摘要:

SummaryDentistry must re‐examine its professional obligations towards the patient and consider whether its present basis is too rigidly technical. Oral rehabilitation can be defined in terms of the restoration of function and aesthetics. However, it must include also a philosophy of concern for an oral invalid who may require continued and varied help in the management of his disability. The understanding of this concept requires an analysis of the meaning and impact of an oral disorder on an individual, and the responsibilities of those who have to provide him with guidance. Consideration must be given to the reflections of these principles of care on the teaching of dental student

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00924.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe occurrence of symptoms of dysfunction of the masticatory system was studied in 253 Swedish men from the region of Stockholm with an average age of 19 years. Besides inquiry by questionnaire regarding subjective symptoms a clinical functional examination of the masticatory apparatus was performed.Fourteen per cent were aware of clicking of the temporomandibular joint and 12% of other symptoms of dysfunction such as difficulties in opening the mouth wide, locking and pain on performance of various movements of the mandible. In the clinical investigation, symptoms of dysfunction were noted in 28 % of those examined, mainly in the form of tenderness to palpation over the temporomandibular joints and of the masticatory musculature as well as difficult, painful and irregular movements of the mandible.Individuals with clinical symptoms of dysfunction of the masticatory system had a higher frequency of other joint and muscle symptoms, clicking of the temporomandibular joint and occlusal disturbances in the form of balancing side interferences, than those without clinical symptoms. Balancing side interferences were the only occlusal disturbance that was significantly correlated with the symptoms of dysfunction (pain on movement and tenderness to palpation).

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00925.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe biological compatibility of an experimental glass ionomer (silicopolyacrylate) cement has been assessed inin vitro(cell culture) andin vivo(monkey teeth) tests. For comparison a conventional silicate cement (Super Syntrex®) was included in thein vivoexperiments.In vitro, the glass ionomer cement was toxic when freshly prepared. The toxicity decreased, however, with increasing setting time. In experiments with prolonged cell‐material contact time with specimens which had set for 24 h, the material appeared to be non‐toxic. Thein vivoexperiments confirmed previous reports concerning unfavourable pulp reactions caused by silicate cement, while the glass ionomer cement caused mainly a mild pulp reaction after 8 days of observation. Unfortunately no longer‐term observations were obtained since the material had been washed out of the cavities within 3

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00926.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis report constitutes a long‐term study of 100 saddle‐bridges applied by the author during the years 1958–1973. The aim of the investigation has been to assess the prognosis for this form of therapy. The probability that a saddle‐bridge will still be functioning completely, without repair, after 5 years is 93 %, and after 10 years (as also after 12 years) 83%. Only 12% of the appliances had been removed 12 years after the application.The risk of defects is about the same during the first 5‐year period after the application as it is during the second and the third 5‐year periods. A comparison between saddle‐bridges applied before and after 1965 shows no demonstrable difference as regards the 5‐year prognosis in spite of modifications with respect to range of indication and therapy.The causes of the defects have been divided into biological and technical. During the first 5‐year period technical defects appear to be in the majority, whereas during the later stages, biological defects predominate. Background factors such as sex, the age of the patient, length of saddle, localization in the jaw do not prove to have any appreciable importance for the prognosis. There is, on the other hand, a significantly better prognosis when the opposing jaw is furnished with the patient's own teeth and/or fixed bridges than with a removable denture.The author points out that from the result of the study, the saddle‐bridge has such a good long‐term prognosis that its range of application for fixed constructions should be

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00927.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe monosynaptic, myotatic (jaw jerk) potential (MSP) evoked in the relaxed masseter by a tap on the chin and recorded electromyographically in this muscle (latency 6·3 ms, duration 5·9 ms) was similar in subjects with, or without, TMJ clicking. The latency of the myotatic potential was significantly shorter (5·8 ms) when evoked during isometric contraction. The duration was 5·2 ms. A potential with similar characteristics as the MSP was evoked by TMJ clicking, as we believe by excitation of muscle spindles from tissue transmitted vibrations (latency 5·5 ms, duration 5·6 ms). The TMJ click evoked MSP could in the contracting masseter be followed by silent periods (SPs) both of the early (latency about 10 ms) and the late type (latency about 50 ms). A tap on the chin during isometric contraction of the jaw elevators, was followed by an SP of the early type (latency 12·2 ms, duration 17·5 ms) and sometimes by an SP of the late type (latency 58 ms, duration 18 ms). The late SP occurred significantly more often in patients with TMJ‐dysfunction. The period of lower activity following an MSP can be divided into two phases: a first phase with a complete electrical silence, denoted SP, and a second phase during which the activity is slowly increasing to reach the control level. This latter phase will be called‘depressed activity’(DA) and is introduced as a new parameter. The SP with tooth tapping (latency 10·5 ms, duration 9·4 ms) was similar in groups with or without TMJ clicking. The superimposed MSP (SMSP) preceding the SP at tooth tapping is supposed to be a manifestation of the‘load‐c

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00928.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA review and evaluation of the literature on mastication has been undertaken. Part Idiscusses the form of the masticatory cycle in the natural and artificial dentitions, including the controversial question of whether tooth contact occurs during function. Part II reviews the literature concerning the speed of movement of the mandible, rate of chewing, and the forces developed in chewing. Part III describes masticatory efficiency and performance, the effect of food on masticatory function, and incorporates a summary of all these three papers.

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00929.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe electrical conductivity readings of extracted human teeth were taken: prior to placement of pit and fissure sealants; immediately after placement of the pit and fissure sealants; 2 weeks after immersion of the specimens in distilled water at 37°C; and after 7200 strokes on a toothbrushing machine. The specimens were then immersed in dye for 24 h, sectioned and evaluated for evidence of dye penetration.The electrical conductivity readings were then compared to dye penetration results to determine if a correlation existed.A positive correlation existed between the electrical conductivity readings and dye penetration. Threshold values of electrical conductivity existed (which varied for each sealant)—readings above these threshold values indicated sealant failure or leakage.The possibility of using electrical conductivity as a diagnostic tool is definitely worthy of further research—particularly its potential as anin vivomethod of assessing lea

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00930.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe material consists of patients who received single crowns and fixed partial dentures at the Department of Prosthetics, Dental Faculty, University of Oslo in the period 1967–73.Two‐thirds of the patients were women, and about two‐thirds of the restorations were made in the maxilla. A total of 3275 crowns were received by 2145 patients. On average, maxillary teeth were crowned 7 years earlier than mandibular teeth. A total of 1393 fixed partial dentures, consisting of 6835 units, were made for 1368 pat

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00931.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLateral displacement of the mandible was induced experimentally in five adult male Rhesus monkeys. Following from 2½2 weeks to 19 months, the animals were sacrificed and examined histologically. Two of the monkeys received H3proline 4 months prior to sacrifice and radioautographs were prepared. The lateral displacement apparently caused great discomfort because the monkeys refused to eat and lost weight rapidly for a few months. After about 12 months, the monkeys could again eat their normal diet to the extent they started to gain weight slowly.The histological and radio‐autographic findings indicated almost no changes of the articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joints. However, extensive reorganization of the neck of the condyles was observed. Severe periodontal trauma and extensive movements of the teeth occurred in spite of the fact that the teeth in each jaw were splinted firmly togeth

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00932.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The book reviews are in this article:Surgery for Dental StudentsBy MichaelF. A. Woodruff.Frontiers of Oral Physiology, No. 1. Physiology of MasticationBy Y. Kawamura.Clinical Interviewing and Counselling: Principles and TechniquesBy G. M. Edinburg, N. E. Zinbergand W. Kelman.Essential of Dental radiography for Dental Assistants and HygienistsBy W. R.deLyre.Practical EndodonticsBy SamuelLuks.

ISSN:0305-182X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1976.tb00933.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY