摘要:

Experiments were carried out to determine whether water content-induced airway resistance increase could be potentiated by facial cold or increased by subsequent exposure to increased inspired water content. The result showed: (a) the product airway resistance times intrathoracic gas volume at functional residual capacity (Raw × Vtg) increase with increased inspired water content; (b) the increase in Raw × Vtg was greater on the second exposure to a water content of 16g/m3 (31 °C, 50% relative humidity); (c) superimposition of facial cold application while inhaling air with a water content of 16 g/m3 led to a further increase in Raw × Vtg, and (d) it is suggested that increased inspired water content increases the responsiveness of the tracheobronchial

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193094

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 49 patients with obstructive airways disease and 15 normal subjects O2 and CO2 tension in arterial blood, vital capacity, maximal midexpiratory flow rate and forced expiratory volume were studied at 524, 1,600, and 2,844 m altitude. There was an acute decrease in O2 and CO2 tension and an increase of maximal midexpiratory flow rate. After an adaptation period of 10-12 days to 1,600 m in 70% of the patients an increase of the O2 tension and a decrease of the airways obstruction was observed. 30 % of the patients showed during this period a further decrease in the O2 tension without significant changes in airways obstruction

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193095

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Bronchoconstrictor effects of beta-adren-ergic blockade in asthma: influence of baseline value. Beta-adrenergic blockade induced by propranolol (0.075 mg/kg, i.v.) resulted in a decrease of specific airway conductance (Gs) in 33 out of 40 asthmatics. Change in Gs (D-Gs) widely varied between individuals. The bronchoconstrictor effect of propranolol appeared unpredictable through baseline value. Yet, this effect happened to decrease in individual cases with decreasing initial Gs. Lessening of bronchoconstrictor effect does not seem to be attributable to a preexistent beta-receptor blockade, because of bronchodilator response to beta-stimulant (salbutamol) found in these cases. In 14 out of 40 asthmatics observation of D-Gs larger than the maximal decrease found in 5 normal subjects suggested an increased sympathetic activity.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193096

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of intermittent altitude hy- poxia simulated in a hypobaric chamber (7,000 m, 8 h daily, 5 days a week) on the lesser circulation and heart weight was studied in rats. A marked chronic pulmonary hypertension and hypertrophy of the right ventricle after 24 exposures was found. No further rsignificant increase after 60 exposures was reached. Signs of right heart failure were found both after 24 and 60 exposures. 70 days after the removal of the rats from the hypobaric chamber and recovery in normoxic conditions, the right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular weight did not differ from controls showing reversibility of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy even in animals with signs of right heart failure.

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193097

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Bronchoconstrictions of equal magnitudes were induced by 5-HT when given directly by the pulmonary artery or when inhaled as aerosol. The increase artery pressure was greater when 5-HT was infused directly into the pulmonary artery. Intravenous application of atropine was always found to be effective in blocking the bronchospasm, but not the pulmonary vasoconstrictive action. It has been concluded that 5-HT induced bronchoconstriction reflexly, whereas the mode of 5-HT action on the pulmonary vascular system is not due to a reflex involving vagal pathways. The cause of the different blood gas changes are also discussed

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193098

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of VI/VA, DL/VA and DL/Q inhomo-genities on single breath CO diffusing capacity was examined in six normal subjects. Uneven distribution of VI/VA as a main factor could be excluded. Decreasing apnoe time (ta) or increasing lung perfusion during exercise resulted in more even distribution of DL/VA rs. DL/Q, thus increasing DLco·A combination of both factors had no additional effect on DLco. Single breath DLco at t a = 4 sec will increase at nearly the the same degree as under an increased lung perfusion during sub-maximal exercise. Therefore, it is more convenient for practical purpose to measure singlebreath DLco at ta = 4 se

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193099

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Alveolar gas exchange was studied com-paratively in anaesthetised dogs during spontaneous breathing and during artificial ventilation produced by a body respirator. The pulmonary O2 diffusing capac- ity, D O2, in particular, was measured, employing two different methods: the conventional steady-state method, using ideal alveolar P O2 (D O2SS) and a rebreathing method (Do2RB). A considerable decrease (by a factor of 3) in both D o2SS and DO2RB was observed on transition from spontaneous breathing to artificial ventilation. Distributional inhomogeneities were found to be considerably increased during artificial ventilation as indicated by increased values of both alveolar dead space ventilation and venous admixture. The increased inhomogeneity was probably due to considerably decreased end-expiratory lung volume during artificial ventilation at mean intrapulmonary pressure zero. The observed reduction in DO2 should, at least in part, be attributed to the enhanced distributional inhomogeneity during artificial ventilation at low lung volume. Apparently, DO2SS and DO2RB are affected about equally by distributional inequalities in the lung

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193100

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A patient with far-advanced oral, lymph node and pulmonary infection with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis was treated with amphotericin B because of hypersensitivity to sulfonamides. Oral lesions dis- sappeared with minimal scarring. Initially spectacular radiographic infiltration improved markedly. Minimal physiologic abnormalities remained unchanged.With increasing population mobility, South American blastomycosis is likely to be found more often in non-endemic areas. Clinical features, fungal characteristics and therapy are discussed

ISSN:0025-7931    

DOI:10.1159/000193101

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger