摘要:

SummaryChanges in total phospholipids, fatty acid composition and sulfhydryl groups were examined in the lungs of vitamin E deficient mice and rats.A decrease in the total phospholipid level was observed in the supernatant as well as in the sediment fractions of the lungs of vitamin E deficient animals.Most specific changes in fatty acid composition, observed in the lungs of vitamin E deficiency were the decrease of linoleic acid in the supernatant as well as the sediment fractions. Similar changes in the fatty acid composition were observed in the erythrocyte ghost of vitamin E deficient mice.The sulfhydryl contents based on tissue protein were slightly low, but not significant, in the lungs of vitamin E depleted animals.

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02904.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe author tried to clarify the changes of alkaline phosphatase activity and isozyme patterns in serum, liver, bone, kidney and small intestine of rats during development and organ origins of serum alkaline phosphatase appearing along with growing.Normal 30 rats were divided into 6 groups according to age and the alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and each organ was measured respectively. Alkaline phosphatase isozymes were separated by agar gel electrophoresis and the decreasing rate of alkaline phosphatase activity was measured by heat stability test.1) Organ alkaline phosphatase activity in rats was the highest in small intestine followed by the kidney and bone, and the lowest in the liver. In the change of alkaline phosphatase activity in organs according to age, no remarkable fluctuations were noted in the small intestine and the liver. In the kidney, a transient rise was noted in group 4. In the bone, the highest value was o btained in group 1 with gradual decrease, a slight rise was noted in group 5 and the lowest value in group 6.2) Serum alkaline phosphatase activity in rats was 2 to 3 times higher than that in human. The higher activity was noted in group 1 and 5, and the lowest in group 6.3) In alkaline phosphatase isozyme patterns in organs, the liver showed 2 bands and the other one band, and these isozymes showed different electrophoretic migration rates respectivery. The alkaline phosphatase isozyme pattern of liver consisted of two bands (L‐Ap1&L‐Ap2), and showed characteristic changes during development.4) The isozyme pattern of serum consisted of two bands (S‐Ap1&S‐Ap2)showed unique change during development.5) Heat stability test of serum and the organ alkaline phosphatase revealed that the order of the stability was as follows; L‐Ap1in the liver, the small intestine alkaline phosphatase, the kidney alkaline phosphatase, S‐Ap2in serum, the bone alkaline phosphatase, S‐Ap2in serum, and L‐Ap2in liver.6) These findings suggested that S‐Ap1in the serum was originated from the bone, and S‐Ap2in the serum was the mixture of small intestinal alkaline phosphatase and L‐Ap2of the liver. To sum up, the serum alkaline phosphatase of the rats in young age appeared to originated from bone and in the relatively old age group, other serum alkaline phosphatase originating from small intestine and or liver

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02905.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to clarify the organ origins of high serum alkaline phosphatase in children during development and in children with various diseases, the serum alkaline phosphatase activity and isozyme patterns of children, umbilical cord blood and pregnant woman were investigated by the agar gel electrophoresis and heat stability test. In two infant autopsy cases, isozyme patterns were also investigated in several organs.1) Serum alkaline phosphatase activity of children was about 2.5 to 3 times as high as that of adults. In the group below 1 year of age and the group between 11 and 15 years of age, the levels were higher than in other groups.2) Alkaline phosphatase isozyme pattern in normal serum was showed as a single band (band III) around the α2‐globulin fraction in all groups.3) The alkaline phosphatase isozyme patterns in normal serum were divided into a pattern with non‐shifting peak after heat treatment at 56°c for 10 minutes and another with shifting peak to α1‐globulin side. In younger groups, the pattern with non‐shifting peak was more frequently seen and with growing the pattern with shifting peak increased. In adults, the peak shifted in all cases after heat treatment.4) The decreasing rate of alkaline phosphatase activity of normal serum by heat treatment was within the range of about 70–80% in each age group without remarkable differences. No calculation was possible in adult group, because the activity was markedly low.5) Serum alkaline phosphatase activity of pregnant women showed slightly higher than umbilical cord blood, about 3 times higher than in normal adults.The isozyme patterns were different between sera of pregnant women and umbilical cord blood.The decreasing rate of alkaline phosphatase activity after heat treatment (56°c for 10 minutes) was less in serum of pregnant women than in other sera, showing greater heat stability.6) Serum alkaline phosphatase was always high in diseases of liver and bone.Five bands of alkaline phosphatase activity were noted in the sera of normal subjects, pregnant women and children with various diseases.In liver diseases without marked obstruction and in bone diseases, the alkaline phosphatase isozyme pattern appeared in α2‐globulin band (band III). In liver diseases with marked obstruction, α1‐globulin band (band II originated from the liver) and β‐globulin band (band V probably from intestine) appeared. In one case, an Albumin‐α1globulin band (band I) appeared.7) The alkaline phosphatase isozyme patterns in liver, bone, small intestine and kidney showed different electrophoretic migration rates indicating organ specificity.8) To sum up, serum alkaline phosphatase of the healthy children appeared to be originated from liver and bone. During childhood the alkaline phosphatase predominantly consists of bone origin, while in adults, major activity appe

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02906.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02907.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02908.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 1948 Ahlquest initially proposed the existence of alpha and beta receptors in smooth muscle to explain the different effects of various adrenergic drugs.1)The bronchi of patients with bronchial asthma are remarkably sensitive to various stimuli, for example, to pharmacological mediators of anaphylaxis, e.g. histamine, serotonine, acetylcholine and bradykinin.2)3)4)

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02909.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02910.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPregnant and non‐pregnant rats were fed the commercial chow with or without 7% L‐phenylalanine. Phenylalanine levels in the blood and various organs in these rats were determined by the fluorometric method.1) The liver and kidney levels were little influenced with 7% phenylalanine diet, whereas the brain level was elevated to approximately twice the normal value, when the blood levels was also increased to the same extent. The elevated levels of both brain and blood returned to normal levels after changing to normal diet.2) Blood phenylalanine levels in the fetus averaged twice as high as the maternal levels. Brain levels of phenylalanine in the fetus were remarkably elevated in proportion to the elevation of blood levels. On the other hand, the elevation of maternal brain levels were not proportional to that of blood lev

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02911.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWhen the patient was 1–2 years of age, the mother was treated with a total dose of 19 mCi131I for hyperthyroidism. Lactation continued during treatment. The patient became hypothyroid 2–3 years later, characterized by a markedly shortened stature. Treatment with desicated thyroid resulted in a euthyroid status and improvement of the short stat

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02912.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1973.tb02913.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY