摘要:

California's eight‐month‐old comprehensive coastal zone planning and management program was enacted by vote of the people through the initiative process (Proposition 20). The new law created one state, and six regional commissions and requires them to prepare a comprehensive, long‐range plan for the conservation and use of California's coastal zone resources. During the planning process, the commissions must exercise strict permit controls over all new developments in the coastal zone.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361663

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361664

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

For most lands, the state of their ecosystems and the economic status and cultural attitudes of their people form a structure on which rests the quality of life. For citizens of ocean islands, this structure is welded together so tightly that a change in one element is quickly felt by the others. Moreover, because of the limited sizes and natural resources of ocean islands, these lands tend also to react quickly and sometimes radically to change. This fact can be verified by our noting that acts affecting, say, a reef system, or an island's tax structure, or a shrine, can have immediate and profound effects on the lives of islanders. We see, therefore, that islands are not chips off a mainland but unique entities with their own priorities. With respect to coastal zone management, problems of importance involve shore area planning, development of natural resources, energy management, and water management.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361665

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper has three major aims: First, to put the problems lumped under the rubric “Coastal Zone Management,”; in perspective; second, to set out a general framework for the construction of coastal zone management models; and third, to discuss institutional problems, particularly those involved in organizing coastal zone research and in transferring the results of that research to the managers and social decision‐makers. A fundamental point is that many of the problems commonly discussed in the context of the coastal zone are conceptually the same as “inland”; problems with a long history of research and applied management. While there are complications introduced by the peculiarities of the marine and estuarial environment, it is hardly necessary to begin as though nothing were known. Those problems involving large‐scale natural systems such as ocean currents, marine fisheries and tropical storms, are, however, unique in the coastal zone. These problems also are properly managed at the national level, and a sensible organization for research probably should involve expansion of NOAA's facilities, particularly in the direction of the social sciences.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361666

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper outlines a rationale and technique for putting a cash value on the ecological values of a tidal marsh. The summation of calculated values for individual components of the system approaches a total “life support”; value based on the primary productivity of the marsh. Using this value, an analysis is made of the cost of highway construction through coastal marshes which takes into consideration the marshland destroyed. The analysis suggests that, except for cases of very shallow spoil removal, bridging is cheaper and ecologically preferable to filled roadway construction.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361667

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Wetlands preservation has recently become a favored cause of conservationists. Protection of wetlands is justified primarily on grounds of their beneficial biological and hydrological effects, so it is to the physical sciences that government and the public turn for the formulation of management policies. But scientific knowledge cannot be translated directly into good resource policy for society. Despite growing scientific sophistication, we are limited in our ability to understand and to predict the effects of man‐induced change on natural systems, especially ones as complex as the Chesapeake Bay and its associated wetlands.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361668

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Analysis of recent substantive coastal land use management laws shows that their main thrust is to provide for protection of the coastal environment from adverse impacts of uncontrolled development. The four purposes cited most frequently among laws of 17 states were: Protection of wildlife and fisheries, protection of ecosystems or the natural environment, control of development, and enhancement of esthetic values. Other purposes were to: Protect life and property, enhance public recreation, conserve soil, and protect water resources. Development and economic purposes were cited in relatively few laws.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361669

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Maine's Shoreland Zoning Project provides technical assistance to the towns, cities and plantations of the state to enable them to prepare local plans and ordinances needed to comply with the 1971 Shoreland Zoning Law. The Shoreland Zoning Guidelines are also reproduced. The Guidelines have proved workable and are widely used by local governments within the state.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361670

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361671

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757309361672

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor