ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551285

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Since publication of the first Kinsey report (Kinsey, Pomeroy,&Martin, 1948), statisticians have repeatedly criticized human sexuality surveys on the ground that they are not based on probability samples. But sex surveys are not public opinion polls; they are inquiries utilizing the same scientific techniques relied on in the biological sciences generally: the initial sample of convenience, the comparison‐group study, cumulative confirmations and deliberate sampling for heterogeneity, dose‐response studies, the exclusion of confounding variables, the recognition of coherent patterns in the data, and others. These are powerful methodological instruments which do not require probability sampling for then‐efficacy. Probability sampling is needed primarily to answer questions beginning“What proportion of…?”or,“How many…?”For answering such questions, nonprobability samples such as those used in sex surveys are not trustworthy; proportional information should therefore be eliminated from sex survey reports by means of indexing (normalization), except under special circumstances discussed here.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551286

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In most studies of male homosexuals, there are sampling deficiencies that relate to subject age and sample sources. Data gathered in 1969 on 686 male homosexuals show that those who came out early differ on a number of important variables from those who came out later. Samples of young gays are thus likely to be unrepresentative of the total male homosexual population. Also, all extant samples of gay men appear to under‐represent those over 45 years of age. When respondents from a variety of sample sources were compared, it was found that those obtained through advertising in the general media differ considerably from those obtained through gay‐world sources in the degree of their social involvement in the gay world. Respondents acquired through the general media may constitute a broader representation of the homosexual population than those acquired from the social structures of the gay world.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551287

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Volunteer bias occurs in all areas of human psychological research, limiting the ability of researchers to generalize results to the population at large. In this study, volunteers were compared to nonvolunteers for a study of female sexual response that utilized psychophysiological measurement of sexual aroused. All potential subjects completed questionnaire measures of sexual experience, current sexual activities, sex guilt, sexual arousability, and repression‐sensitization. Subjects then either volunteered or declined to participate after a full description of the research and recording instruments. Univariate analyses showed significant differences between those subjects who participated and those who did not on 27 of 37 variables studied. These variables were then subjected to a factor analysis and scores on the resulting nine factors were entered into a discriminant function analysis to predict volunteer status. Volunteers were found to have greater noncoital sexual experience, greater masturbatory experience, less sexual inhibition, and more experience with unusual sex. Implications of these findings for the study of sexuality are discussed.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551288

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Response bias in self‐administered questionnaires (SAQs) and sample bias in face‐to‐face interviews (FTF) are examined. SAQ study results suggest (a) nonresponse bias is of chief concern in studies of masturbation, (b) partial responders fail to answer sexuality questions because they are uneasy making personal disclosures of sexual information, and (c) this latter threat varies inversely with sexual knowledge and experience indices. No significant order effects were found within SAQs, a result likely related to subjects' high educational levels. The FTF interview study showed (a) volunteers, relative to nonvolunteers, are more willing to disclose sexual information independent of overall self‐disclosure tendencies, (b) completing SAQs with sexuality items did not affect volunteering, (c) results from FTF interviews overestimate the breadth of sexual behaviors and knowledge, and (d) the FTF interview method may be less advantageous to use than SAQs. Data are also presented which support the reliability and construct and discriminative validity of a self‐disclosure measure specific to the sexual context. Within the limits of the present sample the findings suggest relatively less bias than might be expected in research on sensitive topics like sexuality.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551289

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Herpes Attitudes Scale (HAS) and the Herpes Knowledge Scale (HKS) were developed as research instruments to investigate knowledge and attitudes among college students about herpes. The HAS is a 40‐item Likert‐type scale with an internal consistency reliability coefficient of .91, based on a sample of 148 students. The HKS is a 54‐item true‐false test with a reliability coefficient of .88, with the same sample. Content validity of both scales was evaluated by a panel of judges knowledgeable about herpes and/or instrument construction. Since the scales are designed to detect unfavorable attitudes and general misconceptions about herpes, they can function in research applications and as both needs assessment and evaluative tools in herpes education programs.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551290

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There are few ways in which comparable measures of sexual arousal may be obtained from males and females. Because latency to orgasm is an objective measure that is equivalent for both sexes, it may be a useful dependent variable for the investigation of response patterns and differences in men and women. To explore this possibility 24 men and 18 women participated in experimental sessions during which they masturbated to orgasm while viewing sexually explicit films and then rated the film for its arousal value. Male orgasmic latency was not significantly different across rating categories, whereas female research participants showed a significant quadratic trend in which films perceived as beingaveragein arousal quality resulted in the longest latencies. Possible reasons for this sex difference are discussed, and it is suggested that using latency to orgasm as the dependent variable may be a valuable technique in researching sex differences in response to psychosexual stimulation.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551291

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The INDSCAL technique (Carroll&Chang, 1970) offers the possibility of assessing the relative importance of various dimensions of social judgment for individual actors. It is used here to demonstrate the psychological multidimensionality of an ostensibly unidimensional Guttman scale, Reiss' scale of premarital sexual permissiveness. The results suggest a two‐dimensional model of judgments of the permissiveness of various sexual encounters. The scalability of individuals' response patterns is shown to be a function of the relative importance of the two dimensions revealed by the INDSCAL technique. Implications for the interpretation of Guttman scales are discussed, and the INDSCAL technique is suggested as providing a tool which is well suited to the analysis of the structure of sexual perspectives.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551292

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Eighteen studies concerning hysterectomy and female sexuality, published between 1950 and 1982, were critically analyzed. Inconsistent findings among the studies led to a search for an explanation for these discrepancies. Methodological and measurement problems, including definition of terms, data collection instruments and procedures, sampling approaches, and other factors were studied. Further research is needed to build a solid base of knowledge concerning the relationship between the variables of sexuality and hysterectomy.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551293

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

THE PROSTITUTE AND HER CLIENTS: YOUR PLEASURE IS HER BUSINESS. Lewis Diana. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1984; 222 pages; $24.75.HANDS AND HEARTS: A HISTORY OF COURTSHIP IN AMERICA. Ellen K. Rothman. New York: Basic Books, 1984; 370 pages; $19.95.CURRENT RESEARCH UPDATES, HUMAN SEXUALITY. E. R. Mahoney (Ed.). CRU Publishing, P.O. Box 2577, Bellingham, WA 98227, Vol. 1, No. 1, April 1983‐Vol. 3, No. 4, May 1985.FIVE HUMAN SEXUALITY TEXTBOOKS: AN ESSAY REVIEWSEXUAL INTERACTIONS. Elizabeth R. Allgeier and Albert R. Allgeier. Lexington, MA: D. C. Heath, 1984; 632 pages; $22.95DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN SEXUALITY. Kenneth L. Jones, Louis W. Shainberg, and Curtis O. Byer. Dubuque, IA: William C. Brown, 1985; 662 pages; $24.95FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN SEXUALITY (4th ed.). Herant A. Katchadourian. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1985; 612 pages; $27 95HUMAN SEXUALITY: THE SEARCH FOR UNDERSTANDING. David Knox. St. Paul: West Publishing Co., 1984; 635 pages; $24.95.HUMAN SEXUALITY IN PERSPECTIVE. Richard A. Meier. Chicago: Nelson‐Hall, 1984; 556 pages; $22.95.ENDOMETRIOSIS. Mary Nelson. Santa Cruz, CA: Network Publications; 1985; 2 pages (flyer); $.20.THE LAVENDER COUCH. Marny Hall. Boston: Alyson Publications, 1985; 199 pages; $7.95 (paper).PROSTITUTION IN MEDIEVAL SOCIETY: THE HISTORY OF AN URBAN INSTITUTION IN LANGUEDOC. Leah Lydia Otis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985; 240 pages; $22.50.

ISSN:0022-4499    

DOI:10.1080/00224498609551294

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor