摘要:

The possible existence of kinetic and/or metabolic interactions between Rifampicin and Isoniazid was investigated in man; the effect of the concomitant presence of an impaired liver function was also studied. The results have shown that both in normal subjects and in patients with impaired liver function the kinetics and metablism of each drug given alone are not significantly different from that observed when the other drug is associated. The serum levels of each drug were significantly higher in patients with chronic liver impairment.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194956

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study, carried out in 100 African patients on intermittent therapy with RMP in high dosage (30 mg/kg) combined with INH or EMB, has shown that high and long-lasting RMP serum levels could be obtained, covering a 24-hour period. The mean RMP peak levels reached 17.7 µg/ml, the mean serum levels after 12 h still 6.4 µg/ml and after 24 h 1.3 µg/ml. No signs of accumulation have been observed after administration of three such high doses on alternate days. On the contrary the 12- and 24-hour serum levels were significantly lower after the second and third drug administration. Patients treated with RMP-INH had somewhat higher RMP serum levels than patients with RMP-E

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194957

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The pharmacological effect of an intermittent therapy with RMP in high dosage (30 mg/kg) on the liver function tests has been studied in 100 African patients. A temporary increase of the serum levels of total and direct bilirubin above the normal values has been observed in the majority of the patients on the day of drug administration. However, no signs of alteration of the liver function (bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT) were apparent 48 h after four RMP administrations in high dosage on alternate days during the first week, nor after 10 weeks of weekly intermittent therapy, even in patients with slightly disturbed liver function before treatment. Therefore, this type of intermittent therapy may be considered as raelly save.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194958

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To complement the many findings already reported, RMP serum levels were determined in 60 patients. Determinations were done by the microbiological method of agar diffusion (test organism, Sarcina lutea); and results were assessed by means of standard curves. The patients were receiving long-term therapy with RMP in combination with other tuberculostatic agents. Serum levels were determined before, and 90 min and 3 h after 600 mg of RMP were given on an empty stomach. The absolute serum concentrations measured, the times when peak levels were reached, and the considerable individual variations in some cases, agreed largely with the results of other investigations using comparable methods. Long-term administration of RMP and the combination with other tuberculostatic agents did not affect the serum levels to any notable extent, though the group of patients given RMP therapy for more than 6 months did show definitely the highest serum concentrations. On the other hand it should be stressed that a single total dose every 24 hours is only the best method in the treatment of tuberculosis, and not of other bacterial infections. With the latter, the dose should be preferably divided into two per day, because nonspecific organisms causing infections produce new generations at about 4 times the rate shown by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Experimental studies seem to indicate that intermittent therapy with high doses promises much for the treatment of tuberculosis, but this still requires further clinical investigation.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194959

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 249 patients with ventilatory insufficiency the PaCO2 predicted using Burrows’ formula 11.5/FEV1•36.7 mmHg was always lower than the one measured in a blood gas apparatus. This occurred independently of the degree of oxygenation of the arterial blood and it did not make any difference if the FEV1 used was the one obtained before or after bronchodilators. This lack of correlation between predicted and measured PaCO2 is explained by individual variati

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192801

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In eight normal subjects, ten patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (group A) and seventeen patients with chronical pulmonary emphyema (group B) oxygen dissociation curves were determined by using the classical method of blood gas analysis according to Peters and Van Slyke. The curves were reproduced graphically. The mean curve of normal subjects corresponds well with the observations of other autors. Group A showed a significant rightward shift of the dissociation curve with a loose relationship to the present pH of arterial blood and the degree of rightward deviation. Group B showed a different course of the curves. In the state of complete cardial compensation the dissociation curve was partly displaced to the left, while in rightheart insufficiency a rightward displacement was observed. In some cases the curve was displaced to the left in the lower part, but to the right in the upper part. Factors which may be due to the displacement of the curves are discussed on the basis of literature.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192802

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

2,570 strains of tuberculosis bacilli were tested against 12 tuberculostatics and also against the recently marketed compound Rifampicin. The culture medium employed was Löwenstein-Jensen and the solvent for Rifampicin was either DMSO or dimethylformamide; both were equally efficient. Due to a certain instability of the medicament in the culture medium, the minimal inhibitory concentrations determined varied between 0.5 and 16 µg Rifampicin/ml culture medium. The highest percentage was 4 µg/ml; in the case of the control strain H 37 Rv it was 4–8 µg/ml. 18 of the strains tested were resistant to Rifampicin. The possibility of the rapid development of resistance to Rifampicin, if therapy is carried out without due care, is indi

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194960

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

20 patients with various forms of evolutive, colliguative tuberculous lesions of the bones and joints were treated with Rifampicin (RMP) administered systemically and locally (intra-focal injection). Blood, urine and pus samples were taken 3, 6,9, 12 and 24 h after systemic administration and at the same intervals and, in addition, 48 and 72 h after local administration; microbiological and spectrophotometric methods were used for the assay. Good diffusibility was noted at the focus level after systemic treatment only in recent and not in long-standing cases, which need additional local treatment. In the latter condition the drug persists a long time (7 and even 30 days in 1 case) after local administration. Indications for RMP therapy on the basis of these data are discussed.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194961

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000194953

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Total lung capacity and its subdivisions, maximum breathing capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec were measured using a 9 1 spirometer in 200 male and 161 female normal Turkish subjects 21 to 40 years old to establish normal values. The subjects were from different socio-economic communities. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship of the measurements to age and the physical characteristics of the body, and the best regression equations were found for predicting lung volumes and maximum breathing capacity (MBC). Best prediction formulae were, in general, found to be based on body height and age. All volumes and MBC were found to be higher in males, and taller subjects had higher lung volumes and MBC in both sexes. The comparisons were made between present absolute values and the values obtained from literature, and between the correlation coefficients of present data and those of others. Some prediction formulas reported in the literature were also applied to the present data and the difference between the calculated and observed mean values was shown. It was concluded that the data from the present study were in agreement with those of some authors but at variance with others. These discrepancies can be explained by the different age range, different occupations and races and also by the difference in physical fitness of the subjects in the different studies.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000192803

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger