ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article, by a Government Minister, sets in context and describes the developing role of market forces in higher education. Four markets are considered: for students; for graduates, research and other services; for academic staff; and for public funds. Limited market forces already operate in all these areas. Policies such as the shift to fees and student loans are expanding and focusing their role, offering new opportunities to higher education's providers and users. The national benefits are a more efficient and responsive system and fairer sharing of its costs.

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Government has set targets for an expansion in student numbers by the year 2,000 at a time when there is a dramatic fall in the numbers of school leavers. Institutions of higher education need to create new markets for student recruitment, both among mature people and also among 18 year‐olds, this latter implying a more realistic assessment of the ability of applicants to benefit from courses and a new approach to school leaving examinations. In order to maximise the exploitation of these markets, institutions must adopt a more serious attitude to admissions, treating them more as matters of policy rather than of administrative function. Unless higher education adopts aggressive marketing and selling practices it will lose out to employers in the competition for young peopl

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFew of today's reforms in higher education are not, in one way or another, justified by invoking the need to be more responsive to ‘the market’. But what is understood by this term, as too the policies which result from it, vary widely across countries. This article, which examines current developments in France and in the Federal Republic of Germany, suggests that the concept of the market and of competition is interpreted in very different ways and is perceived by academia with similar variety. It concludes that the policies developed in Britain are far more radical in their undiluted application of ideologically‐driven measures than their two major European par

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is instructive to think of UK academic science as in interlocking system of ‘markets’, where ‘vendors’ offer ‘commodities’ to ‘customers’ in return for ‘currencies’. In the institutional market, higher education institutions compete commercially as research contractors. Money is also the effective currency in the markets in projects, academic jobs and intellectual property rights. But these are linked with the metaphorical reputational and researchclaimsmarkets where academics compete fiercely for intangible ‘recognition’.Some typical market imperfections, such as research customer monopsony, arbitrary variations of project pricing, inadequate information on quality, and rigidities of staffing, could be reduced by systematic reform. But some current structural problems are deep‐seated. For example, damaging conflict between institutional and individual interests is being generated by the introduction of commercial ‘market forces’ into the traditional academic marketplace, where competition was always by quality, not by price, and where individuals could enter and l

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent years have seen a marked increase in the number, size and importance of social science research centres. The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), government departments and the universities have variously been responsible for this development, which has accompanied a greater emphasis on applied and multi‐disciplinary research. The business‐orientation of the centres has encouraged a new, managerial approach to research activity. Here, issues are discussed which relate to corporate development and performance control, finance, personnel, strategy and development, external relations, dissemination and utilisation. It is concluded that centres need to consolidate their role, and that this can only be achieved with the assistance of the sponsoring instituti

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines the long term pattern of starting and early‐career salaries of U.K. university graduates relative to average non‐manual earnings. Salary statistics collected by several university careers services are aggregated to create a new data‐set which records starting salary trends at aggregate, faculty and subject levels, and data from the 1960,1970 and 1980 graduate cohort surveys are used to extend the investigation to later years. Considerable differences in remuneration across subjects are reported but the paper demonstrates that graduate starting salaries, generally, have been substantially below average non‐manual earnings throughout the period since 1960. Further, graduates’ relative position has deteriorated over time: whilst at the start of the period graduates six years into their careers could, in most subjects, expect to earn more than the average non‐manual wage, by the end of the period, this was no longer generally so. The paper offers an explanation of graduate salary trends, viewing these as the result of changing demand and supply forces in the graduate labour market, and it concludes by addressing some of the key policy and planning issues to which an awareness of salary levels

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Academic TribesAcademic Tribes and Territm'es: Intellecrual Enquiry and the Cultures of Disciplines, Becher, TonyExploring English: Criticisnt, Them, Culture, Bergonzi, Bernard

ISSN:0951-5224    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2273.1991.tb01559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY