ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757709361738

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1977

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Washington State's first three years of experience (1971–1974) with the Shoreline Management Act are examined and evaluated in this article. The study focuses on the permit management system mandated by the SMA and describes how shoreline permits are issued and appealed, examines problems encountered in translating legislative policy into administrative action, and assesses the effect of the Shoreline Management Act on the allocation of coastal resources. Criteria for the assessment are derived from the policy of the Act and include: (1) minimizing environmental damage, (2) enhancing public access and recreation, and (3) encouraging water‐dependent uses.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757709361739

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1977

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This part of the article considers legal issues associated with compliance with grant conditions and participation in the development of coastal zone management programs. Since the assistance under the Act is in the form of conditional grants, the granting agency is, in principle, obligated to secure compliance with the grant conditions. Most of the administrative review of grantee performance occurs in the day‐to‐day work process, with the presence of congressional review acting as a prod. The Act, the implementing regulations and the grant instruments provide for mechanisms to cope with most contingencies, at least, in a general way. However, other devices should also be evaluated and adopted, if feasible. Lax enforcement of grant conditions may invite thirdparty intervention and thereby rob the granting agency of some of its initiative and control over the dispute settlement process, including litigation. The basically attractive idea of participation is developed in numerous legal guarantees, invitations and procedures. Some uncertainty remains whether the verbal structures can be translated into action approximating what was, apparently, intended. The looseness of standards for participation might be used by parties pursuing diverse objectives to impede coastal zone management activities. Some conclusions and recommendations drawn from the entire article appear at the end.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757709361740

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1977

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An estuarine sanctuary is a store of public values due to the ecological, cultural, recreational, aesthetic, historic, and economic services provided by the preserve. These values may be expected to increase over time because of (1) growth in the population demanding estuarine services, (2) growth in the willingness to pay for such services, and (3) growth in the actual quality and quantity of services which are provided by a protected natural system. Thus an estuarine sanctuary will be more valuable to future generations than to current generations. When weighing the cost and benefits of a preservation or development decision, a preservation decision which seems currently undesirable may in fact be socially beneficial when growth in the value of estuarine services is included.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757709361741

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1977

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A study was conducted to determine the degree of regional utilization of remote sensing data from the NASA Wallops four‐year old Chesapeake Bay Ecological Program. Forty‐three managerial agencies utilized the data in more than 80 projects related to regional management. User and project emphases were categorized on a primary and secondary basis. The results of the study indicate that remote sensing is being practically applied to the accomplishment of a diverse variety of managerial objectives by a significant proportion of the public agencies of the middle‐Atlantic states.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757709361742

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1977

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Challenge of Deepwater Terminalsby Louis K. Bragaw, Henry S. Marcus, Gary G. Raffale, and James R. Townley.

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757709361743

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1977

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8339    

DOI:10.1080/08920757709361737

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1977

数据来源: Taylor