ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review summarize and annotates the most important advances in the field of cardiac clinical electrophysiology over the past year. It focuses on the recent insights into the molecular mechanisms of arrhythmias, the expanding spectrum of indications for radiofrequency catheter ablation, and the progress in implantable defibrillator technology.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

New techniques for the measurement of cardiac output, which have been advocated for their minimal invasiveness or continuous mode of analysis or both, are now being critically evaluated in clinical practice. Ventricular pressure-volume and pressure-flow analysis have generated improved indexes of cardiac performance and have led to a better understanding of ventriculo-vascular couplilng. Assumptions required for non-invasive measurement of ventricular pressures and volumes, and the absence of simple on-line analysing techniques remain the major limitations to their standard clinical use.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Much has changed in the field of myocardial ischemia over the past 3 years. The central assumption that coronary artery disease is synonymous in men and women is under revision. Increasingly, the medical community is recognizing the importance of an altered presentation of the myocardial ischemic syndrome in women. Indeed, the very definition of ischemia itself is under revision.There is mounting evidence that ischemia requires a two-stage definition: the first for biochemical evidence and the second for physiological. The method by which one makes the diagnosis of ischemia is also constantly being reviewed. The use of Holter monitoring for ischemic diagnosis is still a topic for debate. Specifically, whether to use two or three leads and where those leads should be placed remains controversial. In fact, there is some question now as to not only the importance of silent ischemia but also whether all angina is ischemia. There is evidence to suggest that some angina is only memory.The traditional epidemiological view of coronary atherosclerotic risk factors is also under review and refinement. An accelerated rate of decline in ventilatory function, lactose tolerance, and serum levels of homocysteine are some of the new epidemiological risk factors that are touted as equal or superior to the traditional ones for predicting long-term mortality and morbidity.And what of the role of inflammation in triggering thrombosis and plaque rupture? Is the incidence of thrombosis the same wherever an atherosclerotic plaque occurs? Is fibrinogen an important risk factor? This review will briefly examine the new findings in each of these areas and discuss the relevant material where appropriate.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In recent years, the perioperative use of transesophageal echocardiography has expanded dramatically. The major reasons for this rapid expansion are first, the development of echocardiographic equipmnt that provides high-quality information; second, the greater mobility of echocardiographic equipment; third, a growing body of evidence indicating that perioperative echocardiographic information does influence patient outcomes; and fourth, an increasing number of anesthetists and intensivists with advanced echocardiographic skills.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In most instances cardiac valve disease is treated surgically by either replacing or by reconstructing the diseased valve. Recently, more insight has been gained in the field of bioprostheses for cardiac valve replacement. Allograft (homograft) valve replacement is traditionally the first choice in acute aortic valve endocarditis. Recently, mitral homograft implantation has been developed, with good short-term results in acute endocarditis. The pulmonary autograft in the Ross procedure is well suited for valve treatment in children and young adults owing to its potential for growth, excellent haemodynamics, and low risk of infection, thrombosis and embolic complications without anticoagulation treatment. Stentless heterograft prostheses in aortic position were recently developed and are likely to provide a good option for aortic valve replacement in the small aortic root. Finally, whenever a mitral valve replacement is required by a mechanical or stented bioprosthesis, novel techniques have been developed to combine this with the preservation of the entire subvalvular apparatus. This procedure preserves postoperative left ventricular function.

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0952-7907    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID