ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01931.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Red blood cell deformability in sudden sensorineural deafness: another aetiology?Red blood cell deformability (RCD) was measured by a filtration technique in 12 patients with sudden sensorineural deafness. Five patients had reduced deformability, including 3 out of 4 patients with a recent upper respiratory tract infection. This may be an important factor in sudden deafness, more likely as a complicating factor of other disorders rather than as a truly primary aetiology. Factors and diseases which alter RCD are discussed and a possible link between the viral and vascular causes of idiopathic sudden deafness is suggested. While several lines of therapy seem promising there is still no clinically proved method for improving RCD. With the development of an acceptable therapeutic regimen, we feel that the possibility of reduced RCD should be considered and that a deformability test be included in the work‐up of patients with a sudden sensorineural hearing los

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01932.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Benign lesions of the vocal folds: uniformity in assessment of clinical diagnosisThe names given to a number of benign lesions of the vocal folds are not well standardized and lead to difficulties in comparing treatment. In the present study photographs of benign lesions of the larynx were presented to groups of clinicians together with a questionnaire, and the answers analysed. The results show great variation between clinicians in interpretation and naming of these lesions. Definitions are suggested for different benign conditions in order to standardize the nomenclature.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01933.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mastoid misery: quantifying the distress in a radical cavitySeventy‐eight mastoid cavities were studied in 39 patients who required revision surgery for troublesome symptoms. A retrospective questionnaire was used to assign a symptom score to each patient in his pre and post‐operative condition. The 5 leading symptoms of pain, wax, discharge, smell and giddiness were reviewed. A score of 15 points represented the worst case and zero the best. The average improvement after surgery was 4.7 points. Hearing was not considered in this st

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01934.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The sphenoiditis spectrumThis retrospective, comparative study involves 13 patients with sphenoiditis from 2 specialist centres: the Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, Gray's Inn Road (7 patients) and the National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen's Square (6 patients). It was found that the ENT patients had a very much longer history, had more nasal symptoms, and suffered none of the neurological complications attributable to the disease. All the neurological patients presented with a complication after a comparatively short history and had few nasal symptoms. One ENT patient was found to have a mucopyocoele, whereas 5 were found in the neurological patients, all of whom had bony deficiencies demonstrated by radiology and at surgery. Once diagnosed and treated the ENT patients all made full recoveries while 3 of the neurological patients remain with sequelae of the disease. Our study suggests that dehiscences of the surrounding bone increase the risk of potentially serious intracranial problems from sphenoiditis, whereas the chronicity of symptoms is of secondary importance.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01935.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Adult tonsillectomyOne hundred consecutive adult patients having tonsillectomy were carefully analysed with regard to preoperative history, operative findings and pathology (Tables 1 and 2). Follow‐up was made at 1 and 3‐year intervals, with particular reference to the patient's view of the outcome (Table 3). Results of operation were compared with the clinical course of 100 age and sex‐matched controls who had been on the waiting list for tonsillectomy for 2 or more years. These results are presented and a case is made for tonsillectomy in young adults as a valid and cost‐effective pr

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01936.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cough intensity in the laryngectomeeThe exact role or even the necessity for a functioning larynx in the production of an efficient cough is unknown. This study compares the cough intensity of 10 laryngectomees with a control group of 10 individuals with a larynx. There is no significant difference in the peak flow but the time taken to reach the peak flow is prolonged in the laryngectomees. The supramaximal expiratory flow is thus absent. The larynx is not essential for coughing although the different pattern may be less efficient. This simple test may have diagnostic value in assessing the larynx.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01937.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mechanics and materials in middle ear reconstructionThe normal anatomy and physiology of the middle ear is not reproduced in ossiculoplasty and an artificial mechanism for the transmission of sound results. This is true for all types of graft, be they of natural or man‐made material. There are, therefore, 2 areas for consideration when looking at the problems encountered in such reconstructions: first, the materials' biocompatability and, secondly, the mechanical effects of the positioning of the graft in the reconstructed ossicular chain. The present work examines these mechanical effects using the finite element method to determine stress and displacement levels in the reconstructed ossicular chain. It is found that the stress levels at the implant‐stapedial joint increases as the implant is gradually moved down the malleus. In contrast there is thought to be an increase in sound transmission as the implant is moved down the malleus. Changes in rigidity and hardness of the implant appear to make only modest stress attenuations at the implant‐stapes inte

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01938.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Subglottic laryngeal closure for aspirationAspiration may be life threatening, particularly in those patients with severe central neurological disease. From such a group of patients, several were identified who had severe laryngeal dysfunction and aspiration. The majority of patients in this subgroup existed in a neurologically vegetative state. In an attempt to reduce the degree of aspiration they experienced, the procedure of subglottic laryngeal closure was performed. Essentially, the operation is designed to isolate the tracheal airway from the incompetent larynx. The aim is to protect the lower airway from pharyngeal contamination. In all 5 patients there was a marked improvement in general and pulmonary health.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01939.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mastoid surgery in childhoodThe presenting features and operative findings in 105 patients aged 16 years or less undergoing mastoid surgery are reviewed. In 94%, surgery was for chronic otomastoiditis, usually acquired, and associated with cholesteatoma in 64%. Post‐operative otorrhoea persisted beyond 6 months in 44% and contralateral disease required some form of surgical procedure in 20%. Post‐operative hearing thresholds were improved or unchanged in the majority of patients, most of whom underwent cortical or modified radical mastoidectomy. An improvement in the therapeutic results of mastoid surgery in childhood is clearly necessary, but requires a greater understanding of the aetiology of chronic middle ear dise

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01940.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY