ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the study of cochlear function an animal model in which apical outer hair cells could be destroyed with retention of inner hair cells would be valuable. Our object was to attempt to reproduce a reported method in a scientific manner. Behavioural response thresholds to pure tones were recorded in 7 monaural chinchillas. In 5, Kanamycin was administered in ototoxic dosage until the thresholds deteriorated. The other 2 served as controls. Cochlear histology was assessed from embedded surface preparations. In only one of the 5 animals was the aim achieved. In this animal outer hair cells were absent virtually throughout the cochlea and inner hair cell retention was basal. The thresholds were elevated on average 40 dB throughout the frequency range. This is in keeping with current concepts of cochlear function.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Comparison of reported series of laryngeal lesions is complicated by the inconsistency in the terminology. The classification of these lesions should logically be based on the degree of dysplasia, as this has a bearing on the prognosis. The material for this study consisted of 193 patients with hyperplasia and/or keratosis, with or without mild dysplasia (Group I), moderate dysplasia (Group II), and severe dysplasia and carcinomain situ(Group III). They were treated over a 14‐year period (1966–1979) at Linköping University Hospital. Of the 98 patients in Group I available for follow‐up, 23 had repeat excisions. Moderate dysplasia developed in 3 patients, severe dysplasia in 2, and invasive carcinoma in another 2 within 3 and 3.5 years; they both underwent laryngectomy. Among the 24 patients in Group II available for follow‐up, severe dysplasia developed in 3 and invasive carcinoma in 3 up to 13 years after the initial diagnosis, all but one (with severe dysplasia) received a full course of radiotherapy, in one case total laryngectomy was subsequently performed for recurrent carcinoma. Of the 39 patients with severe dysplasia and carcinomain situ16 were given primary radiotherapy; 4 of these developed invasive carcinoma; 3 of them underwent total laryngectomy and one partial laryngectomy. Excision or stripping of the vocal cords was the primary treatment in 23 cases; 5 of these developed invasive carcinoma; 2 of them underwent total laryngectomy. Diffuse lesions and well differentiated forms of severe dysplasia caused most problems and had the highest incidence of invasive carcinoma irrespective of the form of treatment. Patients with hyperplasia, keratosis, dysplasia and carcinomain situshould be carefully followed up, as invasive carcinoma may develop many years after the initial d

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to contribute to the knowledge of the possible causes of Ménière's disorder, the authors have conducted systematic studies based on blood analysis and on petrous bone radiological examinations in patients suffering from unilateral Ménière's disorder and in two control groups, one of patients with unilateral sudden sensorineural deafness and the other one of normally hearing subjects suffering from neurological diseases. Blood tests have revealed systemic disorders (dyslipidosis, hypoglycaemia, hyperglicaemia, hypothyroidism, lues) in 49%, 48% and in 50% of the subjects respectively with Ménière's disorder, with sudden deafness, and with normal hearing. As to the radiological study, changes of the temporal bone (absence or small cells pneumatization and/or absence or narrowing of the vestibular aqueduct) were found in 78% of ears with Ménière's disorder, in 34% of ears with sudden deafness and in 46% of norm

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The material lying within the crypts of 11 human palatine tonsils was studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. There was a mixture of desquamated epithelial cells and various non‐epithelial cells, mainly lymphocytes, with some mononuclear pahgocytes and plasma cells, and a few erythrocytes, neutrophil leucocytes and mast cells. Many of the cells were degenerating and there was a great deal of cellular debris. The non‐epithelial cells seemed to have entered the crypts from the lining epithelium, probably by being caught up between superficial squamous epithelial cells as they sloughed into the lumen. The widespread cellular degeneration in the crypts suggested that the cells were being lost from the body and that they had no further immunological or phagocytic function. This also suggested that the first level of defence mechanisms of the tonsil was in the epithelium, not in the crypt lu

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Experiments on the pig and the human to measure retraction of skin flaps are described. Animal experiments show that it is dependent on the original length of the flap, and on the original length to breadth ratio for flaps perpendicular to the tension lines. The most important factor is the position of the flap relative to the tension lines. Flaps perpendicular to these lines do not retract and may indeed become longer, whereas flaps parallel to these lines retract by about 30%.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a study of 57 lateral cervical lesions, 46 cysts were found to form a homogeneous group and four sinuses and fistulae formed another homogeneous group. The cysts lay behind the angle of the mandible, and were lined by stratified squamous epithelium resting on lymphoid tissue, with part of the wall resembling a lymph node. The sinuses and fistulae had life‐long external openings and were muscular tubes lined by respiratory‐type epithelium. The other seven lesions had some other structure. Such uniformity of clinico‐pathological features of supposed branchial lesions has not been demonstrated before and no explicit definition of them has ever been published. We suggest that our empirical findings in the two groups of lesions can be used as clinico‐pathological definitions of ‘branchial cysts’ and ‘brachial sinuses and fistulae’ respectively. Lesions with other features should be gi

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01563.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY