摘要:

SummaryMesenteric node lymphocytes from mice that had been infected with the nematodeTrichuris muris, and then boosted with adult worm excretory‐secretory antigens were fused with myeloma cells to produce a panel of 9 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). Five of the MoAbs were of the IgA isotype. The antigen recognition profiles of these MoAbs were studied using SDS‐PAGE and immunoblotting: three major profile patterns were identified. Five MoAbs recognized a major band in the MW range 43‐48 kD; all recognized a range of antigens. Three MoAbs were used to localize antigens in the bodies of adult worms. Granules within the anterior stichocytes were recognized strongly, as was material within the eggs and pseudocoelom. Two MoAbs stained the cuticle. Although the phosphorylcholine (PC) determinant was widely distributed within worm tissues none of the MoAbs tested recognized PC. Passive transfer of immunity was achieved using two of the IgA monoclonals; no immunity was transferred by the Ig M and Ig G MoAbs used. The limited recognition profiles of these IgA MoAbs. and the ability to slain stichocyte granules, suggest that their protective activity results from an interaction with ES ant

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAdherence of eosinophilic granulocytes from patients with onchocerciasis to microfilariae (Mf), third (L3) and fourth (L4) stage larvae ofOnchocerca volvuluswas studiedin vitro.Native and heat‐inactivated sera from patients with onchocerciasis (OS), from endemic controls without signs of the disease (ECS), from healthy Caucasians (NS) or foetal calf serum (FCS) served as sources for adherence mediating factors. In FCS‐supplemented medium eosinophils did not adhere to any larvae. None of the sera mediated the adherence of eosinophils to L4. Eosinophils adhered to L3 in the presence of OS, ECS and NS, whereas OS exclusively mediated adherence to Mf. Reduced adherence rates of eosinophils to L3 occurred in heat‐inactivated or zymosan‐activated OS, ECS or CS. Eosinophils bound to the L3 cuticle of moulting stage but not lo the newly exposed L4 cuticle. A single adherent layer of effector cells was found around cast L3 cuticle, multiple layers were found around intact L3 leading to subsequent paralysis of the larvae and to an amplification of the toxic effector potential by homotypic intereosinophilic adhesion. Our experiments document heterogeneity of in vitro effector cell adherence to the three larval stages ofO. volvulusand indicate that complement‐dependent as well as independent mechanisms arc operative in eosinophil‐larval‐interaction. The results emphasize the importance of the invading infective larval stages ofO. volvulusas possible targets for vacci

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOur preliminary study (31 patients) of HLA frequencies and amoebic abscess of the liver (AAL) in Mexican mestizos was extended to include 110 patients with this condition. The previously found increase in H LA‐B16 was not confirmed, but the frequency of HLA‐DR3 was again found significantly increased in patients with AAL when compared to the normal, ethnically matched control population, both in its isolated (35‐5% vs 12.7%) and in the HLA‐A2, DR3 haplotypic version (20.9% vs 4.5%). Moreover, seven of the 17 HLA specificities that were found to be individually different atP(yet not atPC) level in patients with AAL when compared to the control population, were actually HLA‐DR3 containing haplotypes. HLA‐DR3 may thus encode a risk factor(s) for AAL, at least in the Mexican mestizo population. Furthermore a significant increase in the complotype SC01 and its haplotypic version SC01, DR4 were identified in 45 non selected patients with AAL when compared to normal controls (31‐1% vs 6.7% and 17.8% vs 0% respectively). Even though a relationship between allelic forms of complement components and their function has not been fully established, this complotype could represent a risk factor as well, since complement appears to play a role in host defence against amoebic invasion. Finally, no extended haplotype preference was found in these

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFree‐living amoebae cause three well‐defined disease entities: (i) primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. caused byNaegleria fowleri, (ii) granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and (iii) chronic amoebic keratitis, caused by species ofAcanthamoeba.BothNaegieriainfections and chronic amoebic keratitis occur in healthy individuals while granulomatous amoebic encephalitis is often associated with patients with acquired immunodeficiencies. The different pathogenic behaviour of these organisms is associated with differences in life cycle, amoeboidal locomotion, enzyme composition (such as phospholipase A), and cytotoxins, as well as natural host immunity. Immunity against these amoebae (whether acquired or natural) involves a combination of complement, antibody and cell‐mediated immunity. Evidence suggests that the major mechanisms of immunity against these amoebae is activation of phagocytic cells, especially neutrophils, by lymphokines and opsonization of the amoebae by antibody which promote an antibody dependent cellular destruction of the org

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study examines several aspects of a polymorphic, immunodominant molecule (P!M) found in the protozoan parasite.Theileria parva.The antigen is present in allT. p. parvastocks examined, and in the related subspecies,T. p. bovisandT. p. lawrencei.It is the predominant antigen recognized by antisera from immune cattle on Western blot analysis of schizont‐infected lymphocytes, and is the only antigen which has been shown to react with anti‐schizont monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) on Western blots or in immunoprecipitations. The antigen shows polymorphism in both size and expression of antibody epitopes among the different stocks ofT. parva.The antigen is present in sporozoites as well as schizo

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of treatment with a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) capable of neutralising interferon‐gamma (IFN‐y) on the course of coccidial infections in mice (C57BL/6 and NIH infected withEimeria vermiformisorE. pragensis, and BALBc infected withE. pragensis) was examined. The results differed with the species of parasite, the strain of mouse, the measure of infection and whether the infection was a primary or secondary one. The replication ofE. vermiformisin primary infections was enhanced in bothC57BL 6 and NIH mice, but less MoAb was required in NIH than in C57BL/6 to produce similar effects. In neither strain did treatment prevent priming or interfere with the complete immunity to challenge normally induced by moderate infection withE. vermiformis.The replication ofE. pragensisin primary infections was not affected in any of the strains of mouse but the clinical effects were exacerbated. Priming withE. pragensiswas unaffected by treatment but the partial immunity to challenge, normally induced by infection with this species, was reduced when MoAb was given 2 h before challenge. This reduction was evident as an increased faecal output of oocysts and loss of body weight. These results confirm the role of! FN‐y in resistance to coccidiosis and further emphasise the complexity of the immune response in this di

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe expression of the Mr30 000 surface antigen in the third stage larvae (L,3) ofBrugia pahangihas been investigated. The antigen could be detected only with great difficulty in the mosquito derived Li externally labelled with125I but was more easily labelled in 24 and 48 h post‐infective larvae harvested from the vertebrate host. Labelling of a detergent extract of mosquito derived L3with125I demonstrated that the Mr 30 000 antigen was indeed present in this life cycle stage, presumably in an internal localization. It seems likely that the Mr30 000 antigen is not fully expressed in the parasite cuticle until after infection of the vertebrate host. The data presented also suggest that there arc major differences in the surface properties of the mosquito derived Li compared to the p.i. L3harvested from the vertebrate hos

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00264.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe antigenic components of aParagonimus heterairemussaline extract were revealed by SDS‐PAGE and Western blot analysis using sera from 32 patients withP. heterotremusinfection. 60 with other helminthiasis, and 15 normal human sera. It was found that the worm extract was comprised of more than 13 polypeptides. among which 5 components were strongly recognized by paragonimiasis sera. These components had approximately showed molecular weight of<12‐3. 12 3, 18‐5, 31,‐5 and 38 kD. Only the 31.5 kD component was recognized by all 32 paragonimiasis sera. Sera from other helminth infections and from uninfected did not produced detectable bands with the worm extract. The present findings suggested that the 31.5 kD component may be sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of human paragonimiasis heier

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00265.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe biotimlation of protein antigens for use in immunoprecipitation studies with parasite antigens is described. This technique was standardized to produec maximal labelling without compromising cither the viability of the parasite or the antigenicity of labelled proteins. Live axenicEntamoeba histolyticatrophozoites were optimally labelled by incubation of 107parasites in 1 ml phosphate‐buffered saline for 20 min at 37°C with a final concentration of 10 mM N‐hydroxy succinimido‐biotin (NHS‐B). Examination of antigens recognized by immunoglobulin from convalescent amoebic liver abscess patients and precipitated by protein A‐Sepharose showed a general increase in immune response to amoebic antigens with time following treatment. Mass ratio mol. wts of immunoprecipitated antigens concur with those presented by other authors using alternate technology, in addition to recognizing antigens previously not identified by human sera. We therefore recommend biotinylation as a viable alternative to radiolabelling techniques for the study of parasite antigens and the humoral immune responses raised ag

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00266.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe antigenicity of the biosynthetically labelled somatic and excretory/secretory proteins of adultFasciola hepaticawas investigated over 20 weeks of an infection withF. hepaticain sheep. The antibody response was initially detected by 6LISA 2 weeks after infection, and was sustained at this level for the remainder of the infection. Immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that a large number of proteins were recognized by the sheep, with several dominant antigens occurring in the 29‐31 kilodalton molecular weight range. No differences were found between the antigens recognized by sheep in the early or late stages of infection suggesting that there are similarities between the antigens of the immature and mature forms of the parasit

ISSN:0141-9838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00267.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY