ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince the advent of cardiovascular angiography only a few decades ago (1), a massive number of data related to the ventricular function have been accumulated. Specifically, left ventricular (LV) geometry, volumes, and patterns of contractility have been extensively investigated (2–7), especially in patients with coronary artery disease (8–11). In contrast, much less attention has been given to the characteristics of the right ventricle (RV). This has been due partially to the fact that the LV was always considered to be the more important chamber of the heart. The relative neglect of RV performance has been further compounded by difficulties in analyzing the geometry of the RV chamber: while the LV configuration approximately resembles an ellipsoid of revolution (and therefore lends itself to relatively simple mathematical analysis), the RV has always been considered a somewhat amorphous structure that does not yield to simple geometric manipulation.In this review, recent approaches to the angiographic measurements of RV volumes and ejection fraction are exami

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPercutaneous coronary arteriography has been associated with numerous reports of embolic complications. Efforts to minimize such complications have focused upon normal hemostatic functions and the possible preventative role of systemic heparin. In considering the source and prevention of catheter emboli it is useful to review the mechanisms by which particulate matter may be introduced into the aortic root and to recognize that foreign material unaffected by anticoagulation may constitute a significant source of emboli. A simple technical protocol described in this communication has been followed during 3,500 percutaneous transfemoral coronary arteriograms using the Judkins approach. During this experience no embolic complications have been observed.

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNew methodology, utilizing electromagnetic principles, has been developed for the measurement of regional vascular blood flow in intact animals and man. The flow sensor consists of a fine, insulated wire loop which has a small electrode on each side of the loop. This loop‐probe, which is inserted like a guidewire through standard cardiac or angiographic catheters, springs open upon emerging from the catheter, and the electrodes are automatically applied to diametrically opposite sides of the inner vascular wall. This miniaturization of the flow sensor has been achieved by imposing the magnetic field which pervades the artery from a coil located outside the body. As blood flows through the vessel across the magnetic field, the induced voltage across the blood column detected between the electrodes is proportional to the volume rate of blood flow. The loop‐probe can be used simultaneously as an arterial diameter gauge. Means are described for achievement of a reliable, nonocclusive zero‐flow baseline and flow calibr

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of an abnormal maximal treadmill stress test (MTST) was correlated with coronary risk factors in 1,077 asymptomatic adults (709 men and 368 women) in Long Beach, California. Of 1,077 adults, 113 (10.5%) had a positive MTST. A positive MTST was correlated with sex (p<0.001), age (p<0.001), a serum cholesterol ≥ 200 mg% (p<0.02), hypertriglyceridemia (p<0.05), cigarette smoking (p<0.025), and with the number of coronary risk factors (p<0.005) but not with hypertension, cigar or pipe smoking, obesity, or blood suga

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of hypertonic glucose infusion on the anginal threshold determined by atrial pacing was studied in 14 patients with significant coronary artery disease. After glucose, angina occurred at a significantly lower heart rate and double product (systolic arterial pressure × heart rate), suggesting a decreased tolerance to ischemic stress. No stoichiometric relationship was noted between glucose uptake and lactate production, and there was no evidence that hypertonic glucose infusion resulted in enhanced anaerobic glycolysis in the ischemic myocardium. Acute elevation of plasma glucose levels may not be beneficial to patients with coronary artery disease

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe usefulness of isometric handgrip exercise in the assessment of left ventricular function was studied in 27 patients, all of whom had angiographically documented coronary artery disease. The effect of extensiveness of coronary disease and presence or absence of collaterals (both delineated by coronary arteriography) on the response to handgrip stress was also evaluated. Of 11 patients with a normal handgrip response, 4 exhibited a normal left ventriculogram and 7 were abnormal. Of these 7, 6 had inferior hypokinesis. Conversely, of 16 patients with an abnormal response, to handgrip, 15 had abnormal ventriculograms. Of these, 9 had anterior akinesis. Of patients with a normal handgrip response 82% had two‐ or three‐vessel coronary disease, and 94% with an abnormal response exhibited two‐ or three‐vessel obstruction. There was no observed correlation between the presence or absence of collaterals and the response to handgrip. This study indicates that (1) handgrip stress, when combined with left ventriculography, often yields important additional information regarding the effect of localized contraction abnormalities on overall left ventricular performance; (2) the extent of coronary obstructive disease or the presence of collaterals per se do not appear to be the primary determinants of left ventricular performance; (3) it is possible that the location as well as severity and extent of left ventricular contraction abnormality may play an important role in determining overall left ventricular perf

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough the measurement of left atrial diameter (LAD) is a standard part of anyechocardiographic examination, the normal range for adults has never been well established or correlated with body surface area (BSA) and sex. We studied 100 males and 100 females whose ages ranged from 15 to 70 years, with no evidence of mitral value disease or other form of heart disease which might cause left atrial enlargement. All measurements were obtained between the external surface of posterior aortic root (AR) and the internal surface of the left atrial wall and were recorded at ventricular end diastole (ED) as well as end systole (ES). The LAD at ED ranged from 9.5 to 29.5 mm with a mean of 19 mm ± 5.0 S.D.; the diameter at ES ranged from 18.3 mm to 38.7 mm with a mean of 28.5 mm ± 5.1 S.D. The mean LAD at ED was 20.7 mm ± 4.8 S.D. in males compared to the mean diameter of 18.3 ± 4.9 S.D. in females which represents a significant difference (p<0.001). The LAD did not correlate with BSA. The left atrial dimension by ultrasound in these 200 normal patients was compared with the same measurement in 50 catheterized patients with mitral valve disease and proven left atrial enlargement. When absolute values of the left atrial dimension both at end systole and end diastole were determined by ultrasound, there was a clear separation between normal and abnormal (p<0.00

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo patients with a prolapse and cleft posterior mitral leaflet were studied. The first case had an associated ostium secundum type atrial septal defect. In both cases, the pansystolic regurgitation of contrast material during angiography corresponded to the pansystolic configuration of the murmur. In each instance, the systolic murmurs displayed a late systolic accentuation during the maximal prolapse of the mitral valve. The echocardiographic studies demonstrated only a late systolic prolapse which in both patients corresponded angiocardiographically to the maximum buckling of the pansystolic prolapse. Echocardiographic and angiocardiographic features of cleft posterior mitral valve leaflet are discussed.

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis is a report of the echocardiographic findings in a 9‐year‐old white female with primary pulmonary arterial hypertension confirmed by catheterization and later at autopsy. The reported findings of an absent “a” wave, a flat diastolic E to F slope, and a midsystolic closure of the pulmonic valve were observed. In addition, tricuspid valve prolapse was noted. Prolapse of the tricuspid valve may be part of the mechanism of tricuspid insufficiency in a patient with pulmonary hyper

ISSN:0098-6569    

DOI:10.1002/ccd.1810020111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY