ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The clinical efficacy was assessed of a topical antiseptic (aluminium acetate) and a topical antibiotic (gentamicin sulphate) for the initial treatment of otorrhoea. Evidence of resistant organisms developing to either treatments after 9 and 21 days was also examined. 139 affected ears were entered into the trial and of these, 102 (74%) completed the study. Improvement in the otorrhoea occurred in 68% of ears treated with gentamicin and 67% of ears treated with aluminium acetate, with no significant difference between the two treatments. No resistant organisms to aluminium acetate were encountered. Twelve gentamicin‐treated ears had gentamicin‐resistant organisms at presentation and one patient developed a gentamicin‐resistant Pseudomonas during treatment. We therefore recommend a topical antiseptic such as aluminium acetate rather than a topical antibiotic in the initial treatment of otorrhoea on the grounds of cost, avoidance of resistance and tox

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seven patients with fibrous obliteration of the ear canal due to long‐standing otitis externa were seen at St Mary's Hospital during the past 10 years. Two patients underwent bilateral surgery making a total of 9 ear cases. Two patients developed early restenosis within 6 months of permeatal excision of the fibrous core and skin grafting, and one patient had late stenosis 4 years following postaural excision, meatoplasty and skin grafting. Two of these patients opted for revision surgery and a total of 6 patients (8 ear cases) underwent postaural excision with Korner flap canalplasty, enlargement of the bony ear canal and skin grafting. The average hearing gain was 25 dB in the speech frequencies and only one restenosis was seen at 3 years. This was successfully revised. Radical excisional surgery with a wide bony canalplasty is recommended in this conditio

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Over a 10‐year period the diagnosis Bell's palsy was made in 1293 patients. The files of 1235 patients were studied; the relevant data were stored in a computer and analysed. Factors analysed included the source of referral of the patients as well as their age and sex, the time of onset of the paralysis, recurrence, side of the face, and pregnancy. The incidence of hypertension, diabetes and other diseases was evaluated. The fate of the nerve is determined to a large extent in the first week of the disease. The nerve excitability test is a reliable predictor of the final outcome. The system of classification of recovery we have used for many years is compared to the International Facial Nerve grading system. If denervation and poor recovery are to be prevented as far as possible, early examination and treatment of selected patients with prednisone is mandatory. An important factor in recovery is the age of the patien

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Many suggestions have been made as to the most appropriate tests for the selection of patients for cochlear implantation. One of the most appropriate tests when selecting patients for a round window extracochlear device is stimulation of the round window itself by a temporary electrode of the same size. Fourteen patients have been tested, 7 of whom were judged to have a good response to electrical stimulation. Six patients have gone on to permanent implantation with a round window cochlear implant.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Emergency laryngectomy is a laryngectomy carried out for malignant obstruction of the upper airway within 24 h of admission. This combines relief of the obstruction with definitive primary cancer surgery, and is thought to reduce the risk of post‐laryngectomy stomal recurrence. During a 5‐year period, 13 patients with upper airway obstruction from squamous cell carcinoma were treated in two departments by emergency laryngectomy. Total laryngectomy was carried out after the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (n = 11), or piriform fossa (n = 2), had been confirmed by laryngoscopy and frozen section biopsy. The actuarial 5‐year survival was 47%, and no patient in this series developed stomal recurrence. The management of the airway obstruction, and the post‐laryngectomy complications, did not differ from those encountered with more conventional treatment. Our experience with this approach suggests that emergency laryngectomy is a satisfactory method of managing airway obstruction due to squamous cell carcinoma of the

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of sucking a lozenge containing 11 mg L‐menthol on reaction time and nasal sensation were investigated in a double blind trial on 60 subjects suffering from the common cold. Reaction time was determined by measuring the response time to a stimulus presented on a microcomputer screen and nasal sensation was scored on a visual analogue scale. Menthol ingestion compared to placebo caused a significant increase in nasal sensation of airflow which persisted for up to 30 min. The simple and choice reaction times measured before ingestion of the lozenge were similar to those found in healthy uninfected subjects and there was no change in reaction time after ingestion of mentho

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The frequency selectivity of the auditory system is mainly determined by the activity of the cochlea. A method of measuring this selectivity has been developed by recording the extra tympanic compound auditory nerve action potential using non‐simultaneous masking. This provides a non‐invasive 4‐point tuning curve centred at 4 kHz which demonstrates the typical features expected from animal experiments. The non‐interactive nature of the test makes it easy to perform and normative data has been collected on 10 s

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Epistaxis is the commonest ENT emergency requiring hospital admission. A seasonal variation in the admission rate has been documented. The role of weather in accounting for this variation is uncertain. A retrospective review of 686 adult hospital admissions for idiopathic spontaneous epistaxis over a 2‐year period in the Greater Glasgow area was carried out. The most significant weather parameter which correlated with monthly admissions was mean monthly temperature (Pearson's correlation coefficient ‐0.81,P<0.01). Admissions increased by over 100% from the warmest to the coldest months. This is the first report of the high correlation between hospital admissions for epistaxis and mean monthly temperat

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

After resolution of conditions necessitating tracheostomy in children, decannulation may be extremely difficult and associated with significant morbidity. Endoscopy and radiography can identify anatomical abnormalities preventing decannulation. Physiological abnormalities are, however, more difficult to assess. A system has been developed whereby functional upper airway resistance can be calculated in children with a tracheostomy. The instrument used was a modified Mercury Electronics rhinomanometer. A probe was placed through the tracheostome and another probe was situated in an occluding anaesthetic face mask. Upper airway resistance was derived from the differential pressure and flow changes recorded in anaesthetized children who were breathing spontaneously. Studies in 26 children have revealed low airway resistance in all those successfully decannulated. Further studies will hopefully allow identification in advance of children who will have decannulation difficulties.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY