ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To determine the frequency of renal dysfunction associated with the use of aminoglycosides with cyclosporine A (CyA) in children, the records of 26 consecutive children receiving CyA after liver transplantation were reviewed. Fourteen patients with normal baseline serum creatinine concentrations received an aminoglycoside postoperatively. These children received CyA and an aminoglycoside for 249 days (average, 17.8 days/patient). Forty of the 249 days included treatment with vancomycin or amphotericin B. Twelve children (86%) showed no evidence of renal dysfunction after aminoglycoside therapy. Two children developed renal dysfunction and eventually succumbed. In neither case could aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity be identified as the main cause of renal dysfunction. Multiple other factors, including ischemia and high CyA concentrations, probably contributed to renal deterioration. We conclude that aminoglycosides can be used safely in children receiving CyA following liver transplantation, provided serum CyA concentrations are followed closely and other risk factors for renal dysfunction are minimized.

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A 1-year prospective study was undertaken of 65 prepubertal girls referred for evaluation of sexual abuse or vulvovaginitis to compare Chlamydiazyme®, an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), with culture for the detection ofChlamydia trachomatisin vaginal specimens. Five (8%) of 65 patients were initially EIA-positive. On repeat sampling without intervening antibiotic treatment, 4 girls who were initially positive became negative and 1 remained persistently positive. Chlamydial cultures were negative in all patients. The patient with the persistently positive EIA also had Group A streptococcal vaginitis. We were able to demonstrate that some strains of Group AStreptococcuscan cause a positive reaction with the EIA. Cross-reactions with other bacterial species are also known to occur. We therefore conclude that Chlamydiazyme® is not specific for the detection of chlamydial infection in the vagina of prepubertal girls and, for medicolegal reasons, should not be used for evaluation of sexual abuse.

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We cultured middle ear fluid specimens obtained by tympanocentesis from 111 Colombian infants and children, ages 11 days to 11 years, with acute otitis media. Bacteria were isolated in 82 patients (7.4%).Haemophilus influenzae, the most common isolate, was present in 40 cases (36%); 32 were nontypable strains and 8 were type b.Streptococcus pneumoniae, identified in 26 cases (22%), was the second most common pathogen. AllH. influenzaeandS. pneumoniaestrains were susceptible to ampicillin and penicillin, respectively. We conclude that amoxicillin remains the drug of choice for treatment of acute otitis media in our country.

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Antimicrobial treatment of nontyphoidalSalmonellagastroenteritis is usually advocated for infants younger than 3 months of age based on published data showing that infants in this age group are more prone to have bacteremia and develop extraintestinal focal infections. A review of nontyphoidalSalmonellaisolates from our institution from January, 1981, through March, 1988, was undertaken to assess the role of age and specific serovar on the incidence of bacteremia. Two hundred twenty isolates were identified: one cerebrospinal fluid, 14 blood and 205 stool. The mean age of patients with bacteremia was 182 months, not significantly different from the mean age of 142 months for patients with stool isolates.Salmonella weltevredenwas the most frequent isolate accounting for 23% of all isolates and all isolates of this organism were from stool cultures. Patients withS. weltevredeninfections had mean and median ages of 50 and 2.5 months and were younger than patients with stool isolates from other serovars who had mean and median ages of 174 and 38 months. Infants younger than 3 or 6 months of age with positive stool cultures in whom blood cultures were obtained did not demonstrate a higher incidence of bacteremia than did older patients. We conclude that the incidence of bacteremia in patients with nontyphoidalSalmonellagastroenteritis is highly related to the invasiveness of the infecting specificSalmonellaserovar.

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0891-3668    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID