摘要:

To test a causal model derived from discrete affect (Tomkins, 1962) and involvement (Mosher, 1980) theories, 120 male and 121 female subjects responded to four erotic conditions with self‐reports of discrete affects and subjective sexual arousal. The four erotic conditions were (a) recall of a past heterosexual episode, (b) recall of a past masturbatory episode, (c) free sex fantasy, and (d) guided sex fantasy. The model posits (a) a direct effect of sex on sex guilt only; (b) sex guilt and masturbation guilt would have direct effects and indirect effects on sexual arousal; and (c) discrete positive affects would amplify sexual arousal, discrete negative affects would attenuate sexual arousal, and discrete affects would mediate the indirect effects of sex guilt on sexual arousal. Covariance structure analysis (Duncan, 1975; Kenny, 1979) was used to generate path coefficients. Incremental fit indices indicated an excellent goodness of fit of the model. Sex had no significant paths. Sex guilt had both direct and indirect effects on sexual arousal. Discriminant validity was a problem in measuring negative affects. Improvements in methods of measurement and experimental design are suggested for future research.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551241

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purposes of this study were, first, to confirm inverse relationships between sex guilt and contraceptive use and attitudes and, second, to demonstrate that guilt regarding masturbation in comparison to sex guilt was a specific inhibitor of diaphragm use. In a sample of 186 single college women, sex guilt accounted for 28% of the variance in nine measures of contraceptive attitudes, thereby confirming the hypothesized inverse relationship. Users of safe, coitus‐independent, contraceptives scored lower on sex guilt than noncontraceptors. Moreover, the safe contraceptors, who used the pill or IUD, scored lower on sex guilt than women who relied on coitus‐dependent methods such as foam, suppositories, or condoms for contraception, which confirmed the second hypothesis. The third hypothesis was that masturbation guilt was inversely correlated with contraceptive attitudes. Including a measure of masturbation guilt along with sex guilt in a hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that masturbation guilt added, as further hypothesized, a significant increment of 4% to the variance in contraceptive attitudes beyond that explained by sex guilt alone. Finally, the use of the diaphragm was shown to be specifically related to masturbation guilt, rather than to sex guilt, as had been hypothesized. Masturbation guilt appears to inhibit the required handling of the genitals for insertion of the diaphragm.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551242

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The relationship between actual societal reaction (SR) and putative societal reaction (PSR) to homosexuality was investigated in two cultures, Sweden and Australia, which were similar with regard to socio‐economic factors but dissimilar with regard to attitudes toward homosexuality. It was predicted that there would be no correlation between SR and PSR, that there would be differences between the two countries on PSR but not SR, and that these dimensions of societal reaction would be confirmed by factor analysis. One hundred seventy‐six Swedish and 163 Australian homosexual males were administered scales measuring the actual or expected reaction to individuals or classes of individuals. They also responded to questionnaire items measuring acceptance of their homosexuality. Results indicated that there was a different direction of relationship between SR and PSR for each country and that there were significant differences between the two cultures on PSR but not SR, indicating that PSR is probably the critical variable measuring differences in adjustment as a result of societal pressures. PSR was also related to several factors measuring psychological adjustment. The findings have implications with regard to mechanisms underlying societal reaction in homosexual men and their influence on psychological adjustment and the factorial basis of societal reaction and its measurement.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551243

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Empirical data are limited detailing the sexual behavior patterns of blacks. The present study describes similarities and differences in sexual behavior patterns of black and white college students. A convenience sample of 565 subjects was drawn from a large midwestern university. The Beicastro Sexual Behavior Inventory was utilized to collect data regarding the onset and frequency of numerous sexual behaviors. Overall, the two racial groups were more similar than dissimilar in their sexual behavior patterns. A few differences did emerge. Black males had more interracial coital experience than white males, and white males had more masturbatory experience than black males. White females, when compared to black females, were more likely to have performed fellatio, used coitus interruptus, and have masturbated a partner. Future researchers concerned with human sexual behavior should be sensitive to and control for differences within multi‐cultural populations. Furthermore, it is recommended that research dedicated to classifying people on a permissiveness construct be given a low priority in favor of research describing the sexual development and behavior patterns, across the life cycle, for diversified cultural groups in diversified geographic regions.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551244

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The relationships of sex, sex guilt, and authoritarianism to affective and arousal responses after viewing explicit heterosexual and opposite‐and same‐sex masturbation slides were investigated. Compared to females, males expressed more positive affect and higher sexual arousal in response to all but the same‐sex masturbatory theme. Participants with higher sex guilt expressed less positive affect about the stimuli, with the least positive affect expressed by high‐guilt participants after exposure to slides showing same‐sex autoeroticism. Authoritarianism was also negatively related to positive feelings about the same‐sex slides. The association of these affective responses with attributions about, and attraction toward, the experimenter were explored. Compared to other groups, females with low positive feelings about the heterosexual and same‐sex masturbation pictures accepted less responsibility for slide‐watching and expressed more derogation and dislike of the experimenter. The Sexual Behavior Sequence provided an integrative theoretical model for this research. The theory outlines the behavioral response sequence to external erotic stimuli, with dispositional variables, arousal, and affect as intervening variables. The contributions of each of these variables to self‐reported responses to erotica are described, with implications for understanding the psychological processes involved in them.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551245

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Early family backgrounds of gay fathers compared to a matched sample of gay nonfathers were investigated, with particular emphasis on parent‐son relationships. It was hypothesized that, contrary to predictions based on Freudian theory, there would be no difference in homosexual fathers' and nonfathers' perceptions of their early family life and relationships with their mothers and fathers. Questionnaires from 30 gay fathers and 30 gay nonfathers derived from a larger nationwide study of 285 homosexual men from Dignity chapters in the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southern, Southwestern, and Western United States were analyzed using analysis of variance. No difference was found between the gay fathers' and gay nonfathers' perceptions of their parents' acceptance of them. Both groups perceived their mothers to be significantly more accepting than .their fathers. Both groups also reported growing up in intact homes where heterosexual relationships were modeled for them, pleasant memories existed, and marital discord was not commonplace. These results support the growing body of research which questions the Freudian‐based concept of a causal relationship between early familial relationship patterns and sexual orientation.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551246

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551247

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551248

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

THE BOURGEOIS EXPERIENCE: VICTORIA TO FREUD (Vol. 1). EDUCATION OF THE SENSES. Peter Gay. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984; 534 pages; $25.00.Buffalo, NY 14222THE CHANGING DEFINITION OF MASCULINITY. Clyde W. Franklin, II. New York: Plenum, 1984; 234 pages; $29.50.THE EXTRAMARITAL CONNECTION: SEX, INTIMACY, AND IDENTITY. Lynn Atwater. New York: Irvington Publishers, 1982; 263 pages; $15.95.NARCOTICS AND REPRODUCTION: A BIBLIOGRAPHY. Ernest L. Abel. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1983; 215 pages including indices; $29.95.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551249

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498509551250

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor