摘要:

The current status of counseling psychology is analyzed from the perspective of a Freudian, drive‐structure theory. It is argued that counseling psychology has committed the classical response to the Oedipal conflict in its treatment of counselor education by identifying with the aggressor (i.e., psychiatry and clinical psychology). A more unified relationship between counseling psychology and counselor education is recommende

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article reviews theories of women's identity that emphasize the relational capacities of women. It provides a brief summary of five theories that have received attention during the 1980s and focuses on how these perspectives can be integrated and enrich counseling practices. It also cautions against oversimplifying the nature of women's identity and suggests that an inclusive view of women's or men's identity must devote attention to individual differences, situational factors, and external social forces that influence persons.

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ninety‐one male and female counselors completed a survey assessing the frequency of their use of self‐referent statements (positive and negative self‐disclosure and positive and negative self‐involving responses) in individual counseling. As the researchers hypothesized, counselors reported using a significantly greater frequency of positive versus negative self‐reference. Contrary to hypotheses, there were no significant differences due to either counselor gender or level of counseling experience alone. There was, however, an interaction for males such that as experience increased, self‐reference decreased. Implications for training and research ar

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article examines the use of empowerment as a central component of counseling and as a criterion for evaluating counseling interventions. Definitions of empowerment across several perspectives are discussed and a definition of empowerment in the context of counseling is proposed. Based on this definition, potentially empowering and disempowering aspects of counseling are presented. Measurement and research issues and recommendations related to empowerment are highlighted.

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article suggests considerations and strategies for identifying and modifying a client's defense mechanisms in counseling. A systematic approach to a client's mechanisms of defense contributes to therapeutic gain. Inappropriate counselor responses intensify an individual's defenses and undermine the counseling relationship. Definitions of individual defenses and indicators for identifying the mechanisms are provided. A literature review focuses on the counseling implications of the defenses. The process of defense mechanism modification is illustrated through a case example.

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a survey of college students (N = 860), significantly greater problem drinking was indicated by students who reported having a parent or grandparent diagnosed or treated for alcoholism. The highest rates of problem drinking were found among students who reported both an alcoholic parent and grandparent. Students who had experienced distress and family discord from parental alcohol abuse, though without a diagnosed alcoholic parent, also indicated greater problem drinking. The increased alcohol problems of students without a diagnosed alcoholic parent, however, were somewhat different from other children of alcoholics (COAs). Thus, different types of COAs must be considered in research, treatment, and prevention programs.

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The proliferation of Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) has created new opportunities for persons in the counseling profession to examine specific psychological, sociological, and environmental factors associated with employee occupational mental health, stress‐affected work performance, vocational adjustment, and job‐related social behavior. In this article, we discuss the contribution that Bayer and Gerstein's (1988a) Bystander‐Equity Model of Supervisory Helping Behavior can make to the pursuit of EAP research based on the traditions of the field of counseling. We also offer the field a structure for pursuing empirical and applied activities in EAP settings. Finally, we encourage counseling researchers and practitioners to respond to the challenge of working much more closely with EAPs, so that our profession can further establish its commitment to investigating various aspects of vocational beh

ISSN:0748-9633    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1991.tb01496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY