ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01780.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effect of peroral penicillin‐V (55 mg/kg/day in 7 days)on acute otitis media was studied in 149 children between the ages of 1 and 10 years in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled investigation. The parameters of the disease employed were symptom scores for earache, fever and common cold, the use of analgetics, otoscopy, as well as tympanometry. The children were followed‐up for 3 months. Penicillin had no effect on fever and common cold, but earache was significantly reduced on the 2nd day of treatment. The acute course of the disease was satisfactory in 69% of the children in the placebo group and in 86% in the penicillin group. In patients with pneumococci or haemolytic streptococci in the nasopharynx, the pain disappeared after 1–2 doses of penicillin, whereas the treatment had no effect in children withHaemophilus influenzaeThere was no difference between the penicillin and the placebo groups with regard to the results of otoscopy and tympanometry after 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. No serious complications were observed. It is concluded that an attitude of ‘masterly inactivity’ with regard to the treatment of acute otitis media is justifiable, provided sufficient analgesic treatment is given and also that the patient can be closely followed. As there are still many unanswered questions more controlled investigations

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01781.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTBilateral conductive deafness is common in mandibulofacial dysostosis with or without atresia of the external auditory meatus. This deafness is due to a wide range of deformities of the ossicular chain associated with a characteristic reduction in the size of the middle ear cavity. The attic and antrum are particularly affected and usually have a slit‐like appearance on coronal section tomograms. The inner ear is essentially normal. The tomographic appearances of 44 ears from 22 patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis are described as well as the operative findings in 14. These were correlated with induced ear deformities in an animal model that had features characteristic of human mandibulofacial dysostosis. A review of the findings in the animal model suggests a very close correspondence with the human ear anomalies described at radiological investigation, operation and post‐mortem examination. The lesions are largely symmetrical and this, with the characteristic slit attic, helps to differentiate mandibulofacial dysostosis from lesions with different aetiology but similar features such as facial microsomia. The prospects for surgical correction of the deafness in mandibulofacial dysostosis range from very good in mild cases with ossicular discontinuity, to poor where there is severe atresia. The importance of tomograms at an early age is stres

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01782.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe carotid arterial system may be invaded by a tumour of the head and neck. The incidence and management of this eventuality have been reviewed previously in full by us.1The purpose of the present paper is to record the incidence of this event in a personal series.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01783.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTOsseous fixation of the malleus is discussed as a cause of a combined conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. The characteristic clinical, audiological and histological findings, as well as the aetiology of 66 patients with an idiopathic fixation of the head of the malleus is described. Ninety‐four per cent of these patients had a sensorineural component to their hearing loss far greater than the loss that could be attributed to presbyacusis. Idiopathic fixation of the head of the malleus was the second most common cause of the fixed malleus syndrome in the series of 168 ears operated on in the Ear, Nose and Throat Department of the University of Tübingen between 1972 and 1977. The treatment of choice is to keep the ossicular chain intact. Reconstruction of the disrupted chain is preferred in patients with poorly pneumatized mastoids. Only 15% of the patients with idiopathic fixation showed a significant improvement in their bone‐conduction after sur

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01784.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA study of the surgical anatomy and pathology of the round window was performed on a total of 292 serially sectioned temporal bones. The surgical approach to the round window is discussed with consideration of the anatomical findings. In the pathological study obliteration of the round window niche occurred as a congenital anomaly, in otosclerosis, chronic otitis media and as an end result in suppurative labyrinthitis. Clinical reports seem to indicate that obliteration of the window is associated with a significant hearing loss, contrary to the findings in experimental animals. In chronic otitis media the round window is a pathway for spread of infection to the labyrinth, but also the finding of perilymphatic precipitates adjacent to the window in some ears suggests that certain inflammatory products may enter the scala tympani through the round window and so lead to high tone sensorineural hearing loss.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01785.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe bioactive glass ceramic ‘Ceravital’ was used to fashion protheses for the replacement of various ossicles in the middle ear. They were tested in 70 rabbit ears, where they were accepted in osseous areas without formation of surrounding fibrous tissue. Histological examinations regularly showed an osseous bond with the surrounding bony tissue. Mucous membrane covered these ossicular chain prostheses and showed no evidence of inflammatory reactions. Glass ceramic implants were also used to reconstruct the ossicular chain and the posterior wall of the outer ear canal in 100 patients. The functional results were satisfactory in all ca

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01786.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis is the last of a series of 4 articles detailing the history of 20 893 stapedectomies over an 18‐year period. In this fourth part, the authors study long‐term functional results in relation to the type of stapedectomy, the importance of the cochlear involvement and the general pathology, mainly vascular. They come to the conclusion that good long‐term functional results imply the necessity of combining a carefully performed stapedectomy using a living tissue graft, a strict audiometric surveillance and an adequate postoperative therapy, including (if necessary) an extensive fluoride th

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01787.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1981.tb01788.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY