摘要:

AbstractInstitutional policy analysts, who study government reform and its consequences, have made three strategic choices: first, they support or emphasize procedural values; second, they use a single method to examine a single reform of a single institution; and third, they focus on declining institutions, formal reforms, and coercive controls. The author challenges these choices and argues in favor of alternative approaches.

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324512

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTheoreticians claim that negotiated compensation plans could overcome local resistance to nuclear waste (or other less than desirable) facilities, and the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 gives the Department of Energy considerable flexibility to negotiate with and compensate states in which it locates waste storage. DOE's monitored retrievable storage (MRS) proposal is the first attempt under the NWPA to site nuclear waste operations, and both DOE and one local community tried the negotiated compensation approach with some success. State and regional leaders chose to oppose the project rather than to negotiate, however. The limited experience to date suggests that local reluctance to negotiate is a generic weakness of the compensation approach to siting and must be given greater attention.

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324513

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince the mid‐1970s numerous states have raised their minimum legal drinking age in an effort to reduce alcohol‐related traffic accidents. This study examines determinants of a variety of traffic fatality rates at the state level for 1978, with particular attention to drinking age and drinking experience. The legal drinking age has no perceptible influence on fatalities, but inexperience in drinking is an apparent risk factor independent of age. The findings suggest that the effectiveness of higher drinking ages as a safety policy tool probably has been oversta

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324514

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines the relative costs of workers' compensation insurance across firm‐size groups, with particular focus on administrative scale economies (“compliance effects”) and biases in rate‐setting (“enforcement effects”). Analyzing data on premiums and losses from the insurance industry, the authors find that the costs of insurance per dollar of loss are relatively high for very small firms. These higher costs reflect certain fixed administrative costs insurance companies must bear, but for extremely small firms these higher costs tend to be mitigated by an “enforcement” bias in state rate‐setting outcomes. Due to imperfect experience‐rating of insurance premiums, middle‐sized firms—which have the highest losses—pay less per dollar of loss than either the smallest or largest firms. Indeed, it appears that large firms purchasing commercial workers' compensation insurance su

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324515

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious studies of privatization have considered the cost‐effectiveness of privatizing more labor‐intensive services. This study examines the effectiveness of public and private delivery of a more capital‐intensive service: insuring municipal bonds against default. Credit enhancement for local government bonds is available from private insurance companies and from some state governments. Because of their reduced default risk, bonds backed by a third party should incur lower interest rates. This research considers two questions. Does a third party guarantee lower interest rates? Is private bond insurance more cost‐effective than the credit enhancement programs of state governments in lowering interes

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324516

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Central American countries are divided by profound political differences. Yet surprising similarities exist in the changing relations between the public and private sectors. Throughout the region, public and private sectors lock into a vicious circle. The inability of the state to provide order and social harmony creates disincentives for the private sector to invest or even to continue existing levels of production. The government responds by increasing its responsibilities at the expense of the private sector. In doing so it assumes risks the private sector refuses, but further alienates the private sector nonetheless.

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324517

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines two questions basic to welfare policy: (1) whether the amount of poverty‐related transfers is sufficient to fill the poverty gap, and (2) which families actually get benefits and how much of their income deficit is filled by those benefits. Transfers are sufficient: the post‐Social Security poverty gap is $74 billion while poverty‐related programs total $198 billion. Further, 86% of currentincome‐conditionedbenefits go to the pretransfer poor and 89% of those are used to alleviate poverty (fill the poverty gap). Thus, if a substantial fraction of total Federal and State expenditures on poverty‐related programs could be targeted more toward the poor, the poverty gap can be eliminated. The current programs, however, would have to be changed substantially to achieve the necessary re

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324518

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324519

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.2307/3324524

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-8739    

DOI:10.1002/pam.4050060213

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY