ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00901.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An ultrastructural study of the cellular response of plaice toRhipidocotyle johnstoneinom. nov. Matthews, 1968, revealed a chronic inflammatory lesion containing cells mainly of the mononuclear phagocyte series. The ‘granuloma’ included monocytes, macrophages, epithelioid cells and multinucleated cells with peripheral fibrocytes. The presence of small numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the mature granuloma suggests a cell‐mediated response. The parasite becomes adult within two months and survives for approximately 10 months, the capsules becoming increasingly fibrotic. Heavy infections in young fish cause fin erosion, haemorrhage and probably impair muscle function, increasing the risk of pred

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00902.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Gas bubble disease in larval striped bass,Morone saxatilis(Walbaum), was characterized by overinflation of the swimbladder and the formation of intestinal bubbles. This accumulation of gas hindered normal swimming of the fish and in extreme cases resulted in floating fish. As gas accumulated in the gut, the inner mucosal lining was compressed down into a cuboidal epithelium and in more advanced cases nearly the entire digestive tract was reduced to a squamous inner epithelium surrounded by a thin serosa. A significant increase in swimbladder volume was observed at total gas pressures as low as 102.9% and mortality was increased at 105.6‐106.0%. The older larvae (30‐day‐old) were less sensitive to gas supersaturation than 10‐ to 19‐day

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00903.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Opsonic activities of fish antibody and complement in the phagocytic responses of fish leucocytes have been investigated using salmonid peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and viable cells ofAeromonas salmonicidaas antigenic particles. PEC were isolated from liquid paraffin‐injected coho salmon, masu salmon and rainbow trout. After incubation at 20°C for 2 h, phagocytosis by PEC was evaluated. Phagocytic activity was attributed to neutrophil‐like and macrophage‐like cells, though in the absence of immune serum activity was low. The addition of fish antibody (heal‐inactivated antiserum) slightly increased the activity. On the addition of normal serum as a complement source phagocytic activity was dramatically accelerated. This acceleration was interpreted as opsonization as a result of the classical pathway activation of fish complement by an antigen‐antibody reaction. The complement of mammals (goat, guinea pig and rabbit) did not possess opsonic activity in the presence of fis

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00904.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Laboratory examinations of pond‐reared common carp,Cyprinus carpioL., revealed a close correlation between the prevalence of swimbladder inflammation (SBI), renal sphaerosporosis and infection by C‐blood‐protozoan among the carp fry. In impression smears as well as light and electron microscopic preparations we detected developmental stages of intercellular protozoa, mainly in the loose fibrous tissue of the swimbladder. The parasites multiplied by internal budding so that 20–46 secondary cells were formed in each primary cell and two tertiary cells were formed in each secondary cell. The final stage of development was a unit consisting of a secondary cell enclosing two tertiary cells, i.e. a so‐called triple formation, which bore a close resemblance to the early sporogonic stages of the renal sphaerosporanSphaerospora angulataFujita, 1912. Certain morphological similarities and the frequent simultaneous presence of the swimbladder protozoan, C‐bloodprotozoan, andS. angulatain hosts with clinical SBI have led us to postulate that the former two parasites could represent the hitherto unknown presporogonic stages ofS. angulata.In view of the pathological changes caused by the parasites in the hosts with clinical SBI, and negative bacteriological and virological findings we have postulated that the swimbladder protozoan is the primary cause of SBI

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00905.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The sensitivity of the immunoperoxidase (IP) and fluorescent antibody (FA) techniques applied to frozen sections of organs of carp infected with spring viraemia virus (SVCV) was similar, both in respect of the intensity of the reaction and in the detection rate of the antigen. Seven days after a waterborne infection both methods detected the antigen in the kidneys and to a lesser extent in the liver and spleen. Quantification of virus gave a titre of 102.8to 105.5TCID50/g of kidney, whereas the agent could not be isolated from liver and spleen tissue. In contrast, at 241/2days post–infection the viral antigen could be readily detected in liver and spleen but only occasionally in the kidneys using the IP and FA techniques. At this time, liver and spleen showed infectivity titres of 103.8to 107.2TCID50/g tissue, whereas the kidneys were found to be free of infective virus. It is concluded that using the IP and FA techniques SVCV can be detected most frequently in the kidneys from 7 to 14 days post–infection and in the liver and spleen from 14 to 24 days post‐infe

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00906.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A bacterin for immunization against bacterial kidney disease of salmonid fishes caused byRenibacterium salmoninarumis described. Cultures were grown in Evelyn's KDM2 medium containing 10% calf serum in a fermenter under the following conditions: pH 7.2, 15°C, 800ml/min air, 200 rev/min agitation and 5–15 days of incubation. Possible substitutes for calf serum were 10% horse serum 0.15% starch and leptospira medium. The bacterins were inactivated with 0.3% formalin and no adjuvants were used. Other tests evaluated pH‐lysed bacterin, 50% concentrated bacterin and 50% concentrated pH‐lysed bacterin. Juvenile rainbow trout,salmo gairdneriRichardson, were vaccinated either by intraperiotoneal (i.p.) injection, 2 min immersion or 2‐step hyperosmotic infiltration. Fish were held from four to six weeks at 11°C, then challenged by i.p. injection with the homologous virulent bacterium. Fish died from days 19 to 40 after challenge. The best preparation was pH‐lysed bacterin given by a single i.p. injection; hyperosmotic and immersion vaccination were not effective. Typically when 80% or more of unvaccinated controls were infected as detected by Gram stain, 10% or less of the vaccinated fish we

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00907.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A rainbow trout with a malignant lymphoma of probable thymic origin showed direct spread of the tumour to the gills, metastases to the liver and head kidney, and the presence of abnormal circulating lymphocytes. The cells of the tumour possessed plasma membrane immunoglobulin detectable by immuno–fluorescence. Examination of the tumour cells by transmission electron microscopy revealed no evidence of virus associated with the cells. Infectious viruses could not be detected in the tumour tissue, and the tumour was not transmissible by injection of live tumour cells into young rainbow trout. Attempts to establish the tumour in long–term culture were unsuccess

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00908.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00909.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0140-7775    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00910.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY