be identified solely on the basis of grouping into risk groups and/or on concentration of HSV IgA in cervico‐vaginal

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004159

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe reproductive performance of 110 patients who had had gestational tropho‐blastic disease was reviewed. There were 160 pregnancies and their outcomes were sirniliar to that of the general population. The subfertility rate was also comparable to the general population. The high rate of failure of contraception resulting in a high rate of conception during the first year of follow‐up warrants special attention. Reasons for the high failure rate and ways of prevention are discussed. Reasons for the deliberate delay in attempts to conceive in patients after the full year of postmolar human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) surveillance were explo

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004160

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of a standardized exercise test on intervillous placental blood flow were studied in 13 hypertensive, 10 diabetic and 8 cholestatic pregnant women in late pregnancy, and the results were compared with those of a normal control group. Analysis of variance for repeated measures revealed that in all the pathologic groups, placental blood flow was lower than in the controls. In all groups placental blood flow rose slightly 1 min after the cessation of exercise. The diabetics showed a decreased placental blood flow 30 min after the cessation of the exercise test (p>0.021. In diabetics, a fall was found in stroke volume, from 63 ± 12 ml (mean ± SD) before the exercise to 53 ± 11 ml 30 min after the cessation of exercise (p>0.051, and a rise in peripheral vascular resistance, from 1540± 200 (mean± SD) dynes/cm5before exercise to 1750 ± 390 dynes/cm530 min after the cessation of exercise (p>0.051. Pre‐eclamptic patients had a higher peripheral vascular resistance than had normal controls. Pre‐eclamptic, diabetic and cholestatic patients had lower cardiac index values than the normal subjects. The difference was significant in the pre‐eclamptic and diabetic patients at 30 min after the cessation of exercise. Maternal heart rate, and systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures rose significantly from values at rest to values at the end of exercise in all groups. One of the pre‐eclamptic patients showed a 74% decline in placental blood flow 1 min after the cessation of exercise coincident with fetal bradycardia. 30 min after the cessation of exercise the flow was 51% of the pre‐exercise value with reactive fetal heart rate tracing. It is concluded that at least in pregnancies complicated by hypertension or diabetes a submaximal short exercise can cause a fall of cardiac index and placental blood flow and, therefore should be avoided in

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004161

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntervillous placental blood flow responses to standardized exercise during late pregnancy were studied using a Xenon technique in 25 healthy women. Thirteen of them were studied twice between the 32nd and 38th weeks of pregnancy, with mean 32 (range 22 to 40) days between the studies. At the end of a 6–min exercise, mean maternal heart rate had risen from 77±10 (SD) to 154±11 beatshin, amounting to 63% of maximal oxygen uptake. Stroke volume rose by 9%, cardiac output by 65% and cardiac index by 71% as a consequence of exercise, but peripheral vascular resistance declined by 41 %. The placental blood flow was at a similar level after the exercise as before the exercise, being 95±19 (mean±SD) mllmin1100 ml of intervillous space before, 98±24 one min after, and 93 ±16 30 min after the cessation of exercise. No change was found in the level of placental blood flow between the 32–34th and 37– 38th weeks of pregnancy. The placental blood flow had a positive correlation with maternal weight, mean arterial blood pressure and with dia‐stolic blood pressure. Maternal heart rate, cardiac output, cardiac index, placental weight and the birth weight of the infant was not correlated with placental blood flow. It is concluded that in normal pregnancy a short submaximal exercise has little effect on placental blood flow measured a

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004162

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe use of oral contraceptives (OC) has been correlated to several diseases, primarily thromboembolic conditions. Whether these correlations represent a causal relationship or a mere statistical correlation based on other variables, depends on whether users of OC differ in other respects from women in fertile age not using OC. We interviewed 519 Danish women, 15‐45 years old and selected at random, concerning present and past use of OC, age, occupation, years of schooling, marital status, income, smoking habits, urbanization, and their opinion on the postulated thrombotic risk among users of OC. The data were analysed by methods for multivariate contingency tables.Opinions on the thrombotic risk, age, smoking habits and, to a lesser degree, regarding income, were directly correlated to the oral contraceptive use. There was no direct interaction between the use of OC and the other variables. Users of OC were younger and smoked more than the non‐users and were of the opinion that the use of OC implied only minor thrombotic risk, or none at

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004163

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe considered the possibility that herpetic recurrences and herpes virus associated neoplasia are mutually exclusive disorders because they are expressions of different herpes virus‐host relationships. We assumed that the human body copes with oro‐facial and genital herpes infections in the same manner. In our retrospective study, the relative risk of a history of fever blisters for cervical neoplasia was estimated to be 0.49, with 0.34 and 0.69 as the limits of the 95% confidence interval. It is suggested that recurrent herpes labialis is presumably a determinant of an effective immune response in gene

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004164

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of two new low‐dose oral contraceptives (triphasic ethinyl estradiollgestoden and monophasic ethinyl estradiolldesogestrel) on glucose tolerance, plasma insulin response to glucose, fasting plasma cortisol, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (C), HDL‐C, LDL‐C, VLDL‐C and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBGI were investigated in two groups of healthy women (n = 10). Investigations were performed prior to hormone ingestion and after treatment for 2 and 6 months. In both groups, fasting plasma levels of glucose and insulin as well as the areas below the glucose concentration curves were unchanged during treatment, whereas the insulin response to oral glucose was equally increased (p>0.05). Intake of both compounds was followed by similar increases in the levels of HDL‐C (p>0.05) and in the HDL‐C/total‐C (p>0.05). A transient decrease in the levels of LDL‐C was observed in both groups after two months. During intake of the gestoden‐containing compound increases in VLDL‐C and TG levels were registered after six months (p>0.05). Plasma levels of SHBG increased similarly in both groups (p>0.0l). The study indicates, that intake of both hormonal compounds is free from adverse effects on glucose tolerance and lipoprotein metabolism known to be of clinical significance. No differences in the metabolic effects were found betwee

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004165

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWomen undergoing prenatal diagnosis (n = 198) with amniocentesis or chorionic villous biopsy participated in a study of attitudes to information about the sex of the fetus. The women completed two questionnaires on different occasions and about one fourth of them were also interviewed. Furthermore, 20 of the women's consorts were interviewed. The possibility of obtaining information about the sex of the fetus was reported as unimportant for most of the women (78%). Nevertheless, 58% of them wanted to have the information. In the questionnaires, most of the women (84%) rejected the idea of having a legal abortion because of the fetus's sex. In a discussion during the interview, only 33% of the men and women dismissed the probability that in some situations, parents‐to‐be might wish to choose the sex of their child and to do so by means of prenatal diagnosis. At the same time, 57% of the participants deprecated this use of the diagnostic technique. Thus the participants’ answers were contradictory, indicating split attitudes to this problem. The results suggest that it is possible that people may wish to use PND to select the sex of their child. At the same time the way of answering indicates that there is a moral di

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004166

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, 4600 single live births were analysed concerning birth weight in relation to gestational age. At term, the median birth weight of females was 2900 g and of males 3010 g. Compared with Norwegian newborns, the birthweights of Nepali babies were lower for all corresponding gestational lengths. The differences increased with gestational age. Fundal height was lower in Nepali than in Norwegian pregnant women for all periods of pregnancy. An increase in the differences between Norwegian and Nepali women was also noted. Hematocrit values of Nepali women who did not take supplementary iron, correspond well to findings in Norwegian women without iron supplementation. Only a slight degree of hemoconcentration was noted towards term. For Norwegian women with iron supplementation the hematocrit values were much higher, with a tendency towards hemoconcentration near term. In Nepal the average woman probably has small iron stores, and without iron supplementation the hematocrit values will remain low throughout the pregnancy. The high altitude does not seem to cause hemoconcentration in pregnancy to a greater extent than at lower altitude. Hemoconcentration is therefore not a major causative factor of the lower birth weights.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004167

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe value of CA 125 measurement in the diagnosis and follow–up of ovarian cancer was studied in 102 patients. The CA 125 levels were elevated in 88% (3221365) of samples from 82 patients with clinical evidence of disease and in 14% (561403) of samples from 58 patients without clinical evidence. Preoperative levels were elevated in 84% (44152) of the patients, and in 100% of those with stage III and IV disease. In patients with non–mucinous tumors the preoperative levels were elevated in 95% of cases (38140). CA 125 levels were significantly correlated with the course of disease in 88% (36141) of patients whose tumor regressed, and in 87% 120123) of those whose tumor progressed. Before second–look surgery of 48 patients, the sensitivity of the CA 125 test was 35% and the specificity was 86%. The results suggest that, although far from infallible, CA 125 is a useful marker for ovarian cancer. It is useful for monitoring the course of chemotherapy, but normal levels do not rule out the possibility of persistent or recurrent di

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348809004168

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY